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　　課外閲讀1

Which Chinese university produces the most billionaires? Which university boasts the mostoutstanding schoolfellow? For years, it has been a tight race between Tsinghua University andPeking University, with the ladder always maintaining a slight edge.

國內哪所大學造就的億萬富豪校友最多?誰又是培養傑出校友最多的高校?在這個問題上，很多年來清華大學和北京大學都難分勝負，而通常北大略佔優勢。

However, according to a new list of billionaire alumni from Chinese universities, releasedMonday by Chinese University Alumnus Association, Tsinghua University has finally gained anupper hand. The school boasted 84 billionaires in 30 years since the reform and opening upwith a combined worth of 300 billion yuan (US$47.45 billion), surpassing Peking University forthe first time.

然而，中國校友會網週一發佈的《2012中國大學傑出校友排行榜》顯示，自改革開放30多年來，清華大學培養和造就了84名億萬富豪校友，校友財富合計近3000億元，首次超越北大成為中國造富大學排行榜冠軍。

Nonetheless, alumni from Peking University maintain a solid lead in terms of prestige. Theschool topped the list of 2012 Distinguished Alumni, producing 456 distinguished politicians, academic talents and businessmen since 1952. Tsinghua University ranked second with 292.

儘管如此，以校友名望論，北京大學的地位依舊不可動搖。《2012中國大學傑出校友排行榜》總榜單仍是北京大學居首，1952年(含)以後畢業於北京大學的政學商界傑出人才最多，有456人。其次是清華大學，有292人，名列第二。

A total of 8,000 distinguished people participated in the survey, including over 1,400 politicians, over 3,600 scholars and over 2,600 business leaders.

這次新公佈的榜單共調研了我國各領域傑出人才合計近8000人。其中，政界傑出人才1400多人，學界傑出人才3600多人，此外還有商界傑出人才2600多人。

The list also shows off Chinese universities' abilities in creating wealthy individuals. Amongmore than 800 Chinese billionaires with top educational backgrounds, Tsinghua University's 84 surpassed Peking University's 82. The combined worth of the billionaires on the list is 4.5 trillionyuan (US$711.7 billion).

該榜單同時顯示了中國大學的“造富職能”。2011年上榜的擁有高等教育背景的億萬富豪有800多人，財富合計約4.5萬億元。其中，清華大學培養和造就的億萬富豪校友最多，有84名;北京大學有82人，名列第二。

Zhao Deguo, editor in chief of the alumni association said billionaire rankings by Forbesmagazine, Hurun list and New Fortune magazine between 1999 and 2011 listed over 1,580 people with higher education backgrounds, accounting for 61 percent of all listed billionaires.

據中國校友會網總編趙德國介紹，在1999至2011年間福布斯、胡潤、新財富等中國富豪榜上榜的億萬富豪中，擁有高等教育背景的“知本富豪”有1580多人，約佔全部億萬富豪總數的61%。

Zhao said that talent cultivation has gotten on the right track since China re-established thecollege entrance examination system in 1977. Under the environment of respecting knowledgeand talents in 1978, capable individuals have consistently stood out from the rest. Accordingto the new list, many who participated in those exams have become the salt of the earth inscientific fields.

據趙德國介紹，1977年，我國恢復了高考制度，高等院校的人才培養工作重新走上正軌。特別是自1978年以來，在“尊重知識、尊重人才”的大環境下，優秀人才不斷湧現。這次的排行榜顯示，1977年恢復高考後的幾屆考生已成為或正在成長為我國科技領域的中流砥柱。

　　課外閲讀2

According to a report released by Institute of Education Tsinghua University, Chinese collegesand universities lag far behind in the fields of academic challenge, cooperative learninginitiative, student-teacher interaction, and so on, when compared to U.S. researchuniversities, China Youth Daily reported.

據《中國青年報》報道，清華大學教育研究院發佈報告稱，同美國研究型大學相比，我國高校在學業挑戰度、主動合作學習水平和師生互動等方面，均存在較大差距。

The survey collected over 20,000 samples from 23 undergraduate institutes in China. Based onthese data, three quarters of Chinese students have never discussed scores or assignments withtheir lecturers (whereas in same-level U.S. institutions, this applies to about 7% of students); half of the Chinese students have never talked about their career plans and thoughts with theirteachers (the rate in same-level U.S. institutions is about 21%); 35.6% of the students havenever got timely feedback on their academic performance from teachers (in same-level U.S. institutions, this rate is about 7%).

該課題從全國23所本科院校收集兩萬多份調查樣本，數據顯示，有四分之三的中國學生從未和任課老師討論分數和作業(美國同類院校約7%);有一半的學生從未與老師討論自己的職業計劃和想法(美國同類院校約21%);有35.6%的學生的學習表現從未得到老師及時的反饋(美國同類院校約7%)。

The report puts forward that the traditional concept of a teacher's authority exerts muchinfluence on the interaction between teachers and students.

報告分析稱，傳統的師道尊嚴觀念使教師高高在上，影響到師生互動。

The survey also shows that when asked about "whether they put forward questions orparticipate in discussions in class", more than one fifth of Chinese students answered with "never" (in same-level U.S. institutions, this goes for only 3% of students), only one tenth ofChinese students chose to answer with "often" or "very often" (in same-level U.S. institutions, this rate is about 63%).

調查數據還表明，我國高校在“課上提問或參與討論”題項上，有超過五分之一的學生選擇“從未”(美國同類院校只有3%)，只有十分之一的學生選擇“經常”或“很經常”(美國同類院校約63%)。