託福獨立寫作審錯題怎麼辦
託福的獨立寫作審題很重要，稍不注意就會丟分，現在小編給大家分享幾個審題的小技巧。
託福獨立寫作你真的“審”對題了嗎
1. 確認寫作話題關鍵詞(Identify the Topic Words)
每個寫作題目都會包含一個比較“泛”的話題，託福獨立作文中常見的話題包括教育學習類、生活休閒類、工作類、科技類、政府類、環境類等。
接下來我們先看看TPO 45獨立作文這個話題。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
In the past, young peopledepended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today youngpeople are better able to make decisions about their own lives.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
以上這個寫作任務涉及的 “大話題” 是現在的年輕人做決定 (youngpeople make decisions)。但是如果僅僅寫現在的年輕人自己作決定有什麼好處，肯定不能很好地滿足上述評分標準的第一條要求(effectively address the topic and task)。
我們繼續看第二個分析點：
2. 識別微話題關鍵詞 (Identify Micro-topic Words)
這種類型的詞一般是用來細化這個比較“泛”的話題題目，確定具體的寫作方向，反映出評分員具體希望從考生的文章中看到的內容，因此它們一般會包含一種觀點立場或者是題目論述的修飾成分。下面再來看看TPO 45的獨立作文題目。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
In the past, young peopledepended too much on their parents to make decisions for them;todayyoung people are better able to make decisions about their own lives.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
在這個題目中，微話題關鍵詞是 “are better able to”(更有能力)以及“about their own lives” (與自己人生有關)，如果各位考生沒有找準這兩個細化的關鍵詞，很容易將文章方向寫偏，因此，我們說寫作文的時候要以微話題關鍵詞爲出發點。
3. 識別題目指引詞 (Identify Instruction Words)
相信我們大部分同學都知道獨立作文的題目提問類型有：同意與否、二選一(個人偏好)、三選一(最值)。下面以三個TPO 獨立作文的題目爲例分析具體的寫作指引。
TPO 45
Do you agree ordisagree with the following statement?
In the past, young peopledepended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today youngpeople are better able to make decisions about their own lives.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
以上的題目是典型的“Agree or Disagree”類型，要求考生表達自己對於題目論述的看法，並加入具體的原因和例子去作爲支撐。按照以上分析思路，如果各位考生選擇同意題目立場，就需要去想導致現在的年輕人更有能力做與自己人生有關的決定的原因。
TPO 44
Some people believe that when busy parents do not havea lot of time to spend with their children, the best use of that time is tohave fun playing games or sports. Others believe that it is best to use thattime doing things together that are related to schoolwork. Which of the two approaches do you prefer?
Usespecific reasons and examples to support your answer.
以上的題目是典型的“personal preference”(二選一)類型，要求考生從題目描述的兩種選擇中挑一種，並加入具體的原因和例子去作爲支撐。按照以上分析思路，如果各位考生選擇同意題目第一種觀點，就需要去想爲什麼工作忙的家長要將有限的空閒時間用來陪孩子玩遊戲或者做運動。
TPO 43
imagine that you are in a classroom ora meeting. The teacher or the meeting leader says something incorrect. In youropinion, which of the following is the best thing to do?
1) Interrupt and correct the mistake right away
2) Wait until the class or meeting is over and the people are gone, and thentalk to the teacher or meeting leader
3) Say nothing
Use specificreasons and examples to support your answer.
以上的題目是典型的 “三選一” 類型，要求考生從題目中列舉的三種選擇挑一種，並加入具體的原因和例子去作爲支撐。按照以上分析思路，如果各位考生選擇立場2)，就需要去想爲什麼要等到下課或者會後人都離場了纔去和老師或領導說。
託福獨立寫作如何避免跑題
獨立寫作
1. 熟悉可能涉及的話題。
可用official guide提供的185個topics，或去下載題庫，然後反覆閱讀題目。
185個topics從寫作模式上分可分爲：
解釋現象類：(如解釋一下爲什麼現代人的壽命比以前的長)
對立觀點類：
給出兩個對立的事物或者一個事物對立的兩個方面，要求考生支持一方並進行說明(如
Some people tend to study a subject in a very intensive way over a short
period of time, while others tend to study a subject constantly over a long
period of time. What do you think is a better way of learning? Explain
why.);
或給出兩個對立事物或一個事物對立的兩個方面，要求考生說明二者爲什麼不同或比較它們的優缺點，並給出理由(Some people like different friends. Other likes similar friends. Compare the advantages of these two kinds of friends. Which kind of friend do you prefer? Explain why.)
185個topics從內容上可分爲：
學習類：(如自學還是跟老師學，學廣還是學精)
工作類：(如在大公司還是小公司)
生活類：(如食品烹飪便捷是否提高生活質量，如喜歡在家裏吃飯還是在餐廳吃飯)
電視電影類：(如電視電影疏遠了家人的情感，你是否同意)
消費類：(如花在娛樂上，還是事業上)
環境類：(如政府投入環保的力度是否應該大於投入經濟發展的力度)
古老建築類：(如是否應該保留老建築)
成功類：(如成功的衡量標準是金錢和榮耀，你的看法如何)
性格類：(如聰明的朋友比幽默的朋友重要，你是否同意)
2. 形成自己的答案資源庫。
熟悉了寫作題目之後，就要準備自己的答案資源庫了。
自己的資源庫要包括：同一類題目的通用觀點，有針對性的例證(不一定都要背名人典故，可以從自身取材，自給自足)。這些內容都是要自己去深思，需要有人點撥，才能形成一個清晰的構架和寫作流程的。我的習慣就是羊毛出在羊身上，來源於彼，還原於彼。
3. 線性思維，總——分——總。
在新託福寫作中，用這總分總種思維最容易獲得高分，所以你要在平時的練習中一定要注意寫作的結構。託福作文應該寫成三個層次，也就是我們確立了中心思想後應該找到三條理由來支持。託福作文五段論：第一段爲中心思想段;二、三、四段爲支持段落;最後一段爲總結段落。其實這個東西並不是絕對的，有自己的思想內容來決定，因此八股文的形式還是要隱晦些。
4. 模仿幾個拽句子。
拽句子不用很多，點綴其中，添彩即可。模仿的句子來源，可以是閱讀中的複雜句式，先分析長句子的語義功能：它在文章中起了什麼作用，是總結，是過渡，是舉例，還是因果?那麼我在用到總結的語句時，是不是能偷天換日地用上這樣的句式?用上幾次之後，這些句子就會變得簡單熟悉了。
托福考試：託福獨立寫作審題問題詳解
案例1：誤解原意思
Do you agree or disagree: Because people are busy with doing so many things, they can do few things well?
Original：
Some people may hold the view that they are able to do things well even if they are busy with doing so many things simultaneously or during a given period. Although plausible at the first glance, I disagree with the statement. Depending on my own personal experience and personality, I firmly maintain that people can do few things well when they are busy with doing so many things. My arguments of this opinion are listed as follows.
解析：
文章第一句話不是對原題目意思進行解釋，而是採用採取了和原意思相反的做法來進行題目詮釋;第二句表明自己對誤解題目的觀點;第三句話對自己的觀點進行近一步的解釋;第四句一個過渡性的句子。開篇內容安排倒是很好，但是作者犯了誤解原題目意思的錯誤導致後面整個文字都做了無用功。
Revised：
When people are engaged in a large extent of work simultaneously, they will not be able to perform all of them perfectly. Just imagine how terrible it will be: too many jobs need to be done by the same person in a given time. Once such a picture appears in my mind, I feel dizzy. To me, it is impossible to do everything well with the limited energy and many others factors efore , I agree with the statement too many things to be done at the same time cause few to be well done . The reasons are as follow.
Revised：
第一句話對原題目意思進行了很好的詮釋;第二、三句話進一步解釋原題目;第四句話提出自己的觀點;第五句話過渡性句子引起下文。
案例2 ：語言羅嗦，繞彎子給出自己觀點，浪費時間
Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible. Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time. Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
original：
With the development of science and technology, people’s living standard has been improving day by day. According to the family plan, one couple could have only one child. So child becomes the center of the whole family. Some of them are even spoiled. Therefore, I think it is better if the young adult could live independent from their parents as soon as possible.
解析：
這個開頭看似沒有任何問題，但是仔細分析就會發現很多問題。首先，作者繞了個大彎纔給出自己的觀點。其次，觀點是對原題目的抄寫，改動的比較少。最後，開篇缺少引起下文的過渡句。更大的錯誤是這個開頭更像是一個全文主要觀點的一個分論點。
Revised:
As we all know, some young adults have the sense of independence in a special period so that they want to choose to live apart from their family, while others still choose to stay with parents in the family. Family can provide young adults a warm bay where he or she could turn to whenever any problems arise. However, considering the sound development of the young adult both mentally and physically, I think to live independently the earlier, the better. Independence is a lesson that each of us must face one day. The detailed reasons are listed below.
解析：
第一句話詮釋原題目意思;第二句話進一步解釋第一句話;第三句話提出自己的觀點;第四句話解釋自己的觀點，引出下文。
託福獨立寫作開篇第一段是整個文章的主機調，這個部分如果出現問題整個文章就會黯然失色。
