蹭課文化風靡校園 New trend of auditing hits China
Auditing classes at university is an ideal way of learning or trying out new areas of study without committing yourself.
在大學裏，蹭課是一種理想的學習方式，你可以不受約束地去嘗試學習的新領域。You can study alongside fellow students without any obligation to participate in formal assessments or gain credits for your degree.
你可以和其他同學一起學習，而完全不必去參加什麼正式的學業評定，或是爲自己的學位賺學分。The trend of auditing university classes has swept across universities. Recently, Fudan Postgraduate, a publication by Fudan University, even released a map guide on its campus. Altogether, it features 25 courses, including details of lectures, venues, times and recommendations. Students can design their own auditing route based on a handy map.
蹭課文化已經席捲了各大高校。近日，復旦大學校刊《復旦研究生報》甚至還推出了一張“復旦蹭課地圖”。地圖上共標出25門公共課，其中包含課程細節、上課地點、時間以及推薦理由。有了這樣一份便攜地圖，學生們便可以設計出自己的蹭課路線圖。
“It is relaXing for us to take individual modules or units on a casual basis without committing ourselves to completing those studies in order to gain credits, a degree or an award,” said Zhu Yanni, 22, a postgraduate majoring in environment management at Fudan University.
正在復旦大學環境管理專業攻讀碩士學位、22歲的朱燕妮（音譯）說：“可以隨意選擇個性的學習單元或模塊，完全不必爲了掙學分、拿學位或獎學金而硬着頭皮去完成這些學業，這讓我們感到很放鬆。”Zhu, editor of the guide, said that she has benefited from the trend herself – she successfully moved from a bachelor’s degree in biochemistry to her current one after auditing classes.
朱燕妮同時也是改版“地圖”的編輯之一，她表示自己從這種蹭課文化中受益頗多——在一番蹭課之後，她成功地將專業從本科時的生物化學轉成了現在的環境管理。“Visiting classes helped me a lot. The teachers of outstanding courses seldom teach strictly according to textbooks, which is attractive to students. Their tutoring methods have expanded my mind,” Zhu said.
她說：“旁聽生涯帶給我很大的幫助。由於大多精品課的老師不按教材上課，這樣對於聽課的學生而言就更有吸引力。他們的輔導方法也開闊了我的思想。”Other students audit purely out of interest. Shi Shuai, 22, a senior majoring in administration management at Shantou University, attended courses in economics and finance for one year.
還有一些學生蹭課純粹是興趣使然。來自汕頭大學行政管理專業的大四學生、22歲的石帥（音譯）就旁聽了一年時間的經濟、金融類課程。“It is a great way to explore professional knowledge outside your major,” said Shi, who acquired the basics of accounting and finance management.
已經掌握會計及財務管理基礎知識的石帥表示：“這是一種探索本專業外的其他專業知識的絕佳途徑。”“When you study by yourself in a library, you can’t enjoy live group discussions or coursework particularly designed for students.”
“當你在讀書館上自習時，你無法感受到現場小組討論或是一些專爲學生設計的就業培訓。”Despite the advantages of learning in an open environment, university administrators remind us that there are still rules to follow.
儘管在一個開放的環境中學習可謂益處頗多，高校的管理者卻提醒我們蹭課讓要有章可循。Not all classes accept outsiders, especially minority language classes and science modules. These are often taught in small groups to ensure the effectiveness of learning, or require special equipment and individual instruction, which is only available to registered students who pay tuition fees.
並非所有課程都向旁聽者敞開大門，尤其是是小語種課程以及科學課程模塊。它們通常會採用小組授課方式以保證學習效果，或是需要特殊設備及個性化教學，而這些課程只對那些交付學費的在冊學生開放。Regulations vary across departments and universities. According to Huang Xiaoxiong, a journalism teacher at Fudan University, students need to ensure that auditing a class is permitted. “It is about basic manners. You need to let the teacher know about your existence,” he explained.
不同大學、不同學院之間的規章制度而各不相同。來自復旦大學新聞系的黃曉雄（音譯）老師稱，學生需要確保蹭課是符合規定的。他解釋說：“這事關基本禮貌的問題。你需要讓老師知道你的存在。”Even if a teacher allows students to audit a class, visitors should be careful not to occupy the teacher’s time.
即使一位老師歡迎學生來蹭課，旁聽者也要注意，不要佔用老師的時間。“It’s polite to greet the teacher when attending a course. Participate in discussions, but do not distract others,” Huang added. “It’s okay to hand in homework assigned by the teacher, but expect general advice rather than careful correction.”
黃曉雄表示：“聽課時要禮貌地向老師問好。參加討論而不是去打斷別人。可以上交老師佈置的家庭作業，但預計得到的會是一般性的建議，而非細緻的批改。”Auditing classes aimlessly or beyond one’s ability can be a waste of time, warns Xu Jun, 27, HR manager at Guangzhou Automobile Industry Group. “It’s good to audit some classes. But you have to manage your time well, as you can’t get any academic credit or formal recognition for these courses,” Xu suggested.
廣州汽車工業有限公司人力資源部經理、27歲的徐軍（音譯）提醒道：“盲目或不自量力的蹭課可能是在浪費時間。去旁聽一些課程這很好。但你必須同時管理好自己的時間，對於這些課而言，你既修不到學分也得到不正式認可。”“Even though your interests are important, your degree is the first thing to consider at university.”
“儘管個人興趣很重要，但學位是你在大學的頭等大事。”
