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教研課堂:英語語法之主語從句

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上一期教研課堂向大家介紹了英語語法從句體系,本期語法講解將爲大家重點介紹主語從句,先來回顧從句的體系吧。

教研課堂:英語語法之主語從句

上期文章中,我們已經知道,從句由名詞性從句,形容詞性從句和副詞性從句三大句型構成。同時,我們還了解到名詞從句的構成:

那麼,名詞從句中的四個分支句型,具體又是怎樣應用的呢?在接下來的教研課堂中,我們將帶領大家逐一揭開他們的神祕面紗。本期文章就讓我們一起走進主語從句吧!

主語從句(Subject Clause)

主語從句,顧名思義,就是從句做主語。主語從句主要分爲三類:

1. that引導的主語從句

“that”引導的主語從句可以放在句首,例如:

(1)That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.
海洋被過度捕撈,許多年來已經是人盡皆知的事情了。

但更爲常見的是:用it作形式主語放在句首,that主語從句放在句末。

常見的主語從句的句型有:

a. It+be動詞+過去分詞+that從句

例如:

(2)As a child — and as an adult as well— Bill Gates was untidy. It has been said that in order to counteract this, Mary drew up weekly clothing plans for him.
童年時期,以及即使長大後,比爾·蓋茨也不修邊幅。據說爲了改掉他的這個毛病,瑪麗爲他制定了一週着裝計劃。

(3)It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education.
在美國人們普遍認爲,學校是人們接受教育的場所。

b.It+be動詞+形容詞+that從句

例如:

(4)Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously.
幸好白宮已經注意到全球變暖的問題。但是很顯然,總統周圍大多數顧問仍然沒有認真對待該問題。

(5)It is necessary that we should master a foreign language.
我們很有必要掌握一門外語。

c. It +be動詞+名詞短語+that從句

例如:

(6)It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
事實證明,如果把工廠的機器漆成橘黃色而不是黑色或灰色,工人就會幹得更勤奮、更出色,事故也會更少。

(7)It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
一個衆所周知的事實是,一個單身漢若是非常有錢,那麼他一定想要找個妻子。

c. It+不及物動詞+that從句

通篇瀏覽下來,你會發現“it作形式主語放在句首,that主語從句放在句末”這樣的句式還是很豐富地,他們的用法你能區別開嗎? 做個練習試試看吧!

1. _____ hard water does not mix well with soap.
A. That is a well-known fact B. That is a well-known fact in which
C. It is a well-known fact that D. It is a well-known that
答案:C
解析:本題考查主語從句“It is+名詞+that”
譯文:衆所周知,硬水和肥皂不能較好地融合。

2. _____ I have made no arrangements to deal with such cases.
A. It appear that B. That appears C. They appear that D. It appears that
答案:D
解析:本題考查主語從句。
譯文:似乎我並沒有被安排處理這類案件。

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