巴黎:“女人不得穿褲子”禁令廢除
A 200-year-old law forbidding women to wear trousers in Paris has finally been revoked.
On January 31, Najat Vallaud-Belkacem, France's minister of women's rights, made it officially impossible to arrest a woman for wearing trousers in the French capital.
The law required women to ask police for special permission to "dress as men" in Paris, or risk being taken into custody.
In 1892 and 1909 the rule was amended to allow women to wear trousers, "if the woman is holding a bicycle handlebar or the reins of a horse."
The law was kept in place until now, despite repeated attempts to repeal it, in part because officials said the unenforced rule was not a priority, and part of French "legal archaeology."
In July however, in a public request directed at Ms Vallaud-Belkacem, Alain Houpert, a senator and member of the conservative UMP party, said the "symbolic importance" of the law "could injure our modern sensibilities," and he asked the minister to repeal it.
Ms Vallaud-Belkacem agreed, and in a published statement on Jan. 31st wrote: "This ordinance is incompatible with the principles of equality between women and men, which are listed in the Constitution, and in France's European commitments.
"From that incompatibility follows the implicit abrogation of the ordinance."
The restriction focused on Paris because French Revolutionary rebels in the capital said they wore trousers, as opposed to the knee-breeches, or the "culottes," of the bourgeoisie, in what was coined the "sans-culottes" movement. Women rebels in the movement demanded the right to wear trousers as well, but were forbidden to do so.法國近日正式廢除了已有200多年曆史的禁止女性穿褲子的法律。
1月31日，法國婦女權利部部長娜雅・瓦洛・貝爾卡桑正式宣佈不得在法國首都巴黎逮捕因穿褲子而被視爲違法的女性。
這項法律規定任何想要“像男人那樣穿褲子”的巴黎女性必須獲得當地警察批准，否則有可能會被拘留。
1892年和1909年，當局對這條法律進行了修改，規定“女性在騎自行車或騎馬時”可以穿褲子。
儘管曾數次有人試圖廢除這項法律，但都未能成功，部分原因是政府官員認爲這項法律實際並未執行，不需要優先處理，而且這也是法國“法律考古”的一部分。
但2012年7月，參議員兼人民運動聯盟保守黨成員艾倫•胡佩特在一項遞給娜雅・瓦洛・貝爾卡桑的公開申請中表示，這項法律的“象徵意義”可能會“削弱我們的現代意識”，並請求部長撤銷此項法律。
娜雅・瓦洛・貝爾卡桑同意了他的訴求，並在今年1月31日的公開聲明中表示：“法國的憲法及法國對歐洲的承諾書中明確列有男女平等的原則，而這項法令違反了男女平等原則”。
“據此我們應廢除此條法令。”
這項禁令之所以針對巴黎是由於法國大革命期間巴黎的革命者進行的“無套褲漢”運動，他們身穿褲子，與穿馬褲（也稱爲裙褲）的資產階級形成對照。這次運動中的女性革命者也要求穿褲子，但卻被禁止這麼做。
