中級口譯之漢譯英模擬題02

Passage 1

I think Chinese businesspeople tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner, as opposed to the more direct style of American businesspeople, who are said to work with the “get-down-to-business-first” mentality. // The Chinese-type management encourages cooperation among employees, between the labor and the management, and gives employees a joy of participation and fulfillment, as well as a sense of pride in their work.// And most Chinese try to find the meaning of life through working in their jobs, and view work as essential for having membership in a community.// The American-type, or the top-down, management emphasizes efficiency, and competition among workers. The American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented. Traditionally, Americans work because it is the will of God, and often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.//

我認爲中國人在商務談判時傾向於使用一種迂迴婉轉的方式，而那些被認爲在工作時具有一 種“公務爲先”的心態的美國人則往往表現出較爲直截了當的作風。// 中國式的管理方式鼓勵員工之間的合作，也鼓勵普通員工和管理人員之間的合作，使員工有一種喜悅的參與感和成就感，使他們對自己的工作產生一種自豪感。// 大多數中國人想從工作中找到生活的意義，他們將工作視爲成爲團體中一份子的必不可缺的條件。//美國式的自下而上的管理方式注重效率，注重員工之間的競爭。美國人的工作觀有較強的個體取向性。美國人一直認爲，工作是秉承了上帝的意志，對工作成果的重視常常高於對工作過程的重視。//
Passage 2

In the short period of six days, we have gone a longer distance than the world-renowned “Long March”. We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.// My wife and I have a special regard and personal friendship for the people of China. Beijing is for us an old and nostalgic home. During our stay here ten years ago we spent a great deal of memorable time with the people here--working, shopping, sightseeing, and touring the city on our bicycles.// Those were happy days. They were good days, important days. We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.// Nonetheless, problems remain in our economic, education and strategic relations. While we are not so naive as to believe that there are no issues of difference between us, I also believe that our differences are greatly overshadowed by issues which bind us and strengthen our relationship.//

在短暫的六天裏，我們的行程超過了舉世聞名的“長征”。在改革開放政策引導下的中國，氣象萬千，充滿活力，不斷進步，這些我們都已強烈的感受到了。//我和我夫人對中國人民懷有一種特殊的敬慕之情和個人友誼。對我們兩人來說，北京是我們思念的故鄉。十年前我們在此生活期間，我們與這裏的人們一起度過了許多難忘的時光—— 我們在這裏工作、購物、觀光、騎自行車逛城。//那是一些令人愉快的日子，一些美好的日子，一些意義重大的日子。我們參與了富有戲劇性的轉變過程，這種轉變使我們重新走到一起，使我們踏上了一條通往建立一種真誠友好的合作關係的道路。//然而，我們在經濟、教育以及戰略關係中仍然存在着問題。一方面，我們不會天真的以爲我們之間不存在分歧，另一方面，我也認爲那些將我們聯繫在一起並且強化我們關係的事務，在很大程度上弱化了我們之間的差異。//Passage 3

The Washington National Cathedral is one of the largest and most famous religious centers in the United States. It belongs to the Episcopal Church. The official name of the building id the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul.// The National Cathedral was built with money from private citizens. The work started in 1907, and the Cathedral was not completely finished until 1990. The first stone was laid in the presence of President Theodore Roosevelt. Every President of the United States since then has attended services or visited the Cathedral.// It looks like many of the great religious centers built in Europe about 800 years ago. The building is shaped like a cross or the letter T. in the center is a bell tower 91 meters high. Two more towers stand at the bottom of the cross.// Two hundred windows are set high in the walls of the National Cathedral. Most are made of many pieces of colored glass. They color the sunlight as it enters the building and spills across the floor. Some windows have flower designs. Others have images from Christian stories or from American heroes.//

華盛頓國家大教堂是美國規模最大、最負盛名的宗教中心之一，隸屬主教派教會。該建築的正式名稱是聖彼得和聖保羅大教堂。//國家大教堂是由私人贊助建造起來的。工程開始於1907年，直到1990年才完全竣工。奠基石是當着當時西奧多·羅斯福總統的面放置的。從那以後的每一任美國總統都參加過這裏舉行的宗教禮儀活動，或參觀過大教堂。//大教堂看起來像歐洲許多建於800年前的宗教大中心，形狀像個“十”字，或像字母T，中間聳立了一座高達91 米的鐘樓，另外兩座塔樓坐落在十字形底部。// 200扇窗戶高高的嵌在國家大教堂的牆上。大多數窗都由多塊彩色玻璃拼成，射入建築內的陽光被彩色玻璃染得五彩繽紛，灑落在大教堂一側的地坪上，有些窗戶有花卉圖案，有些窗的畫面則是一些有關基督教的故事或美國曆史英雄的形象。//
Passage 4

Innovation starts at the top, and it is important for leaders to create an environment where innovation is constant, where people have the skills and incentives to think creatively. In doing so, you attract talents that want to contribute to that environment, creating a virtuous cycle for the company.// Shanghai's leadership has worked hard to create an environment where businesses can succeed. For example, Shanghai's transportation links to the world, including Pudong International Airport and the new deep water port facility, have achieved world-class status// We live in an era where innovation is central to economic growth and prosperity. It is comfortable to hold onto the old ways of doing business. But innovation is hard because it usually leads to change. Innovation requires new ideas, new processes, and new institutions.// New technologies and approaches can radically change an existing market, creating new customers and competitions. But innovation and its accompanying disruption can be managed through good leadership, a long term strategy, and good people. President Hu Jintao stated at the beginning of this year that “Innovation is the core of the nation's competitiveness.”//

創新從領導層開始做起。領導層必須營造一個可以不斷創新的環境，以激勵人們的創新思維。 這樣的環境可以吸引那些樂於創新的人才，從而使公司得到良性發展。// 上海的領導努力爲企業營造可取得成功的環境。例如，浦東國際機場和新的深水港等設施的建立，使上海與世界的交通連接達到了世界級的水平。//我們生活在一個以創新驅動經濟發展和繁榮的時代。墨守成規確實舒服愜意，而改革創新則困難重重，因爲創新往往引發變革。創新需要新思想，新程序和新機制。//新技術和新方法會劇烈的改變現行的市場秩序，既帶來新的公司客戶，也帶來新的競爭對手，但是，如果我們有英明的領導，長期的戰略以及優秀的人才，創新活動及其所伴隨的衝擊是可控的。胡錦濤主席在年初時曾說過：“創新是國家的核心競爭力。”//

Passage 5

What will the role of universities be in this globalized economy? How will they contribute to improving society through innovation that will improve the quality of life and support economic growth? How will they prepare their graduates who will extract the best and explore the greatest in this increasingly complex society?// It is important to remember that undergraduate education and post-graduate education are tightly linked to research. Our education programs should ensure that the students are learning in an atmosphere characterized by the pursuit of new knowledge and process of discovery. An interrelated educational program will create a flow of young, bright and uninhibitedminds to work on the frontier of discovery.// The fundamental mission of a university is the creation of new knowledge which sometimes has immediate practical applications. But that can never be the only goal. And making it a primary goal will frequently be short-sighted. Basic contributions to knowledge should be valued for being exactly that. Our university has an almost unique role in fostering such contribution.// Choosing the right people is the first and perhaps the most crucial step in ensuring an innovative environment. There are three types of people that can be important. The first class of individuals consists of fanciful visionaries. The second class of important people in innovative environment consists of revolutionary explorers. The third class of individuals consists of uninhibited executors.//

在這個經濟全球化的時代背景下，大學將扮演怎樣的角色呢？大學將如何通過旨在提高生活質量、推動經濟發展的創新活動進而推動社會的進步呢？在這個日新月異、充滿變數的社會，大學又將如何培養那些善於取精用弘的學生呢？//我們應該認識到，本科生教育和研究生教育都與研究緊密相連。我們的教育應該爲學生創造一種可以探尋新知識、帶來新發現的氛圍，將教學與研究融合在一起的教育可以培養一批活躍在探索前沿、聰穎開放的青年才俊。//大學最根本的使命就是創造新知識，雖然大學所創造的新知識有時會立即產生實際應用價值，但這決不是大學所追求的唯一目標。將獲取實際應用價值的目標定位大學的主要目標是一種短視行爲。基礎研究也同樣是大學的使命，而且大學在推動基礎研究方面能發揮獨特的作用。//選對人是確保創新型研究環境的首要因素，也是最爲關鍵的因素。選人要選三種人：第一種人是想法活躍的思想家，第二種人是富有革命精神的探索家，第三種人是不受常規約束的實幹家。//