獨立主格與獨立成分的異同（一）

1.當分詞已轉化為介詞或連詞，此時也無需考慮主謂一致的問題。如：
considering/ given(that)…考慮到… supposing/provided/providing(that) 假設/使…，等等。
Supposing you are wrong, what will you do then?
假設你錯了，你接下來會做什麼？ ( supposing為連詞，也可用suppose)
Supposing it should rain, we would still go.
即使下雨，我們還是會去。(虛擬)
I’ll go fishing provided (that) it is fine tomorrow.
如果明天天氣好的話我就去釣魚。
Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job.
考慮到他們沒有經驗，這工作已做的很不錯了。（given為介詞，“考慮到”）
Considering that Frank did not have the potential to do the important work well, the boss fired him.鑑於弗蘭克沒有潛力把那件重要的工作做好，老闆解僱了他。
2.有些固定短語是帶to的不定式，表明説話人的立場或態度，在句中作獨立成分。
這些短語有：to be honest（老實説），to be sure (確實)， to be true (真的),
to tell (you) the truth (説實話)， to cut a long story short （長話短説），to be frank (with you) （坦率地説），to make matters / things worse （更糟糕的是），to begin with(首先),
to be exact(確切地説), to do him justice (公平對待，儘量利用) 等等。
①To tell you the truth, I made a mistake in the word spelling.
説實話，我犯了一個拼寫錯誤。
②To tell the truth, the play was a great disappointment to me.
我對這個劇非常失望。
③To make things worse, many of the men have gone off to cities in search of higher pay, leaving women from nearby villages to carry on with the work.
情況更糟的是，許多男人都去城市找工資較高的工作，而留下附近村莊的婦女來繼續承擔修復工作。
The car burns more fuel, but ___ all things into consideration, it’s still a good car.
A. taken B. having taken C. taking D. to take
答案解析：選D，獨立成分作狀語。
這輛汽車耗油量較大，但是綜合整體情況來看，它仍不失為一部好車。