高一英語語法知識點
英語作爲一種語言,本身就是一個系統,需要靠英語語法來規範,因此學習英語語法是十分必要的。接下來本站小編爲你整理了高一英語語法知識點，一起來看看吧。
下面有一句順口溜"一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新"。"一隨主"是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
"二隨賓"是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱。或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
"第三人稱不更新"是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：
Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
高一英語語法知識點：變句型①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應改爲由that引導的賓語從句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改爲由whether或if引導的賓語從句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven't you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該改爲由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句(賓語從句必須用陳述句語序)。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改爲"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如：
"Don't make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引語如果是以"Let's"開頭的祈使句，變爲間接引語時，通常用"suggest +動句詞(或從句)。"如：
He said, "Let's go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
引述別人的話有兩種方式：一是使用引號引出人家的原話，這叫做直接引語;一是用自己的話把人家的話轉述出來，這叫做間接引語。例如：
John said, "I'm going to London with my father."
約翰說："我要和父親到倫敦去。"(引號內是直接引語)
John said that he was going to London with his father.
約翰說，他要和他父親去倫敦。(賓語從句是間接引語)
高一英語語法知識點：直接引語變爲間接引語1. 直接引語是陳述句時
間接引語爲that引導的賓語從句(口語中that可以省略)，主句的引述動詞主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said , "You are younger than I."-'He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引語是疑問句時
間接引語爲陳述語序：主句的謂語動詞say 改爲ask,或改爲wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
(1) 一般疑問句或反意疑問句變爲if (whether)引導的賓語從句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven't you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
(2) 選擇疑問句變爲 賓語從句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑問句變爲由原來的疑問詞引導的賓語從句。
He asked , "Where do you live?"
→He asked me where I lived.
3.直接引語是祈使句時
間接引語爲不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等動詞的賓語補足語(don't 變爲not ).
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said to him , "Don't leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open.[注意](1) 有些表示建議、提議、勸告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等動詞 加以轉述。例如：
He said, "Let's go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don't you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引語是感嘆句時
間接引語爲what 或how 引導，也可以用that 引導。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5.如果主句謂語動詞爲各種現在時或一般將來時，則間接引語中的動詞仍保持直接引語原來時態。如果主句謂語動詞爲過去時，間接引語中的動詞時態按下列變化：
(1) 一般現在時變爲一般過去時
(2) 現在進行時變爲過去進行時
(3) 一般將來時變爲過去將來時
(4) 現在完成時變爲過去完成時
(5) 一般過去時變爲過去完成時
(6) 過去完成時不變，仍爲過去完成時[注意](1) 如果直接引語是表示客觀真理時，變爲間接引語，一般現在時不改爲一般過去時。如：
The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
(2) 如果直接引語中有明確表示過時間的狀語，變爲間接引語時，一般過去時不改爲過去完成時。如：
He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引語所述事實在當時和目前同樣生效，變爲間接賓語時，一般現在時不改爲一般過去時。如：
He said, "I'm a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引語中的謂語動詞表示一種反覆出現或習慣動作，在變爲間接引時，一般現在時不改爲一般過去時。如：
The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)如果直接引語中含有since, when, while 引導的表示過去時間的狀語從句，在變爲間接引語時，只改變主句中的謂語動詞，從句的一般過去時則不變。如：
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引語中含有情態動詞 must, need, had better以及情態動詞的過去式could, might, should, would,在變爲間接引語時，這些情態動詞沒有時態的改變。例如：
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.
6.代詞等一般地應作用相應的變化。
指示代詞 this ---that
these--- those
表示時間的詞 now --- then
today--- that day
this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc)
yesterday ----the day before
last week(month) --- the week(month) before
three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)before
tomorrow ----the next (following ) day
next week(month)--the next(following)week(month)
表地點的詞 here --there
動詞 bring -- takecome -go
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