工作可以很快樂的5個必須

Your job might not have an employee wellness program, but there are ways to make it a healthier, happier place to spend eight hours a day.
你的工作單位也許沒有關注員工健康的措施。其實有很多方法可以讓你8小時的工作時間裏開心、健康的工作。

If you're like most people, your workplace isn't exactly a joyful haven of rest and relaxation. Indeed, most would agree that they have stressful jobs and workplaces that don't do enough to promote employee wellness.
大多數人一樣感覺自己的工作環境不輕鬆自在，也許你也有同感。不錯，很多人都在壓力很大的環境裏工作，而工作單位在爲員工解壓的措施方面卻做得很少。
However, progressive organizations around the world are beginning to understand the importance of employee wellbeing. They now know that improving workplace wellness isn't just a nice thing to do for employees—it helps the company bottom line in numerous ways, such as increased job satisfaction, productivity and morale, in addition to reducing turnover, absenteeism and presenteeism (coming to work sick)*.
然而，世界各地的企業開始漸漸明白員工福利對一個企業的發展有多重要。企業漸漸意識到爲員工提供舒適的工作環境不僅僅是爲了員工本身的福利，在很多方面其實是對企業有利的。比如可以增加員工對工作的滿意度、提高員工的生產力、提升員工的在工作中的鬥志等。同時，也可以減少員工工作失誤、曠工以及工作效率低下等情況。
The American Psychological Association cites five components of a psychologically healthy workplace. I’ve laid them out below, along with practical ways to implement them.
美國心理學會爲企業員工提出了五條讓員工保持在工作中心理健康的小貼士。一下就是這五條小貼士以及在工作中如何更好實踐的方法。
1. Employee Involvement
1.員工的參與感
All too often, workers feel controlled and powerless at their jobs, resulting in apathy and a lack of commitment to their organization. The superior alternative for employers is to make employees feel more involved in decision making and autonomous while performing their jobs.
很多時候，員工在工作中覺得自己被管束、沒有權利。員工的這種感覺會讓員工對企業沒有感情也沒有責任感。管理者應該讓自己的員工參與到企業決策的制定中，同時給予員工工作中足夠的自主權。
Make It Better: Help workers feel competent and at least partially in charge of their own work responsibilities. This can be done through self-managed work teams, employee taskforces or monthly suggestion meetings.
怎樣做到更好：讓員工覺得自己能勝任自己的工作，給予員工在自己的崗位上自主承擔責任的權利。這些可以通過員工自行管理團隊、建立任務工作組以及每月工作建議例會來完成。

2. Work-Life Balance
2.工作與生活的平衡
Many American workers would agree that their work-life balance is tipping too far toward the office. If employees are forced to neglect responsibilities at home, the quality of their professional work will inevitably suffer.
很多美國人認爲很多時候，很多時候，工作不止侷限於在辦公室，而是融入了自己的生活。 如果員工的工作業績只侷限與辦公地點所完成的工作，辦公室以外的業績被忽視掉，那麼員工的工作質量會不可避免的大打折扣。
Make It Better: Employers have ample opportunities to reach out to overburdened employees. Common ways to do so are through flextime, childcare, eldercare and financial management assistance.
怎樣做到更好：企業僱主可以有很多方式去關心工作量極大的員工。一般來講可以讓這些員工工作時間更有彈性、孩子老人得到看護以及更好的待遇。

3. Employee Growth and Development
3.員工的成長和發展
Nobody wants to be in a dead-end job. An employer who encourages worker growth and development will make sure that each worker gains new knowledge, skills and abilities. This is a wise investment that ensures the growth and retention of top-notch employees.
沒有人願意接受一份沒有上升空間的工作。企業僱主想要自己的員工快速成長髮展就必須保證自己的員工有機會學習新知識、新技術。對於企業僱主來講，這樣做事可以保證企業不斷強大，以及爲企業留住一流人才。

Make It Better: Workers should know that they have upward mobility within their organizations. Employers can ensure this through continuing education courses, tuition reimbursement and leadership development programs.
怎樣做到更好：要讓員工知道在企業內部有學習上進的機會。企業僱主可以爲員工提供再教育服務、報銷學習費用等，還可以在企業內部啓動人才提升計劃。

4. Health and Safety
4.員工身體健康以及安全
American healthcare is notorious for being almost entirely treatment-oriented, rather than focused on preventing illness in the first place. Employers can avoid making the same mistake by providing a healthy workplace environment and teaching employees the essentials of fitness, nutrition and stress management. In addition to the obvious perks for workers, promoting health and safety will benefit the employer as well; healthy employees are less likely to miss work and have lower insurance costs.
美國醫療系統是出了名的只醫治已經生病的人而不知道防範於未然。企業僱主卻能夠採取適當的措施避免這樣的結果發生。作爲企業領導，改善員工工作環境、教育員工如何保證身體健康、如何可注意營養、如何合理解壓都是保證員工工作質量的最重要環節。這些健康福利在造福企業員工的同時也造福企業。健康的員工更不容易在工作中犯錯，也爲企業節省了保險費用。
Make It Better: Workers ought to be able to rely on their employer to provide the information and resources necessary to engage in healthy lifestyle choices. Programs that promote weight loss, smoking cessation and stress management can be extremely helpful. Ideally, employers should also provide on-site or nearby access to a fitness facility.
如何做到更好：企業僱主應該爲員工提供健康生活的相關信息和資源。比如減肥、戒菸以及解壓等促進健康的相關項目。如果條件允許，最好爲員工提供一個在公司內部的或離工作單位很近的健身場所。

5. Employee Recognition
5. 欣賞員工的工作
Few things adversely affect employee morale like a lack of appreciation. By recognizing outstanding employee contributions, employers send the message that good work does not go unnoticed.
有一些不利因素會影響到員工的鬥志。對員工工作的不欣賞是其中一個因素。作爲企業僱主，對員工做出的貢獻一定不能視而不見。

Make It Better: The obvious way to commend an employee is with a monetary bonus. However, more cost-effective methods can be used as well, such as awards and recognition ceremonies.
怎樣做到更好：顯而易見，多給獎金是對傑出工作員工最好的讚賞。當然一些低成本的獎勵方式也是值得推薦的，比如說獎品獎勵和頒獎儀式之類。