大赦国际批评他国企业出口刑具

China is not only the global manufacturing base for thousands of everyday household items, it is also the source of most of the world’s torture instruments, from spiked clubs and electric stun batons to weighted leg cuffs.

中国不仅是成千上万种日常家居用品的全球制造基地，也是世界各地大多数刑具（从带刺警棍、电警棍到加重脚镣）的产地。

China’s manufacture and export of “intrinsically cruel, inhuman and degrading” law enforcement equipment has surged in the past decade, according to a report published on Tuesday by Amnesty International.

大赦国际(Amnesty International)周二发表的一份报告称，过去10年里，中国制造和出口的“残忍、不人道和有辱人格性质”的执法装备猛增。

The number of Chinese companies producing such equipment, much of it banned in the EU and condemned by the UN, has more than quadrupled to 130 in the past decade, the report said.

报告称，生产此类装备的中国企业数量在过去10年里增加了3倍以上，至130家。这些装备有很多是欧盟(EU)禁止的，并受到联合国(UN)谴责。

Many of the worst items, including thumb cuffs and rigid restraint chairs known as “tiger benches” in Chinese, are exported to countries with poor human rights records in Africa and southeast Asia.

许多最残忍的产品，包括拇指铐和在中文里被称为“老虎凳”的刚性约束椅，远销人权纪录糟糕的非洲和东南亚国家。

“This trade – which causes immense suffering – is flourishing because the Chinese authorities have done nothing to stop companies supplying these sickening devices for export or to prevent policing equipment falling into the hands of known human rights abusers,” said Patrick Wilcken, security trade and human rights researcher at Amnesty.

“这项造成巨大痛苦的贸易正在蓬勃发展，是因为中国当局没有采取任何措施阻止企业出口这些令人作呕的装备，或防止警务装备落入已知的人权侵犯者手中，”大赦国际安保产品贸易和人权研究员帕特里克•维尔肯(Patrick Wilcken)表示。

Torture by police and law enforcement officials in China itself is well-documented and many of the items singled out by Amnesty are used extensively in the country.

中国本身的警察和执法官员动用酷刑的行为已得到大量记载，大赦国际提到的许多刑具在中国都有广泛使用。

Although China’s top authorities have vowed to stop the use of torture to extract confessions, the practice remains widespread.

虽然中国最高当局誓言停止刑讯逼供，但在实践中这种做法仍相当普遍。

In its report, Amnesty said China is the only country to manufacture spiked batons, which are “specifically designed as implements of torture”.

大赦国际的报告称，中国是制造带刺警棍的唯一国家，这些警棍是“专为施加酷刑而设计的工具”。

It identified seven companies that openly advertise these batons for export and said they have been used by police in Cambodia and exported to security forces in Nepal and Thailand.

报告指认了7家公开面向出口市场做广告宣传这些警棍的企业，并称这些产品已被柬埔寨的警察使用，并向尼泊尔和泰国的军警出口。

Chinese-made electric shock batons, often used to torture detainees in China’s notorious and recently abolished reform through labour detention camps, are sold to several countries in Africa, according to the report.

报告称，在中国不久前被废止的臭名昭著的劳教营常用来折磨在押人员的中国产电警棍，行销非洲多个国家。

Many of the Chinese companies identified in the report are state-owned or have deep ties to the government or domestic security services.

报告指认的许多中国企业是国有企业，或是与政府或国内安全保卫部门关系很深的企业。

Amnesty also criticised the UK for hosting arms fairs in London and other parts of the country where illegal Chinese equipment is advertised.

大赦国际还批评英国在伦敦和国内其他地方举办让中国企业宣传非法装备的军火展览会。

The group has documented several cases where banned equipment such as electric shock stun guns, batons and leg cuffs has been on display at these events.

该组织列举了数个案例，说明被禁止的装备（如电击眩晕枪、警棍和脚镣）曾在此类展会上展出。

“The UK government has never prosecuted any company for illegally peddling torture equipment at UK arms fairs, despite numerous repeat offences dating back over a decade,” said Oliver Sprague, Amnesty’s arms programme director.

“英国政府从未对任何在英国军火展上非法兜售刑具的企业提起公诉，尽管过去10年里一再出现此类违法行为，”大赦国际军火项目主任奥利弗•斯普拉格(Oliver Sprague)表示。

“The UK’s public rhetoric is that it has the strongest laws to ban this trade, but its actions so far have demonstrated the complete opposite. We want assurances that this is the end of the UK playing the dirty role of matchmaker between trader and torturer.”

“英国官方的公开说辞是，英国拥有禁止这项贸易的最强大法律，但迄今它的行动证明实际情况完全相反。我们希望英国保证自己不再扮演贸易商与刑讯者之间撮合者的肮脏角色。”