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　　課外閱讀1

Yue Lin used to leave the dormitory door wideopen, especially as summer approached. But now he has to keep reminding himself and hisroommates to close the door.

嶽林(音譯)過去常常讓寢室的門大開著，尤其是在夏日來臨時。但如今他不得不時刻提醒自己和室友隨手關門了。

“Somebody lost a laptop just two dormitories down from ours,” says the 22-year-old junior atHainan University. “We are just being cautious.”

“與我們相隔一屋的那間寢室，有人丟了檯筆記本電腦，”就讀於海南大學大三年級、22歲的嶽林說：“我們還是要小心為好。”

He has every reason to be. According to Legal Daily, of all campus crimes reported nationwide, 80 percent are thefts. “Most thefts on campus happen in dormitories,” reported the newspaperlast week. Dormitory safety becomes even more of an issue on the verge of graduation season, so students had better stay sharp.

當然他完全有理由這樣做。據《法制日報》報道，在全國範圍內接到的校園犯罪案報案中，有80%是盜竊。上週該報報道稱，“大多數校園盜竊發生在宿舍中。”臨近畢業季，寢室安全問題變得尤為突出，所以同學們最好保持警惕。

Rampant theft

盜竊猖獗

According to Haikou police, dormitory theft has been “rampant” in the last two months. InMarch alone, a dozen laptops were stolen at Hainan University, Hainan Medical College lost 11 laptops, and Hainan Normal University reported the loss of seven laptops and a camera.

據海口警方稱，過去兩個月，寢室盜竊現象十分猖獗。僅三月份，海南大學就有十二臺膝上型電腦失竊、海南醫學院共失竊了十一臺膝上型電腦、海南師範大學則報失了七臺膝上型電腦和一部相機。

Li Wei, police chief of Meilan district in Haikou, says that the concentration of valuable itemsin student dormitories makes them a primary target for criminal gangs.

海口市公安局美蘭分局局長李偉說，學生寢室中貴重物品較為集中，因此成為犯罪團伙的主要目標。

“For thieves, students, who often let their guard down, are easy prey,” says Li.

“對於小偷來說，學生人群往往警惕性較低，十分容易得手。”李局長說。

Yue and his peers often leave their laptop on the desk and dormitory door ajar when chattingwith friends in another dormitory or grabbing a snack outside. Yue says he is among amajority of students who don’t recognize the potential risk of living a “careless” life in theirdormitory.

嶽林和室友們常常把膝上型電腦放在桌上，門半掩著，就去別的寢室聊天或者出去吃東西了。嶽林說，自己和許多大學生一樣，並未意識到這樣“粗心大意”的寢室生活會埋下隱患。

“We live in our dormitory as we live at home,” says Yue. “We don’t see any danger. But fromnow on I think we should stay alert.”

“我們在寢室裡就像在家一樣，”嶽林說。“完全沒有意識到危險。但從現在開始，我想我們都應該保持警覺了。”

According to Tong Weihua, a law professor at Hainan University, it’s not only students thatshould be cautious. Colleges themselves need to introduce more security measures tominimize the potential risks.

海南大學法學院教授童偉華表示，需要提高警惕的不僅僅是學生，各高校也需要進一步採取保護措施來將這些安全風險降至最低。

“Dormitory management at some colleges is chaotic – people just come and go without theiridentity being checked,” says Tong. “Colleges can lower the risks significantly by includingsafety systems in the management of dormitories.”

“一些高校的寢室管理混亂——訪客無需查證身份便可自由出入，”童教授說。“各高校可以採用宿管安全系統來有效降低風險。”

Fire threat

火災隱患

The loss of property is negligible compared to the life-threatening danger of a fire.

比起致命的火災，財物損失簡直微不足道。

Recently, Yin Jiachen, 20, a sophomore at the Beijing Institute of Technology, returned to herdormitory to smell burning plastic in the room. In the jumble of wires connecting computers, smartphones, and other electric appliances, Yin discovered that the cable for a water boiler wassmoldering.

近日，北京理工大學大二學生、20歲的尹佳辰(音譯)回到宿舍後便聞到了一股塑料燒焦的味道。在一堆雜亂的電腦、手機和其他電子裝置的電源線中，尹佳辰發現一根電熱水壺的電線正在冒煙。

“I was in shock for a minute before I realized that I had to cut off the electricity in the room,” says Yin. “If I had come back only a bit later, the room could have been on fire.”

“我吃了一驚，然後才意識到要先切斷室內電源，”尹佳辰說。“我要是回來得再晚一點，沒準寢室就要失火了。”

Preventing fires has been the top safety priority in dormitories for years, but it’s still thebiggest hazard. Over weekend, fires erupted at dormitories in Bejiing, Ningbo and Wuhan, localnewspapers reported.

儘管多年來，預防火災一直是寢室安全問題的重中之重，但其仍是最大的寢室安全隱患。據各地報紙報道，僅僅一個週末，北京、寧波、武漢等地就發生了多起寢室火災。

Apart from suggesting that students avoid using heaters and similar appliances in theirdormitory, many colleges are increasing the electricity load to prevent short circuits fromhappening.

除了建議學生不要在寢室中使用電熱壺這類的電器外之外，許多高校都在提高用電負荷以避免短路現象的發生。

“Colleges across Zhejiang province started upgrading dormitory facilities last year, such asinstalling air conditioners and heaters,” says Jin Chen from the Student Affairs Office atZhejiang University. “This means students don’t need to buy heaters or other appliances thatpose a safety risk.”

“去年，浙江各大高校開始全面改造寢室設施，比如安裝空調和暖氣。”來自浙江大學學生處的金辰(音譯)說。“此舉意味著學生無需去買電暖氣等存在安全隱患的電器了。”

　　課外閱讀2

For many students in the UK today, deciding whether or not to go to university can be as muchabout affordability as it is about ambition and aspiration.

對於今天英國的許多學生來說，決定是不是去上大學已經不僅僅關乎抱負與渴望，能不能上得起也是他們做出決定的重要因素。

In times gone by, students in the UK could apply to a university or college safe in theknowledge that, even if they came from a low income family, their tuition fees and some of theirliving(or maintenance) costs would be covered by a local authority grant. A universityeducation was, in a financial sense, open to all and the number of students attending universitygrew year on year.

過去，英國的學生可以申請大學，並且確信即使自己來自低收入家庭，學費和一部分生活費也可以由當地的政府部門撥款發放津貼解決。大學教育，從學費角度而言是對所有學生開放的，因此踏入大學校門的學生也逐年增多。

Sadly, it seems, those days are long gone. The turning point came in 1998, when the LabourGovernment introduced tuition fees of ￡1,000 a year and, instead of giving students amaintenance grant, asked them to cover their own living expenses with a repayable studentloan. Only students on the lowest incomes were entitled to a grant.

遺憾的是，那些日子一去不復返了。轉折點發生在1998年，工黨政府開始推行每年需繳1,000英鎊大學學費的政策，並且不再向學生髮放生活津貼，而是讓他們通過需要償還的學生貸款來解決生活費問題。只有來自最低收入家庭的學生才有資格得到補助。

The flood gates had been opened. As time passed, the ceiling on tuition fees rose, andalthough applicants from Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales still qualified for varying levelsof subsidy, by 2009/10 students in England often found themselves facing tuition fees inexcess of ￡3,000 a year.

這類政策一旦推行就會愈演愈烈。隨著時間的推移，學費的上限也水漲船高，儘管來自蘇格蘭、北愛爾蘭和威爾士的一些學生仍然夠資格申請不同程度的補貼，但到了2009/10年度，英格蘭的學生通常都要面臨每年超過3,000英鎊的學費支出。

But the biggest change was still to come. In 2011 the Government announced that, from 2012, universities could charge fees of up to ￡9,000 a year. Although the Governmentsweetened the pill by stating that postgraduates did not have to begin repaying their studentloans until they were earning more than ￡21,000 a year, the news created outrage. Manystudents argued that it was unfair that students should have to begin their work life saddledwith huge debt, while others complained that the changes would bring back a class divide touniversity education. These views were reflected in the number of students applying for auniversity place, which by January 2012 fell by more than 22,000. The Universities Minister, David Willetts, stood by the decision to increase tuition fees, saying that they would not “putuniversities’ finance on a sustainable footing” and facilitate “a stronger focus on high qualityteaching.”

但是更大的鉅變還沒有到來。到了2011年，政府宣佈從2012年起，允許大學收取高至9,000英鎊/年的學費。儘管政府為這一做法找的說辭是研究生可以在每年收入21,000英鎊以前，不必償還學生貸款，但這個訊息還是觸發了眾怒。一些學生認為這種政策很不公平，會令他們剛剛開始工作就背上沉重的債務負擔，還有學生認為這一政策會在加劇大學期間學生間的階級分化現象。這些觀點也在大學申請人數上反映了出來，到2012年1月，英國申請大學的人數下降了22,000人。英國高等教育大臣大衛?威列茨支援政府提高學費的決定，並稱他們不會“把大學財政建立在學生可以付得起的基礎上”，而是要全力促進大學“對於教學質量的關注”。