機械專業英語文章中英文對照
作爲應用型人才培養的全日制機械工程專業學位研究生,除了具有紮實的理論基礎以外,還需要滿足機械行業的實際工作需求。下面小編整理了中英文對照機械專業英語文章，希望大家喜歡!
公差系統
A system of tolerances is necessary to allow for the variations in accuracy that are bound tooccur during manufacture, and still provide for interchangeability and correct function of thepart.
爲了允許在製造過程中必然會發生的精度變化 並提供零件的互換性和正確功能 一個公差系統是必需的。
A tolerance is the difference in a dimension in order to allow for unavoidable imperfections inworkmanship. The tolerance range will depend on the accuracy of the manufacturingorganisation, the machining process and the magnitude of the dimension.
公差是爲了允許工藝上不可避免缺陷而存在的尺寸上的不同。公差範圍取決於製造機構的精度、機加工過程和尺寸的量值。
The greater the tolerance range, the cheaper the manufacturing process. A bilateral toleranceis one where the tolerance range is disposed on both sides of the nominal dimension. Aunilateral tolerance is one where the tolerance zone is on one side only of the nominaldimension, in which case the nominal dimension may form one of the limits.
公差範圍越大 則製造過程的成本就越低。雙向公差是在公稱尺寸兩側都有公差帶的公差。單向公差是僅在公稱尺寸一側有公差帶的公差 在這種情況下公稱尺寸成了兩個極限中的一個。
Limits are the extreme dimensions of the tolerance zone. For example, nominal dimension30mm
極限是公差帶的極限尺寸。例如公稱尺寸30毫米
Fits depend on the relationship between the tolerance zones of two mating parts, and may bebroadly classified into a clearance fit with positive allowance, a transition fit where theallowance may be either positive or negative (clearance or interference), an interference fitwhere the allowance is always negative.
配合取決於兩配合零件公差帶之間的關係 並且可以概括地分爲具有正允差的間隙配合 允差可以是正或負的過渡配合和總是負允差的過盈配合。
經典中英文對照機械專業英語文章Type of Limits and Fits
極限和配合的類型
The ISO System of Limits and Fits, widely used in a number of leading metric countries, is considerably more complex than the ANSI system.
在一些最主要採用公制的國家中廣泛使用的ISO的極限和配合系統，比ANSI的極限和配合系統要複雜得多。
In this system, each part has a basic size. Each limit of size of a part, high and low, is defined by its deviation from the basic size, the magnitude and sign being obtained by subtracting the basic size from the limit in question. The difference between the two limits of size of a part is called the tolerance, an absolute amount without sign.
在這個系統中，每個零件都有基本尺寸。零件尺寸的每一極限，不管大小，都通過對基本尺寸的偏差來定義，其量值和符號由正被討論的極限減去基本尺寸得到。零件尺寸的兩個極限之差稱爲公差，這是一個沒有符號的絕對量值。
There are three classes of fits: 1) clearance fits, 2) transition fits (the assembly may have either clearance or interference), and 3) interference fits.
存在三種配合 1)間隙配合2)過渡配合(裝配後可以有間隙或過盈)和3)過盈配合。
Either a shaft-basis system or a hole-basis system may be used. For any given basic size, a range of tolerances and deviations may be specified with respect to the line of zero deviation, called the zero line.
基軸制或基孔制均可採用。對任何給定的基本尺寸，公差範圍和偏差可以相對於被稱爲零線的零偏差線來確定。
The tolerance is a function of the basic size and is designated by a number symbol, called the grade—thus the tolerance grade.
公差是基本尺寸的函數 並通過一個被稱爲等級的數字符號標明—即公差等級。
The position of the tolerance with respect to the zero line also a function of the basic size—is indicated by a letter symbol (or two letters), a capital letter for holes and a lowercase letter for shafts. Thus the specification for a hole and shaft having a basic size of 45 mm might be 45H8/g7.
公差相對於零線的位置同樣爲基本尺寸的函數通過一個或兩個字母符號表達，大寫字母表示孔而小寫字母表示軸。這樣基本尺寸爲45毫米的一個孔和軸配合規格可能是45H8/g7。
Twenty standard grades of tolerances are provided, called IT01, IT0, IT1~18, providing numerical values for each nominal diameter, in arbitrary steps up to 500mm (for example 0~3, 3~6,6~10, ......, 400~500 mm).
ISO規定了二十種標準的公差等級，稱之爲IT01，IT0，IT1~18，給在直至500毫米強行分段(例如0~3，3~6，6~10, ......, 400~500毫米)中的公稱直徑提供具體數值。
The value of the tolerance unit, i, for grades 5~16 isWhere i is in microns and D in millimeters.
對5-16級而言，公差單位i的值可用下式計算這裏i的單位是微米，而D的單位是毫米。
Standard shaft and hole deviations similarly are provided by sets of formulas, however, for practical application, both tolerances and deviations are provided in three sets of rather complex tables.
標準的軸和孔偏差同樣都由若干公式提供?然而對實際應用，公差和偏差都在三張相當複雜的表格中規定了。
Additional tables give the values for basic sizes above 500 mm and for “Commonly Used Shafts and Holes” in two categories—“General Purpose” and “Fine Mechanisms and Horology”.
對基本尺寸大於500毫米和在“一般用途”和“精密機械和鐘錶”兩個類別中的“常用的軸和孔”而言，由附加的表格給出數值。
關於中英文對照機械專業英語文章Numerical Control of Production Equipment
生產設備的數字控制
Numerical Control (NC) is a form of programmable automation in which the processingequipment is controlled by means of numbers, letters, and other symbols. The numbers,letters, and symbols are coded in an appropriate format to define a program of instructionsfor a particular work-part or job.
數控是程序控制的自動化,在數字控制系統中,設備通過數字,字母和符號來編碼,以一種合適的格式爲每一個特定的零件或工件定義一個程序指令集。
When the job changes, the program of instructions is changed. The capability to change theprogram is what makes NC suitable for low-and medium-volume production. It is much easierto write new programs than to make major alterations of the processing equipment.
當工件變化時,程序也變化,改變程序的能力亦適合中小批量生產。寫一個新程序比改變大量生產設備要容易的多。
Basic Components of NC
數控基本結構
A numerical control system consists of the following three basic components:
數控系統由下面三部分組成
Program of instructions
控制程序
Machine control unit
機器控制單元
Processing equipment
加工設備
The program is fed into the control unit, which directs the processing equipment accordingly.
程序輸入到控制單元由送入的程序來引導加工設備控制。
The program of instruction is the detailed step-by-step commands that direct the processingequipment.
指導程序是一步步詳細的指導加工設備的指令。
In its most common form, the commands refer to positions of a machine tool spindle withrespect to the worktable on which the part is fixtured.
通常指令把主軸上刀具相對於安裝工具的工作臺定位。
More advanced instructions include selection of spindle speeds, cutting tools, and otherfunctions. The program is coded on a suitable medium for submission to the machinecontrol unit.
更多先進的說明包括主軸的轉速,加工工具的選擇及其功能。
The most common medium in use over the last several decades has been 1-in.-wide punchedtape.
程序刻在合適的介質中,提交到機器控制單元中,在過去幾十年中,最常用的介質是一英寸寬的打孔紙帶。
Because of the widespread use of the punched tape, NC is sometimes called "tape control"ver, this is a misnomer in modern usage of numerical control .
由於打孔紙帶的廣泛使用,NC有時也叫紙帶控制,然而這是現代數控使用的誤稱。
Coming into use more recently have been magnetic tape cassettes and floppy diskettes.
現在進入使用更多的是磁帶和軟盤。
The machine control unit (MCU) consists of the electronics and control hardware that read andinterpret the program of instruction and convert it into mechanical actions of the machinetool or other processing equipment.
機器控制單元,MCU由電子和控制硬件組成,機器控制單元可以讀出和執行指令程序,可以自動改變加工工具和其他加工設備。
The processing equipment is the third basic component of an NC system. It is the componentthat performs useful work.
執行單元是數控系統的第三基礎部分,執行原件是有效執行工作的原件
In the most common example of numerical control, one that performs machining operations,
最常見的數控例子其中的一個加工操作,加工設備由工作臺和主軸組成,就像用電動機來驅動一樣。
The processing equipment consists of the workable and spindle as well as the motors andcontrols needed to drive them.
加工設備由控制單元來驅動控制系統的類型。
