四六級翻譯練習及參考答案

翻譯原文：

中國，地球上最吸引人的國家之一，有5000多年的歷史，是目前全球第二大經濟體(the second largest economy)。隨着廣泛的經濟改革，中國正經歷着顯著、快速的變化。1949年以前的中國極端貧困、收入不平衡(incomeinequalities)、國家不安全。由於經濟改革，從1980年開始，人民的生活水平開始提升至基本水平之上。全國人口有了足夠的食物、衣服和住房，普通家庭可以吃得起各種各樣的食物，穿得上時尚的衣服。

參考譯文：

China, one of the most fascinating countries on Earth, has a history of more than 5,000 years and is currently the second largest economy in the world.China is going through a remarkable and rapid change with widespread economic reforms.Before 1949, China was characterized by extreme poverty, income inequalities, and insecurity.Since 1980，thanks to the economic reforms, people's standard of living started to climb beyond the basic level.The general population had adequate food, clothing, and housing, and ordinary families could afford to eat a variety of foods and wear stylish clothing.

翻譯原文：

中國的社會關係是典型的由共同的社交網絡(socialnetwork)組成的社會關係。社交網絡中的個體通過“關係”相連，關係中的情感被稱爲“感情”。中國的社會關係中一個非常重要的概念是“面子”概念，就像其他許多亞洲文化中的一樣。正如中國學術大家費孝通的社會學著作中所寫的那樣，中國人一跟其他社會的人相比一傾向於從社會網絡角度看社會關係。因此，人們的關係以“近”或者“遠”界定，而不是“有”或者“無”。

　參考譯文：

Chinese social relationships are social relationshipstypified by a mutual social network. The individualswithin the social network are connected byguanxi(links) and the feeling within the links is knownby the term ganqing.An important concept withinChinese social relationships is the concept of face,as in many other Asian cultures. As articulated in the sociological works of Chinese leadingacademic Fei Xiaotong, the Chinese，in contrast to people of other societies,tend to seesocial relationships in terms of social networks. Hence, the relationships between people areperceived as being “near” or “far” rather than “in” or “out”.

翻譯原文：

中國是亞洲第—大國，世界第三大國，有着比其他任何國家都多的人口。中國的人口超過十億，這意味着地球上超過五分之一的人都生活在中國。但是，中國有大片區域幾乎沒有人煙，人們可能旅行好幾天都看不到人類生命的跡象。中國的大多數人口生活在東部地區。與其他地區相比，東部人口密集，幾乎所有可已被開墾(under cultivation)。從長江(the Yangtze River)流域往北，直至首都北京的大片區域是中國最大的人口聚居區。

　參考譯文：

As the largest nation in Asia and the third largest inthe world, China has the largest population in theglobe.China has a population of more than onebillion,which means that more than one fifth ofpeople on earth live in China. But vast areas in Chinaare almost deserted, and one can travel for dayswithout seeing signs of human life. Most of the people in China live in the eastern part of thecountry. In contrast to other parts of China, the east has a dense population,and almostevery piece of arable land is under cultivation. The largest compact community of people isin the region that stretches from the north Yangtze River to Beijing,the capital.

翻譯原文：

中國的教育體系是一個由教育部(Ministry of Education)管理的國有公共教育系統。所有公民都必須接受9年義務教育。政府提供六七歲開始的小學教育(primary education),持續6年,緊隨其後的是爲12歲至18歲的孩子準備的六年中學教育。一些省份可能有五年制的小學,但中學則爲六年,一般初中爲三年,高中爲三年。教育部公佈的小學入學率爲99%,初、高中入學率均爲80%。

　參考譯文：

Education system in China is a state-owned systemof public education run by the Ministry ofEducation.All citizens must accept the compulsoryeducation for nine years.The government providesprimary education for six years,starting at age sixor seven, followed by six years of secondaryeducation for ages 12 to 18.Some provinces may have five-year primary school,but six yearsfor secondary school, including three years for middle school and three years for highschool.The Ministry of Education reported a 99 percent enrollment rate for primary school andan 80 percent for both middle and high schools.

翻譯原文：

自從商業航班出現後，對全球旅遊業衝擊最大的莫過於中國旅遊。到2015年，將有1億中國人打包行囊，出境旅遊。2012年，中國超越美國和德國成爲全球最大的國際旅遊消費國，創造了8300萬人在國際旅遊中消費1020億美元的紀錄。韓國有報道說在2013年2月份，中國到訪遊客數量有史以來第一次超過了日本。爲應對這種繁榮，全球旅遊運營商一直不遺餘力地改變他們提供的服務-特別是在酒店方面。

　參考譯文：

Chinese tourism brought about the strongestimpact on the global travel industry since theadvent of commercial flight.By 2015,100 millionChinese will pack their bags to travel abroad. In2012, Chinese overtook Americans and Germans asthe world's top international tourism spenders, with 83 million people spending a record of 102billion on international tourism. South Korea reported that in February, 2013, for the first timeever, Chinese tourists overtook Japanese tourists in terms of arrival number.In response tothe boom,global travel operators have been relentlessly adapting their offerings-hotels inparticular.