潘基文祕書長年防止戰爭和武裝衝突糟蹋環境國際日致辭

Message on the International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict
防止戰爭和武裝衝突糟蹋環境國際日致辭

6 November 2016
2016年11月6日

This year, the world began implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. With 17 universal and interdependent Sustainable Development Goals, the 2030 Agenda is a transformational blueprint for peace, prosperity and dignity for all on a healthy planet. To achieve this vision, we must recognize that we have a duty of care towards the environment in peacetime and during war.
今年，全球開始執行《2030年可持續發展議程》。《2030年議程》載有17個普遍和相互依存的可持續發展目標，是實現健康地球人人享有和平、繁榮和尊嚴的變革藍圖。爲實現這一願景，我們必須認識到我們在和平和戰爭時期負有關愛環境的義務。

Poor governance of the environment and natural resources can contribute to the outbreak of conflict. It can fuel and finance existing conflicts and it can increase the risk of relapse. Conversely, there are many examples of natural resources serving as catalysts for peaceful cooperation, confidence-building and poverty reduction.
環境資源和自然資源治理不當會引發衝突，也會給現有的衝突火上澆油並使之獲得資金支持，還會增加衝突死灰復燃的風險。但另一方面，也有許多例子表明自然資源可以推動和平合作、建立信任和減少貧困。

In the aftermath of violent conflict, natural resources, such as land, timber, minerals, oil and gas, are often the primary assets that governments need to support livelihoods and economic recovery. How governments manage these resources can fundamentally alter the course of post-conflict peacebuilding. That is why it is so important that we work together to combat environmental crime, end the illegal exploitation of natural resources, improve transparency, share benefits more equitably and encourage the participation of women, indigenous peoples and vulnerable groups in decision-making.
暴力衝突過後，土地、木材、礦物、石油和天然氣等自然資源往往成爲政府扶持民生和支持經濟復甦所需要的主要資產。各國政府對這些資源的管理方式會從根本上改變衝突後建設和平的進程。因此，我們必須齊心協力地打擊環境犯罪，制止非法開採自然資源，提高透明度，更公平地分享惠益，並鼓勵婦女、土著人民和弱勢羣體參與決策。

The 2030 Agenda explicitly recognizes that “sustainable development cannot be realized without peace and security; and peace and security will be at risk without sustainable development.” That is why, earlier this year, all 193 Member States of the United Nations Environment Assembly adopted a resolution committing to protect the environment in areas affected by armed conflict. At the same time, the United Nations International Law Commission is currently reviewing the international legal framework for protecting the environment before, during and after armed conflict. It aims to establish guidelines that can better support environmental preservation, particularly in protected areas and environmentally sensitive sites, such as drinking water aquifers, which are of critical environmental and cultural importance and can be severely affected by warfare.
《2030年議程》明確認識到“沒有和平與安全，可持續發展無法實現；沒有可持續發展，和平與安全也將面臨風險。”因此，今年早些時候，聯合國環境大會的所有193個成員國通過一項決議，承諾保護受武裝衝突影響地區的環境。與此同時，聯合國國際法委員會目前正在審查在武裝衝突之前、其間和之後保護環境的國際法律框架。該框架旨在確定準則，從而可更好地支持環境保護，特別是在具有重大環境和文化意義且可能受到戰爭嚴重影響的保護區和環境敏感地點保護環境，如保護蘊藏飲用水的含水層。

With the 2030 Agenda and the concurrent efforts of the United Nations Environment Assembly and the International Law Commission, we have a range of important tools at our disposal. On this International Day, I urge governments, businesses and citizens around the world to prioritize environmental care and the sustainable management of natural resources for preventing conflict, building peace and promoting lasting prosperity.
通過《2030年議程》以及聯合國環境大會和國際法委員會的共同努力，我們已有一系列重要的工具可以使用。值此國際日之際，我敦促世界各地的政府、企業和公民將關愛環境以及自然資源的可持續管理作爲預防衝突，建設和平和促進持久繁榮的優先事項。