8年級下冊英語語法
下面是本站小編整理的8年級下冊英語語法，希望對大家有幫助。
Unit6 Fun Cycling
Topic1 We’re going on a spring field trip
一. 重點詞彙
( 一 ) 詞形轉換:
uss(名詞) discussion n(對應詞) king
ortable(名詞) comfort ly (形容詞) safe (名詞) safety
( 二 ) 詞的辨析
1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on
3. other /else 4. raise /rise
/every ting / excited
(三)重點詞組:
on a visit to 去……旅行
2. make the decision 做決定
g back 帶回
on a field trip 去野外旅行
de on (upon) sth 對某事做出決定
6 see the sunrise 看日出
7. make a reservation 預訂
8. come up with 想出(主意)
9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望
10. pay for 支付;賠償
11. raise money 籌錢
12. book a ticket 訂票
13. make a room for sb 爲……訂房間
14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快
15. in the daytime 在白天
16. a two-day visit 爲期兩天的旅行
out 查出
18. some places of interest 名勝
19. rooms with bathtub 帶浴室的房間
20.a hard (soft) sleeper 硬(軟)臥
pleasure 不客氣
二.重點句型及重點語言點
1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激動人心的消息要告訴你們。
to tell you 是動詞不定式短語， 作定語。動詞不定式作定語時常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之後。如： I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.
2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 聽起來不錯。
3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我們將要去泰山玩兩天。
go on a visit to 去參觀/旅遊 They went to a visit to Egypt last year.
類似有：go on a trip / go on a picnic
a two-day visit 爲期兩天的旅行 a two-month holiday 兩個月的假期
an eighteen-year-old boy 一個18歲的男孩
’s hard to say. 這很難說。To say 是動詞不定式作主語，It 是形式主語。
如： It’s nice to meet you.
5. I’ll ask the airline on the phone. 我將打電話問問航空公司。同義句是：
I’ll phone and ask the airline.
6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we’ll decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明
天把你們查到的信息帶到班上來，然後我們來決定最好的郊遊方式。
bring back 帶回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow.
decide on/upon sth 決定，選定 We’re trying to decide on a school.
’s too far for cycling. 騎自行車去路太遠了。同義句是：It’ too far to cycle there.
long does it take to reach Mount Tai by…?乘……去泰山要花多長時間?
much does it cost to go there ?去那裏要花多少錢?
How much does a standard room cost ? 一個標準間的價格是多少?
have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper.
我們的票價是硬臥120元，軟臥是180元。
at 意爲“以……”，一般用於表示價格，年齡，速度等詞的前面，for 意爲“供，適合於”。I’ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.
11.I’d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要預訂20張硬臥票。
20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets
book tickets 預訂票 book a room for sb/sth 爲……預訂房間
e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我們想預訂一些14號的房間。
se pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 請在下午5：30之前付款。
Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付錢給某人做某事
e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美國的費用.
13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想預訂房間。
make a reservation 預訂
14. We have rooms with a bathtub… 我們有帶浴缸……的房間。
with 有或帶着 a house with a swimming pool
a standard room with two single beds
’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美國的學校裏籌錢是很正常的。raise money 籌錢 We can raise the money ourselves.
costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一個學生花一美元便可買到一張抽獎的票。
(1)each 作主語，謂語用單數 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket.. (2)用於單數名詞前，作定語，謂語用單數。Each student has their own e-mail address.
(3)用於複數主語後，作主語同位語，謂語用複數。They each have their own e-mail address.
17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的來信。
Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving the problem.
三.重點語法
動詞不定式
(1) 動詞不定式常跟這些及物動詞之後，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用順口溜(要想拒絕忘記，需要努力學習，喜歡同意幫助，希望決定開始)
(2) 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me.
(3) 不定式可以和疑問詞who , which ,when, where ,how, what等連用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station.
(4) 本topic出現的句子有：
I have some exciting news to tell you.
I want to make a hotel reservation.
It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.
The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.
I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.
Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.
Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ?
一、重點詞彙：
(一)詞形轉換：
ore(名詞) explore 2. east (形容詞) eastern
h(形容詞) northern 4. push (反義詞) pull
y(形容詞) sad (名詞) sadness 6. crowd (形容詞) crowded
(二)重點詞組:
a plan 擬定計劃
2. make sure 確信，確保
3. come along with 和……一起來
4. at the foot of 在……的腳下
5. be surprised at 對……感到驚奇
6. be satisfied with 對……感到滿意
7. out of sight 看不見
8. step on one’s toes 踩着某人的腳
9. can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
10. spread over 分佈於
out 衝出去
e one’s head 擡頭
sb for help 向某人求助
k goodness 謝天謝地
二. 重點句型及重點語言點
1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.當你在旅行時， 我正忙於準備考試。
(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙於做某事
I’m busy preparing for my birthday party these days.
(2)while 當……時候，引導時間狀語從句。當一個動作在正在進行時，另一個動作也同時進行。While my mother was cooking , I was watching TV.
d you help me plan a trip ? 請你幫我定個旅行計劃好嗎?
Would you 比will you 語氣更加客氣，委婉, 類似還有could you
Could you come along with us ?
3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他們仔細勘測了整個區域，確保這些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背後有羣山環繞。
make sure 確信，確保 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.
’s about two and a half hours by bike. 騎自行車大約要2個半小時。
Two and a half hours = two hours and a half
’s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的東面。
to the +方位詞+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China.
on the +方位詞+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang .
in the +方位詞+of 表示在某一範圍內的地區 Beijing is in the north of China.
walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他們走進定陵，對那裏的奇觀感到很驚奇。
be surprised at 對……感到很驚奇 He is surprised at dragons.
be surprised to do sth 驚奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost.
7.…so they had to look for space to park their bikes 他們不得不尋找停自行車的地方
space 空間 Can you make space for this old man ?
8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
當人羣從四面八方擠來時，有人踩了他的腳。
in one’s direction 朝着某人的方向 step on one’s toes踩了某人的腳
step on sth 踩某物 Don’t step on the flowers and grass.
he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.
當他最後衝出人羣時，他注意到他的兩個朋友都不見了。
notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事
10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
三個男孩一見面，就高興得跳了起來。
as soon as 引導時間狀語從句 意爲“一……就”
He left as soon as he heard the news.
I’ll tell him as soon as I see him.
didn’t raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，他才擡起頭。 not …until 直到……才
were so lovely that we couldn’t help playing with them.
它們太可愛了，我們禁不住和它們一起玩。
can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldn’t help laughing.
13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我對在中國的一切感到滿意。]
be satisfied with 對……感到滿意 He is satisfied with my work.
14.. We even asked the guard for help. 我們甚至向保安尋求幫助。
ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help.
三.重點語法 時間狀語從句
1。引導詞：
(1) when, while , as 當……時候. when 後可跟短暫性動詞也可跟延續性動詞;while 後跟延續性動詞;
as 多用於口語，強調同一時間，或一前一後。
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 學生在教室裏談話時，老師進來了。
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 媽媽總是邊給我們做飯邊唱歌。
(2)not … until 直到……才，主句謂語動詞常用短暫性動詞。
I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
He didn’t sleep until his mother came back home.
(3) after 在……之後，before 在……之前，as soon as 一……就
I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.
2. 時態
(1)當主句爲一般過去時時，從句常用過去的某種時態。
While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang.
(2)當主句的時態爲一般將來時， 從句用一般現在時。
I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
本topic出現的句子有：
e you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.
didn’t raise his head until someone called his name.
e the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
.4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
r they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.
they were exploring happily, the crowd became larger and larger.
Topic3 Bicycles are popular with people
一、重點詞彙：
(一)詞形轉換：
1. death (動詞) die (形容詞 )dead 2 slow (副詞) slowly
sing(動詞)cross 介詞) across 4. success(動詞)succeed (形容詞successful
(形容詞) painful 6. lead (名詞) leader
l (副詞) finally 8impossible (反義詞) possible
9 courage (動詞) encourage
(二)重點詞組:
down 減速
2. run into 撞到
3. avoid doing sth 避免 防止做某事
4. warn sb to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事
5. ride into 進入 躋身於
6 get used to (doing) 習慣於做某事
7. a sharp turn 急轉彎
8. be popular with 受……的歡迎
9. get a fine 處以罰金
10. go on doing sth 繼續做某事
11. the way to success 成功之路
12. obey the traffic rules 遵守交通規則
k the traffic rules 違反交通規則
14. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
famous for 因……聞名
16. be in danger 處於危險中
r a while 一會兒
二. 重點句型及重點語言點
1.I think traffic in Beijing is crazy. 我認爲北京的交通很擁堵。
traffic 是不可數名詞
2. If people obey the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents. 如果人們都遵守交通規則，交通事故將會減少。
If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous and we will get a fine.如果人們違反交通規則，將很危險，我們會受到處罰的。
這是if 引導條件狀語從句，主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時。
3.I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多了。
more confident 是比較級
4. It can help us save energy and avoid pollution. 這樣可以節約能源以及避免空氣污染。 avoid sth / doing sth 避免做某事
You should avoid making the mistake like that.
He ran into the wall to avoid hitting the truck.
cles are popular with people. 自行車深受人們歡迎。
Be popular with 受……歡迎
6 It warns us to be more careful. Warn sb (not)to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事
He warned her to keep silence. Warn sb about sth 提醒某人某事
people think bicycles are much safer than any other vehicle.大部分人認爲自行車比其他交通工具要安全些。
ver, his way to success didn’t go well. 然而，他的成功之路並非一帆風順。
The way to success 成功之路 success in doing sth 在……成功
I didn’t have much success in finding a job. 我找工作沒什麼結果。
the other challenges in his life, Lance faced it head-on. 像面對生命中其他挑戰一樣，蘭斯迎頭面對。
seems impossible to beat him. 打敗他似乎是不可能的。
beat sb 打敗某人 win a game /match/ a gold medal
It seems +adj+to do sth 做某事似乎……
She always seems to be sad.
三.重點語法 條件狀語從句
1.條件狀語從句由if(如果)，unless(除非)等 引導的，謂語動詞常用一般現在時表示將來，主句用一般將來時。
主句 if從句
Will (must, should, may) 一般現在時
如：I won’t go if he doesn’t go .
We will pass the exam if we study hard.
We won’t pass the exam unless we study hard..
2. 祈使句+and/or 引導的結果句，祈使句在意義上相當於條件狀語從句。
如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.=You’ll be late unless you hurry up.
Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
