新冠病毒疫情相關備考重點詞彙，你都背起來了嗎？
一、專有名詞
1、新型冠狀病毒肺炎
COVID-19
The World Health Organization (WHO) on Tuesday gave the official name for the illness caused by the latest novel coronavirus as COVID-19.
世界衛生組織週二將新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎命名爲“COVID-19”。
2、咽拭子
throat swab
Initially the sampling masks will be tested on patients with other respiratory infections and the results will then be compared to throat swab results.
最初，這些採樣口罩將針對其他呼吸道感染疾病的患者進行試驗，檢測結果將與咽拭子檢測結果進行比對。
3、疫苗研發
vaccine research and development
We should speed up the existing vaccine research and development while closely tracking the progress of related research overseas and deepening cooperation.
要加快推進已有的多種技術路線疫苗研發，同時密切跟蹤國外研發進展，加強合作。
4、核酸 nucleic acid
抗原 Antigen
抗體 Antibody
China has launched new programs to develop test products for COVID-19, including more sensitive and rapid detection kits for nucleic acid,antigen and antibody testing.
中國已啓動新一批檢測試劑研發項目，其中包括針對核酸、抗原、抗體檢測。
5、納米薄膜
nanomaterial membrane
Last month, companies in Guangdong, Beijing and Shanghai reported that they were producing a new type of face mask by using nanomaterial membrane, rather than the typical melt-blown fabric, to filter bacteria, viruses and other pathogens.
上個月，廣東省、北京市以及上海市上報稱正在生產一種新型口罩，這款口罩使用的材料不是傳統的熔噴無紡布，而是用納米薄膜材料來過濾細菌、病毒以及其他病原菌。
6、臨牀表現
clinical manifestation
What are the clinical manifestations of someone infected with a novel coronavirus（COVID-19）?
感染新型冠狀病毒的患者臨牀表現有哪些?
7、典型症狀和體徵
typical signs and symptom
As of 20 February 2020 and based on 55924 laboratory confirmed cases, typical signs and symptoms include:
fever(87.9%); dry cough (67.7%); fatigue (38.1%); sputum production (33.4%); shortness of breath (18.6%); sore throat (13.9%); headache (13.6%); myalgia or arthralgia(14.8%); chills (11.4%); nausea or vomiting (5.0%); nasal congestion (4.8%); diarrhea(3.7%); hemoptysis (0.9%); conjunctival congestion (0.8%).
截止2020年2月20日55924例實驗室確診病例中，典型症狀和體徵包括：
發熱(87.9%)；乾咳(67.7%)；乏力(38.1%)；咳痰(33.4%)；氣短(18.6%)；咽痛(13.9%)；頭痛(13.6%)；肌痛或關節痛(14.8%)；寒戰(11.4%)；噁心或嘔吐(5.0%)；鼻塞(4.8%)；腹瀉(3.7%)；咳血(0.9%)；結膜充血(0.8%)。
8、治癒率
recovery rate
A substantial foundation has been laid to further increase the recovery rate and reduce the fatality rate.
這爲進一步提高治癒率、降低病死率打下了堅實的基礎。
9、病死率
casefatality rate（CFR）
The casefatality rate （CFR） remained stable after an initial 2.3 percent recorded at the beginning of the outbreak, said Jiao Yahui with the National Health Commission at a daily press briefing on the epidemic.
國家衛健委醫政醫管局副局長焦雅輝在發佈會上表示，全國的病死率在疫情初期的時候是2.3%，目前基本上是穩定的
10、潛伏期
incubation period
Zhong Nanshan, leader of the high-level expert group of the National Health and Medical Commission, who issued a preprint article on medRxiv with his group on Saturday, saying the incubation period for the virus could be as long as 24 days, 10 longer than previously thought.
國家衛健委高級別專家組組長組長鍾南山院士，迴應了近日媒體報道“鍾南山的最新論文發現新冠肺炎潛伏期最長可達24天，比預想要長10天”的問題
11、確診病例 confirmed case
疑似病例 suspected case
Chinese health authority said it received reports of 202 new confirmed cases of novel coronavirus infection and 42 deaths and 141 new suspected cases on March 1st on the Chinese mainland.
國家衛生健康委員會宣佈，3月1日報告新增確診病例202例，新增死亡病例42例，新增疑似病例141例。
12、人傳人
transmitfrom person to person/ human-to-human transmission
The cases by human-to-human transmission were found in Wuhan City and Guangdong Province.
武漢市和廣東省均發現人傳人病例。
13、傳播途徑
routes of transmission
The meeting stressed continuing to concentrate strength and resources on epidemic prevention and control in Hubei and Wuhan to contain the source of infection and cut off the routes of transmission.
會議強調，要繼續集中力量和資源，全面加強湖北省和武漢市疫情防控。切實控制傳染源、切斷傳播途徑。
14、交叉感染
cross-infection
Therefore, extending the heating time can not only improve citizens' living conditions at home, but also reduce the risk of colds and cross-infection when they go to the hospital.
因此，適當延長供熱時間既可以改善市民的居家生活條件，又可以減少因停熱導致着涼感冒和前往醫院就診時交叉感染的風險。
15、方艙醫院
mobile cabin hospital
Wuhan authorities announced plans on 4th February to build eight more mobile cabin hospitals to treat infected patients suffering from mild symptoms of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19).
2月4日，武漢官方宣佈計劃再建8座“方艙醫院”，專門收治新型冠狀病毒肺炎感染的輕症患者。
二、決策部署
1、最吃勁的關鍵時期
a crucial stage at home
As the fight has come to a crucial stage at home, all in China are strictly on guard against rebounding of COVID-19 cases.
當前，中國新冠肺炎疫情防控處於最吃勁的關鍵時期，各地都在繼續嚴防死守，防止疫情反彈。
2、疫情防控形勢持續向好
the epidemic prevention and control situation has seen steady improvement
After the whole country's arduous efforts, a positive trend has emerged as the epidemic prevention and control situation has seen steady improvement and the resumption of the order of work and life has been accelerating.
經過全國上下艱苦努力，當前已初步呈現疫情防控形勢持續向好、生產生活秩序加快恢復的態勢。
3、抗擊疫情第一線
front line of the battle against the epidemic
Resources for treatment, prevention and protection must be sent to the front line of the battle against the epidemic and priority should be given to meet the needs of frontline medical staff and patients.
堅決把救治資源和防護資源集中到抗擊疫情第一線，優先滿足一線醫護人員和救治病人需要。
4、差異化精準防控策略
precise and differentiated strategies in the prevention and control
On Feb. 24th, Chinese authorities stressed formulating precise and differentiated strategies in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic.
2月24日，中國政府強調，要在新型冠狀病毒疫情的預防和控制過程中制定差異化精準防控策略。
5、公開、透明、高度負責的態度
open, transparent and highly responsible manner
Since the epidemic broke out, China, in an open, transparent and highly responsible manner, has been actively engaged in international cooperation for epidemic prevention and control by sharing latest information with countries and regions including Pacific island countries and responding to concerns of all sides so as to jointly safeguard regional and international public health security.
新冠肺炎疫情發生後，中方本着公開、透明和高度負責的態度，及時向包括太平洋島國在內的有關國家和地區通報信息，迴應各方關切，加強同國際社會疫情防控合作，共同維護地區和全球的公共衛生安全。
6、醫療保障制度
medical insurance system
The Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and the State Council on Mar. 5th unveiled a guideline on deepening reforms on the country's medical insurance system.
中共中央、國務院3月5日發佈關於深化醫療保障制度改革的意見。
三、防控防治
1、防控措施
prevention and control measure
We will work relentlessly to implement every prevention and control measure to consolidate current results.
我們將毫不鬆懈地嚴格落實各項防控措施，繼續鞏固已經取得的成效。
2、入境人員檢查
immigration inspection
In order to prevent infection by travelers entering China, Beijing Capital International Airport has opened a special area for flight arrivals andimmigration inspections from countries severely hit by the epidemic.
爲防範境外疫情輸入，首都機場已開闢專門區域，用於來自疫情嚴重國家的航班停靠和入境人員檢查。
3、居家隔離
home quarantine
A student was later confirmed on March 7 to be infected with COVID-19 and his school was closed. De Sousa accepted the home quarantine order issued by health authorities.
3月7日，參加當天活動的一名學生被確診患有新冠肺炎，其所在的學校也已關閉。索德薩隨後接受了該國衛生部門的建議，開始進行居家隔離。
4、健康碼
health QR code
Via a mobile app, residents of Hubei will be granted health QR codes of different colors.
湖北省居民可通過手機程序獲得不同顏色的健康碼。
5、在線教學活動
online education activity
According to a set of guidelines recently issued by the Ministry of Education, colleges and universities are required to organize online education activities by making full use of all quality online resource platforms for online course teaching and online experiment.
根據教育部近日發佈的一系列指導意見，高校應充分利用優質在線課程教學資源和實驗資源平臺，開展在線教學活動。
6、對口支援
pairing assistance
A new round of "pairing assistance" has been launched, with 19 provinces mobilized to alleviate pressure on cities in Hubei province hit by the novel coronavirus.
新一輪對口支援將統籌安排19個省份，以緩解新型冠狀病毒疫情爆發對湖北各市的壓力。
7、復工復產
resumption of work and production
On Feb. 23rd, he stressed orderly resumption of work and production, with specific requirements made to that end.
2月23日，他強調全國應有序復工復產，並對此作出具體要求。
8、預約進站制度
reservation system at subway station
The reservation system at subway stations is aimed at reducing the waiting time for passengers and providing them with a better riding experience, according to the Beijing Subway.
北京地鐵表示，預約制度旨在縮短乘客等待時間，提升出行體驗。
四、其他
1、新冠肺炎疫情高風險地區
high-risk regions of novel coronavirus(COVID-19) infection
Elderly care institutions in high-risk regions of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection should suspend elderly people and staff from entering the facilities, according to a guideline issued by China's Ministry of Civil Affairs on Feb.25th.
中國民政部2月25日發佈的指南要求，新型冠狀病毒感染的高危地區的老年護理機構應當執行老年人和工作人員只出不進制度。
2、境外輸入新冠肺炎病例
Imported cases of NCP
Cities including Beijing, Shenzhen and Zhongwei in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region have seen imported cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia.
北京、深圳和寧夏回族自治區中衛市等地已發現境外輸入新冠肺炎病例。
3、公共衛生安全
public health security
We commend the statements made by the Philippine, Singaporean and Thai foreign ministers. The China-ASEAN special foreign ministers' meeting on COVID-19 held in Vientiane, Laos last week was the first multilateral foreign ministers' meeting for regional countries to focus on public health security.
我們對菲律賓、新加坡、泰國等國外長的表態表示讚賞。上週在老撾萬象舉行中國—東盟關於新冠肺炎問題特別外長會，這是疫情發生後，地區國家首次聚焦公共衛生安全的多邊外長會。
4、一線醫護人員
medical personnel on the frontline
He said that key supplies for medical personnel on the frontlines to fight against the novel coronavirus epidemic in Central China's Hubei Province are guaranteed, and the supplies of living materials are basically abundant.
他表示，一線醫護人員所需的重點醫療物資能夠得到保障，生活物資供應基本上是充裕的。
5、定點醫療機構
designated hospital
The number of designated hospitals has increased to more than 40 in Wuhan, the epicenter of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, local authorities said.
武漢市當局表示，武漢全市所有定點醫療機構已超過40家。
