高一英語下冊必記知識點解析
想學好外語，有許多事情要做，學校的課業負擔也很重，如何合理地安排時間呢?在這裏有16個字：化整爲零，集中殲滅，見縫插針，持之以恆。以下是小編給大家整理的高一英語下冊必記知識點解析，希望大家能夠喜歡!
高一英語下冊必記知識點解析1
一. 直接引語和間接引語
(一)直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語;用自己話轉述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改爲間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。
1. 時態的變化：直接引語變爲間接引語時，通常受轉述動詞said,asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態，即把原來的時態向過去推，也就是一般現在時變爲一般過去時，現在進行時變爲過去進行時，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據意義進行相應的變化，例如：
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.
(二)直接引語改爲間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因爲原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其後加上一個間接賓語me,him, her, us等。如：
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引語如果是祈使句，改爲間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變爲帶to的不定式，並在不定式的前面根據原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell,order等動詞，如果祈使句爲否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型爲：ask / tell / order someone (not) to dosomething. 例如：
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
二. 各種時態的被動語態
被動語態概述
被動語態的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執行或被執行關係。主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者，例如：They saw thelittle boy crying by the river. 被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seencrying by the river.
被動語態的構成
被動語態的形式是由“助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞”構成。助動詞be隨着主語的人稱、數、時態等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態的被動語態形式如下：
1. 一般現在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 現在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 現在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞
注意：
1.除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構成被動語態。例如：Their questions haven’t gotanswered.
2. 含有情態動詞的謂語變成被動語態使用“情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞”結構。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等結構的謂語，其被動語態分別用“be going to + be + 過去分詞”和“be to+ be + 過去分詞”。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4.被動語態與系表結構的區別：“連繫動詞+用作表語的過去分詞”構成的系表結構，與被動語態的形式完全一樣，所以應注意它們的區別。被動語態中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調動作;系表結構中的過去分詞相當於形容詞，多強調狀態。前者通常可用by引出動作的執行者，而後者則不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.(被動結構)
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結構)
系表結構中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾，被動語態中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如：
He was very excited.(系表結構)
He was much excited by her words.(被動結構)
5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear,write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won’t shut. 這門關不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
高一英語下冊必記知識點解析2
一、一般過去將來時
1.概念：立足於過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用於賓語從句中。
2.時間狀語：The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本結構：主語+was/were +going to + do+其它;主語+would/should + do+其它
4.否定形式：主語+was/were+not + going to + do; 主語+would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑問句：was或were放於句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他說他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我問，誰要去那裏。
二、 現在進行時
1.概念：表示現階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行爲。
2.時間狀語：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
3.基本結構：主語+be +doing +其它
4.否定形式：主語+be +not +doing+其它
5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放於句首。
6.例句：How are you feeling today?你今天感覺如何?
He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現得很好。
高一英語下冊必記知識點解析3
1. devotes… to doing奉於
2. fight against 對抗，反對，與……作鬥爭
3. selflessly 無私地
4. be free from 免於，不受
5. be in prison 入獄，在獄中服刑
6. the first man to do 第一個…的人
7. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of mylife.
第一次見到他的時候是在我一生中非常艱難的時期。
8. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
他十分慷慨地給予我時間，我爲此非常感激。
9. become out of work. 失業
10. hope that…/to do
11. as soon as I could 儘快， 馬上
12. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we wereless important, or fight the government.
我們被置於這樣一個境地：要麼我們被迫接受低人一等的現實，要麼跟政府作鬥爭。
13. Only 位於句首，修飾狀語從句時，主句採用部分倒裝的語序。
Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.
只有這樣，你才能想出解決這個問題的辦法。
14. as a matter of fact 事實上
15. blow up 爆炸,打氣
16. be equal to 和…平等
17. in trouble 處於困境 遇到麻煩
18. be willing to do sth. 願意，樂於
19. turn to 變成;求助於，藉助於, 翻到，轉向
turn to sb for help 向某人求助
20. lose heart 灰心;泄氣, 喪失勇氣,失去信心
21. escape from 逃脫，逃離，從……逃出
22. should have done 本應做而未做
needn’t have done 本不需要做而做了
can’t have done 過去不可能做過(對過去的否定推測)
must have done 對過去的肯定推測
23. pass the exam. 通過考試
24. be better educated 受到良好教育
25. come to power 執政
26. be proud to do sth. be proud of sth 爲…而自豪
27. set up 創立，建立，架起，建造
The company was set up ten years ago. 公司是十年前建立的。
28. be sentenced to … 被判處……
29. Do you have any thoughts on that 你認爲那怎麼樣?
30. to my understanding 按我的理解 to my opinion
31. be accepted by … 被……錄取、接受
32. die from 死於…(事故等外部原因) die of 死於… (疾病等自身原因)
33. under way 正在進行
34. point of view 觀點
35. compete with… 與……競爭
36. advise v.
advise + n./pron. advise + doing advise sb. to do sth.
advise + that從句(從句的謂語用“should + v原”， should 常省略)
注：與advise用法類似的動詞如forbid,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接動詞作賓語時要用動名詞，但接賓補時後跟不定式。
如：We forbid smoking here.
We forbid you to smoke here.
