英語短文改錯題探祕及時態用法：一般現在時
中學英語涉及到的時態一共有16種，下面給大家準備了一般現在時的用法說明，希望對大家複習備考有幫助。
高中英語十六種時態用法詳解之一般現在時
一、一般現在時表現在
1. 表示現在經常性或習慣性的動作。如：
My sister wears glasses. 我妹妹戴眼鏡。
He often goes to the cinema. 他經常去看電影。
【注】詢問某人的習慣時，有時還可用ever。如：
“Do you ever eat meat?” “No, I never eat meat.”“你吃肉嗎?”“從不吃肉。”
2. 表示現在(或經常性)的情況或狀態。如：
Mother is ill. 母親病了。
He is always like that. 他總是那樣。
He likes living in the country. 他喜歡住在鄉下。
We need a lot of money. 我們需要一大筆錢。
3. 表示現在的能力、特徵、職業等。如：
He sings well. 他唱歌唱得好。
Mr. Smith teaches French. 史密斯先生教法語。
4. 表示客觀真理、科學事實、格言以及不受時間限制的客觀存在。如：
Summer follows spring. 春去夏來。
Knowledge is power. 知識就是力量。
The earth turns around the sun. 地球繞着太陽轉。
二、一般現在時表將來
1. 當主句爲將來時態或表示將來意義時，時間和條件的狀語從句必須用一般現在時表將來。如：
I’ll write to her when I have time. 我有空會給她寫信。
Turn off the lights before you leave. 走前關燈。
If we hurry, we may catch the bus. 如果趕緊走我們可能趕得上公共汽車。
Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 遇到困難請告訴我。
【注】① 除表示時間和條件的狀語從句外，表示讓步、相似、比例的從句也必須用一般現在時表示將來。如：
I’ll follow him wherever he goes. 他去哪兒，我就跟着去哪兒。
Whatever you say, I won’t pay. 無論你說什麼，我都不會付錢。
Whether we help him or not, he will fail. 無論我們幫他與否，他都會失敗。
I’ll have a good time whether I win or lose. 贏也好，輸也好，我都將會玩好。
The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多就會越胖。
② 另外，當主句爲用將來時態時，定語從句也通常用一般現在時表將來。如：
I’ll give you anything you ask for. 你要什麼我都給你。
You can have anything I find. 我找到的任何東西你都可以拿去。
Everyone who comes first will get a present. 每個先來的人都可得到一份禮物。
2. 按照英語習慣，一個句子中若主要動詞已經表明了所談論動作的時間，那麼與之相關的其他動詞就不必再次指明同一時間，而往往使用一個比較簡單的時態，如用一般現在時表示一般將來時等。比較。如：
This discovery means that we will spend less on food.這一發現意味着我們將減少在食品上的花費。
This discovery will mean that we spend less on food. 這一發現意味着我們將減少在食品上的花費。
3. 在make sure(弄清楚)，make certain(弄清楚)，take care(注意，當心)，be careful(注意，當心)，mind(注意)，watch(注意)等後的that從句中通常也只用一般現在時表示將來意義。如：
Take care that it does not occur again. 注意別再發生這樣的事。
We must take care that no one sees us. 我們必須注意別讓人看見我們。
Make sure you come back soon. 你要保證快點回來。
Be careful that you don’t hurt her feelings. 當心別傷了她的感情。
Watch that the baby doesn’t go near the heater. 注意別讓寶寶接近加熱器。
Mind you read the examination questions carefully before you begin to answer them. 在答題前要注意仔細閱讀考題。
技巧總結：英語短文改錯題探祕
1. 動詞時態
每年都有時態錯誤的小題，而且改動基本集中在一般過去時與一般現在時之間。時態的更改要以上下文的主體時態爲依據。
(1)(2003全國卷)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was... 84. read
(and連接並列謂語)
(2)(2004江蘇卷)At once I apologize and controlled myself... 83. apologized
(and連接並列謂語)
(3)(2004全國卷) Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class,... 82. talk
(根據sometimes可判斷此句爲一般現在時)
(4)(2005全國卷Ⅱ)I will write again and send you the photos we take together. 85. took
(把照片寄給你，應該是已經拍好的，用過去時)
(5)(2005全國卷Ⅰ) There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. One of them was that they can earn money. 77. is
(從上下文判斷，應該是現在時，謂語用is)
(6)(2005江蘇卷)We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. 76. kept
(and連接並列謂語)
2. 名詞單複數
單複數互改是高考英語改錯題的基本題型之一，改動的依據有：一是根據名詞前的修飾限定成份;二是根據上下文的邏輯關係。
(1)(2003全國卷)Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85. words
(是把word改爲words 還是把were改爲was，根據名詞前的修飾限定詞their來決定。)
(2)(2004江蘇)that was a dinner we had waited for several month. 85. months
(several修飾複數名詞)
(3)(2004全國卷Ⅰ) a few minute on the Internet. 77. minutes
(a few修飾複數名詞)
(4)(2005全國卷Ⅱ)But one and a half year later. 79. years
(one and a half意思爲一年半，故判斷此處year應爲複數形式)
(5)(2005全國卷Ⅰ)There are advantage for students to work... 76. advantages
(從there are 判斷應該用名詞複數)
3. 句子結構
句子結構方面的錯誤範圍龐大，解答高考英語改錯題主要可以從以下幾方面來思考：1)句子結構是否完整，成份是否冗缺;2)單詞的詞性與其在句中的功能是否相符;3)主謂一致;4)複合句中連接主句和從句的關係詞或引導詞的運用是否得當等。
(1)(2004 全國卷)I won’t be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. 78. because/as
(複合句中連接主句和從句的關係詞運用不當)
(2)(2004 全國卷Ⅱ) I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. 81. why
(複合句中連接主句和從句的關係詞運用不當)
(3)(2005全國卷Ⅰ)For the most part, students working to earn money for their own use. 78. work
(缺謂語動詞)
(4)(2005全國卷Ⅰ)Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything if they like. 79. allows
(主語是動名詞短語Earning their own money，謂語應該用單數)
(5)(2005江蘇卷)But the most wonderful thing about Jack were his musical ability. 84. was
(主語是第三人稱單數)
4. 贅述
高考英語改錯題中的贅述是指在一些固定表達中或從上下文邏輯來看用了多餘的詞，從而使句子表達不合規範或造成邏輯上的重複。
(1)(2003全國卷80)I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 80. should
(並列謂語，should多餘)
(2)(2004 全國卷)Can you tell me about what I should do? 85. about
(tell sb about/of sth或tell sb接從句)
(3)(2004重慶卷)I had to look up to the same word many times, ... 78. to
(look up a word查字典)
(4)(2005全國卷Ⅰ)Some students may also to save up for their college or future use. 84. to
(情態動詞may後接動詞原形)
(5)(2005江蘇卷) But for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability. 83. for
(but是連詞for是介詞，不能並列)
5. 固定結構(固定句型、固定短語、固定搭配)
所謂固定結構是指英語中一些不能隨意更改的習慣表達。如固定短語中的詞不能缺，固定搭配要前後一致等。
(1)(2003全國卷81)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was ... 81. talking
(enjoy doing爲固定短語)
(2)(2004 全國卷Ⅰ)I am sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. 79. at
(laugh at sb. 固定短語)
(3)(2004 浙江卷)from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world. 82. with
(provide ... with爲固定短語)
(4)(2005全國卷Ⅱ)I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 76. for
(thank sb for sth)
(5)(2005全國卷Ⅰ) or for permission to do things by money. 83. with
(with money)
