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雅思聽力同義替換點解析

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爲了幫助大家備考雅思聽力,提高聽力成績,下面小編給大家帶來雅思聽力同義替換點解析,希望對大家有所幫助!

雅思聽力同義替換點解析

雅思聽力同義替換點解析

雅思聽力千變萬化,讓同學們糾結其變化根源。之前我們一起看過同義替換的兩種模式:解釋說明以及部分整體。但是除此之外,大家會發現有時候詞彙的變化讓我們摸不着頭腦,比如說,同樣一個單詞increase,有時候替換爲improve,有時候替換爲better,一不留神就會過去,毫無印象。想要掌握同義替換,就要透過表面尋找規律,通過規律再把握本質。今天我們一起來看同義替換的另外幾種模式。

(一) 詞性變化

一般來說,詞性的變化也屬於同義替換的一種,大致分爲兩種,一種爲簡單的詞性變

如manage= management; beautiful= beauty等。

如圖1中C6T2S3的25題中managing the classroom= classroom management. 如圖2中C11T1S1的6題可以看出,arrange entry= arrangement of entry.從兩題可以看出,伴隨着manage詞性的變化,所填答案詞的位置也發生了變化,所以同學們遇到此種類型的題目時,應該在預判階段時刻注意。

(二) 修飾結構

修飾結構,顧名思義,表修飾的成分,比如形容詞,比如定語從句。那修飾結構應該如何同義替換呢?同學們記住兩個詞語:前置或後置。那是什麼意思呢?我們還是用雅思聽力真題來分析。

如圖1中C12T5S4所示, tasks的修飾成分爲 that are unnecessary,此種情況之下,便會變化爲unnecessary tasks,如圖2中C11T2S1中people who are disabled可以同義替換成disabled students. 大家可以從這兩個例題中找到規律,一般來說,當預判答案詞爲形容詞並且在定語從句中時,答案詞會前置到先行詞的前面。

通過四個例題的分析,今天我們一起學習了兩種同義替換的模式:詞性變化和修飾結構的變化。這兩種同義替換的應用一般是在預判時,注意點爲答案詞位置的變化。如果預判時大家沒有注意到詞性以及位置的變化,就會很容易漏聽。

雅思聽力同義詞替換集錦

常見同義詞替換:

1、培養:Develop, cultivate, foster

2、優勢:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength

3、缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness

4、解決:Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle

5、損害:Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize

6、給與:Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford

7、使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle

8、重要的:Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative

9、認爲:Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced

10、保護:Protect, conserve, preserve

11、確保:Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge

12、有害的:Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental

13、要求:Request, demand, needs, requisition

14、消除:Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away

15、導致:Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate

16、因此:So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this

17、增長至:Grow to, rise to, increase to, go up to, climb to, ascend to, jump to, shoot to

18、降低至:Dip to, fall to, decline to, decrease to, drop to, go down to, reduce to, slump to, descend to, sink to, slide to

19、保持穩定:Level out, do not change, remain stable, remain still, remain steady, be stable, maintain the same level, remain unchanged, be still, remain the same level, stay constant, keep at the same level, level off, stabilize, keep its stability, even out

20、急劇地:Dramatically, drastically, sharply, hugely, enormously, steeply, substantially, considerably, significantly, markedly, surprisingly, strikingly, radically, remarkably, vastly, noticeably

21、平穩地:Steadily, smoothly, slightly, slowly, marginally, gradually, moderately, mildly

22、發展:Development, advance, progress

23、有益的:Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous

24、影響:Influence, impact, effect

25、對比而言:By contrast, in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely

26、展示:Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe

27、明顯的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear

28、佔:Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose

29、與…相比:Compared with, compared to, in comparison with, in comparison to, by comparison with, by comparison to

30、大約:Approximately, almost, about, around, nearly, roughly

31、波動:Fluctuate, go ups and downs, display a fluctuation, demonstrate a fluctuation

32、事實上:Practically, in practice, essentially, in essence, in reality, in effect, in fact, as a matter of fact, it is a fact that

33、換言之:Namely, that is to say, in other words, to put it like this, to put it differently, to put it from another way, to put it from another angle

雅思聽力技巧:同義替換

Firstly, 數字替換。數字是必考點,除了聽寫以外也會有同義替換的情況出現。

其中一種類型是表示比例的數字替換

例如:劍五test1section4 40題 When investing in stocks and shares, it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in______.

錄音原文:it is usually advised that at least 70% of a person’s savings should be in low-risk investments.

題中的a high proportion(一個很高的比例) 在錄音中被替換成了70%,這是結合語境得出的同義替換,如果老師在單詞表中給你70%=a high proportion,你一定覺得莫名其妙。因此要想更靈活的掌握同義替換,一定要結合語境,靈活掌握並不斷積累。

數字替換的另一種常見類型:句子解釋數詞

例如:25-31 January

錄音原文 they’ve put it at the end of the month.

日期區間1月25號到31號被描述成月末

Secondly,解釋型替換。即用句子來解釋詞或短語的情況。這種同義替換需要同學們對句子有整體理解,對聽句子和語法能力要求高一些,如果僅能聽到或理解一部分詞,將很難應對。

例如:劍十test2section2 12題

What is unusual about Brackenside pool?

原文內容:such as a recycling system – the only one of its kind in the world…

題幹中unusual(與衆不同的)在原文中被描述成世界唯一,屬於句子解釋單詞的情況。

當然,也會出現名詞的解釋型替換

例如:劍四test3section2 14題

Where does Circus Romano perform?

A in a theatre

B in a tent

C in a stadium

錄音原文:which is really like a canvas portable building, usually put up in a green space or car park. 通常被搭建在綠地或停車場的帆布材質的便攜建築。

通過句子翻譯,描述的就是帳篷。所以此題選B

Lastly,反義替換。也相當於正話反說,屬於同義替換中特殊的一種,可以用中文舉個簡單的例子,比如老師說:同學,你需要再胖一點兒。那麼其實我的意思就是你太瘦了。在劍橋真題中也有很多類似的說法

例如:劍四test4section3 28題

Experiment 2 _boring_

錄音原文:The experiment needs to be more interesting and active.

這個實驗需要變得更生動有趣一些,實際是覺得實驗很無聊,等同於boring。

劍九test1section4 39題

1994 dolphin stranding – only the ___leader____ was ill

原文內容: Apart from the leader, all the others had been healthy 除了頭領,其他海豚都是健康的。意思就是頭領病了。所以此空填leader

雅思聽力技巧之識別聽力陷阱

1.出爾反爾或無中生有

這兩個陷阱一般會同時出現。

舉個例子來說,well,I think thefifteenth of December will be the best time. But thereare exams on thesixteenth, so how about tenth? 在這段錄音材料中,我們可以明顯看到了出爾反爾。遇到這樣的陷阱,重點要關注停頓以及轉折詞,往往在這樣的情況下會出爾反爾,而無中生有則是錄音中並沒有提到,但是因爲學生沒太聽懂,所以就不能判斷了。

2.氣候地理問題

這類題對於中國的烤鴨們來說,問題還是比較明顯的。

舉個例子來說,有一段關於sharks in Australia的錄音,其中有一句話說From Decemberto February;提問這時候是什麼季節。大部分烤鴨們毫不猶豫地就選擇了winter,,那麼就又掉入了出題者的陷阱中,澳大利亞的季節正相反:夏天是從十二月到二月。

3.同義替換

同義替換是雅思聽力中的一個難點和重點,各種題型中都會出現替換。同義替換包括詞替換,詞組替換,主被動替換以及加減關係的替換。

a.詞替換:指簡單意義上的兩個詞語的替換,如錄音中說的是pressure,但在題幹中出現的卻是stress。

b.詞組替換:如把regard…as替換成consider…as。

c.主被動替換:如把Population shift has causedthe pressure替換成Thepressurehas been caused by population shift。

d.加減關係的替換:加減關係的替換是同義替換中比較複雜的一種替換方式。

4.主客觀混淆

很多烤鴨對這個陷阱不是非常敏感,常常在不知不覺中就把答案寫錯了。在做雅思聽力題的時候一定要看清題幹,看要求回答的到底是主觀還是客觀的情況。

5.補充選項

很多烤鴨們對補充選項陷阱瞭解很少。補充選項是指部分答案已經出現,但是還有一部分答案在後面出現,需要補充在前面的答案中。

舉個例子,Parisis a city of fashion and another city is New York.補充選項也是一個比較難判斷的陷阱,但是有一些標誌詞可以幫助烤鴨判斷這題會不會出現補充選項。

這些標誌詞是:another/other/ like /similar /the same…as…/also/too.一旦出現這些標誌詞,烤鴨們就要小心標誌詞附近的信息點,判斷其能否作爲補充選項。

6.次序混亂

次序混亂是指錄音中說話順序和題幹順序不同,在一般表格題和多項選擇題同時出現的section中出現的機率很大,這時候就要烤鴨們在第一時間預測和判斷,再採用次序混亂的解題方法。