騙的了大人卻騙不過小孩的視覺錯覺

Which is the bigger circle?

所以，哪個圓更大？

You may have encountered the Ebbinghaus illusion before when learning about relative size perception. Named after the man who discovered it, German psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus, the illusion itself became very popular at the start of the last century.

在你瞭解視覺大小知覺的概念時，你也許要先接觸下艾賓斯浩錯覺。艾賓斯浩錯覺以其發現者德國心理學家赫爾曼艾賓斯浩命名。在上世紀初，這個理論風靡一時。

But why aren't children tricked by it?

為什麼兒童不容易出現視覺錯誤？

A recent study done by Martin Doherty, from the University of Stirling's Department of Psychology revealed the results.

來自斯特靈大學心理系的馬丁多爾蒂最近的研究顯示出兒童被艾賓斯浩錯覺誤導的機率要小的多。

The experiment use one hundred and fifty-one children between the ages of four and ten, and 24 adults between the ages of 18 and 25.

實驗物件是151位4-10歲的兒童以及24位18-25歲的成人。

They were shown images very similar to the ones above, with a two to 18 per cent size difference.

他們看到的圖形與上面提到的相同，但是大小相差2%-18%。

When asked if they were the same size, the children demonstrated an ability to discern the sizes of the circles, in spite of the confusing 'context' (i.e. being surrounded by other circles of different sizes).

而關於這些圓的大小的問題，儘管存在錯覺背景（即被大小不同的圓環繞），兒童卻能辨認圓圈的大小。

Adults were tricked by misleading context, but children under the age of seven nearly always correctly identified the size of the orange circle .

而成年人卻總是被誤導資訊欺騙，但是7歲以下的兒童卻總是能正確地識別出圓的大小。

It is thought this is because adults' brains take into account the visual context - so, in the instance of the Ebbinghaus illusion, shapes surrounding other shapes. But in children, it takes time for them to develop this ability which ultimately makes them better at this illusion than us, as they the shapes and their sizes for what they are.

這樣的現象被歸因於成年人的大腦考慮了視覺背景，即在艾賓斯浩錯覺中被誘導圓包圍的測驗圓。而艾賓斯浩錯覺中的大小對比不是人腦與生俱來的屬性，而是在後期發展中形成的。因此，當背景提供誤導資訊時，兒童比成人更準確地判斷圓圈的大小。