發明巨無霸漢堡的麥當勞老店主逝世
In April 1967, hamburger lovers in Uniontown, Pa., south of Pittsburgh, met a newer, bigger burger.
1967年4月，位於賓夕法尼亞州匹茲堡南部尤寧敦(Uniontown)的一位漢堡愛好者見到了一種更新、更大的漢堡。
Introduced by a local McDonald’s, it was called the Big Mac,
它由當地的麥當勞(McDonald’s)推出，被稱爲巨無霸(Big Mac)。
and for 45 cents it delivered, as a 1970s jingle would have it, two all-beef patties, special sauce, lettuce, cheese, pickles, onions on a sesame-seed bun.
就像70年代的廣告歌曲裏唱的，只要45美分，你就可以得到鋪在帶芝麻的圓麪包上的兩塊純牛肉餅、特製醬料、生菜、奶酪、泡菜和洋蔥。
Response was positive.
市場反響非常好。
A year later, the Big Mac was on the menu at McDonald’s restaurants all over the United States.
一年後，巨無霸就登上了美國所有麥當勞店的菜單。
By 1969, it accounted for 19 percent of the company’s total sales.
至1969年，它已經佔到公司整體銷售額的19%。
Today, the company sells about 550 million Big Macs annually in the United States alone, and millions more in 100 countries around the world.
現在，這家公司每年單單在美國就能賣出5.5億個巨無霸，在世界其他100多個國家還能賣出成百上千萬個。
Jim Delligatti, the McDonald’s franchise owner who invented the Big Mac, died on Monday at his home in Fox Chapel, Pa.
本週一，發明巨無霸漢堡的麥當勞特許經銷商吉姆•德利加蒂(Jim Delligatti)在位於賓夕法尼亞州福克斯查珀爾(Fox Chapel)的家中逝世。
He was 98.
享年98歲。
The death was confirmed by his son Michael.
這個消息得到了他的兒子邁克爾(Michael)的確認。
Mr Delligatti, who opened the first McDonald’s in western Pennsylvania in 1957, owned about a dozen franchises in the Pittsburgh area
德利加蒂於1957年開了西賓夕法尼亞州的第一家麥當勞店。
By the mid-1960s, but he struggled to compete with the Big Boy and Burger King chains.
至60年代中期，他在匹茲堡地區已經擁有了十來家特許經銷店，不過與大男孩(Big Boy)和漢堡王(Burger King)的競爭很激烈。
He proposed to company executives that they add a double-patty hamburger to the McDonald’s menu, something along the lines of the Big Boy, that could put a dent in sales of Burger King’s Whopper.
他向公司高管提議學習大男孩餐廳的做法，在麥當勞的菜單上增加一種雙層肉餅漢堡，搶奪漢堡王推出的皇堡(Whopper)的市場份額。
He met with resistance.
他遇到了阻力。
Top executives worried that any addition to the limited McDonald’s menu would gum up the works, and that a higher-priced burger — the basic McDonald’s hamburger cost just 18 cents — would alienate customers.
高層領導擔心在有限的麥當勞菜單上增加新品會把事情搞砸，也擔心定價更高的漢堡——麥當勞基礎漢堡的價格當時只要18美分——會嚇跑顧客。
After lobbying by Ralph Lanphar, a regional manager in Columbus, Ohio, headquarters gave Mr Delligatti permission to test the Big Mac in Uniontown, using only McDonald’s ingredients.
經過俄亥俄州哥倫布市區域經理拉爾夫•蘭帕爾(Ralph Lanphar)的遊說，麥當勞總部批准德利加蒂在尤寧敦試售巨無霸漢堡，不過只能使用麥當勞自己的現有原料。
Two patties, etc., did not fit on a standard McDonald’s bun, so Mr Delligatti went rogue, ordering a large sesame-seeded bun from a local baker.
但兩塊肉餅與麥當勞常規的圓麪包無法匹配，所以德利加蒂使了點手段，向當地的一個麪包師傅那裏訂購了尺寸更大的芝麻圓麪包。
He split it in three and assembled the Big Mac as the world knows it today, with a special sauce of his own devising.
他把漢堡分爲三層，用各種原料做成今天世人所知的巨無霸漢堡，其中添加了他獨家調製的醬料。
It was introduced on April 22, 1967, with newspaper ads describing it as made with two freshly ground patties, tangy melted cheese, crisp lettuce, pickle and our own Special Sauce.
這款漢堡在1967年4月22日上市，報紙上刊登的廣告將它描述爲用新鮮的肉餅、味道濃郁的融化奶酪、脆嫩的生菜、泡菜和我們自己特製的醬料製成。
It wasn’t like discovering the light bulb, Mr Delligatti told John F.
這不像是發明電燈，德利加蒂對1986年出版的《麥當勞：拱門之下》(McDonald’s: Behind the Arches)一書的作者約翰•F•洛夫(John F.
Love, the author of McDonald’s: Behind the Arches (1986).
Love)講道。
The bulb was already there.
燈泡已經有了。
All I did was screw it in the socket.
我所做的只是把它插到插口裏。
Michael James Delligatti was born on Aug. 2, 1918, in Uniontown.
邁克爾•詹姆士•德利加蒂(Michael James Delligatti)1918年8月2日出生在尤寧敦。
His father, James, held a variety of jobs, from farrier to candy maker, and the family moved often.
他的父親詹姆士做過包括蹄鐵工和糖果製造在內的各種工作，家裏經常搬家。
His mother, the former Lucille Dandrea, was a homemaker.
他的母親露西爾•丹德烈亞(Lucille Dandrea)是家庭主婦。
After graduating from Fairmont High School in West Virginia, Mr Delligatti held a variety of jobs before entering the Army in 1942.
從西弗吉尼亞的費爾蒙特高中(Fairmont High School)畢業後，德利加蒂做過各種工作，然後在1942年參軍。
He served in Europe with the 26th Infantry Division, known as the Yankee Division.
他隨第26步兵師——也被稱爲洋基師——在歐洲服役。
He worked a succession of odd jobs on returning home before hitchhiking to Southern California,
回鄉之後，他做過一系列零工，然後搭便車去了南加州。
where he worked at several drive-in restaurants and managed a Big Boy, whose feature hamburger with special sauce made an impression.
在那裏，他在好幾家免下車餐館工作過，還管理過一家大男孩餐廳，後者有特製醬料的特色漢堡給他留下了深刻的印象。
In 2012, a corporate chef for McDonald’s demonstrated, in a video, how to make the Big Mac Special Sauce, using mayonnaise, sweet pickle relish, yellow mustard, white wine vinegar, garlic powder, onion powder and paprika.
2012年，麥當勞的廚師在一段視頻中展示瞭如何製作巨無霸漢堡的特製醬料，他使用了蛋黃醬、酸黃瓜醬、黃芥末、白葡萄酒醋、大蒜粉、洋蔥粉和紅辣椒粉。
In 1953, Mr Delligatti and a friend, John Sweeney, combined their last names and opened a drive-in restaurant in Pittsburgh, Delney’s.
1953年，德利加蒂和朋友約翰•斯威尼(John Sweeney)一起在匹茲堡開了一家免下車餐廳德爾尼家(Delney’s)，這個名字融合了兩位合夥人的姓。
While attending a restaurant trade show in Chicago in 1955, Mr Delligatti became interested in the McDonald’s booth.
1955年在芝加哥參加一場餐飲行業展時，德利加蒂對麥當勞的展位產生了興趣。
He then visited a new McDonald’s in Illinois.
接着，他拜訪了麥當勞在伊利諾伊州的一家新店。
He became one of the company’s earliest franchisees, opening a McDonald’s in Pittsburgh in 1957.
他成了麥當勞最早的特許經銷商之一，於1957年在匹茲堡開了一家麥當勞店。
He went on to open 47 more over the next 25 years.
在接下來的25年時間裏，他又相繼開出47家麥當勞店。
Along the way, he began serving a hot breakfast to local steelworkers coming off the night shift.
在這個過程中，他開始給當地下晚班的鍊鋼工人提供一種熱乎的早餐。
As with the Big Mac, the Hotcakes and Sausage Meal became part of the national McDonald’s menu.
就像巨無霸漢堡一樣，豬柳熱香餅套餐後來也上了全國各個麥當勞餐廳的菜單。
The Big Mac remains his legacy, celebrated in song and story.
巨無霸漢堡依然是他的遺產，在歌曲和故事裏被頌揚。
In 1986, The Economist introduced its Big Mac Index, which shows whether a currency is overvalued or undervalued based on the cost of a Big Mac in one country relative to the cost in another.
1986年，《經濟學家》(The Economist)曾推出巨無霸指數(Big Mac Index)，通過將巨無霸漢堡在一個國家的價格與另一個國家的相比，來判斷一種貨幣的幣值是被高估還是低估。
With backing from McDonald’s, Mr Delligatti opened the Big Mac Museum Restaurant in North Huntingdon, Pa., in 2007,with a 14-foot-tall Big Mac sculpture as its centerpiece.
在麥當勞的支持下，德利加蒂於2007年在賓夕法尼亞州的北亨廷登(North Huntingdon)開設了巨無霸博物館餐廳(Big Mac Museum Restaurant)，它的中心裝飾是一座14英尺（約4.3米）高的巨無霸漢堡雕塑。
In addition to his son Michael, Mr Delligatti is survived by his wife, the former Eleanor Carmody, known as Ellie; another son, James; five grandchildren; and eight great-grandchildren.
除了兒子邁克爾，德利加蒂身後還留下了妻子埃莉諾•卡莫迪(Eleanor Carmody)——大家叫她埃莉——另一個兒子詹姆士，以及5個孫（女）和8個重孫（女）。
Last week, McDonald’s began testing two new versions of the Big Mac in Texas and central Ohio: a Mac Jr. and a supersize Grand Mac.
上週，麥當勞開始在德克薩斯州和俄亥俄州中部試售兩個新版本的巨無霸漢堡：小巨無霸(Mac Jr. )和超大號的超巨無霸(Grand Mac)。
Big Mac, in other words, might become Middle Mac.
換句話說，巨無霸有可能會變成了中巨無霸(Middle Mac)。
But the sales remain huge, leading many to believe that Mr Delligatti, as its inventor, must have reaped a windfall worth billions.
始終可觀的銷量讓許多人覺得作爲它的發明者，德利加蒂肯定獲益頗豐。
Not so.
情況並非如此。
All I got was a plaque, he told The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette in 2007.
我得到的只有一個匾額，他在2007年對《匹茲堡郵報》(The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)說。
