日本東京發生和平示威 Peace protests grow in Japan contrast with Chinese militarism
Tens of thousands of peace protesters thronged the streets of central Tokyo on Sunday, in the largest demonstrations yet against Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s controversial plans to alter Japan’s military stance.
在剛剛過去的這個星期天，數萬名和平示威者把東京市中心街道擠得水泄不通，舉行了反對日本首相安倍晉三(Shinzo Abe)有爭議的改變國家軍事姿態計劃的迄今最大規模示威。
The protests are a culmination of weeks of demonstrations and come at a time when China’s military aggrandisement and breakneck physical expansion of islands in the South China Sea is perceived in some quarters as a rising threat to Asian stability.
此次抗議使數週的示威活動達到高潮。這次示威活動發生之時，正值該地區地緣政治局勢日趨緊張之際。某些方面認爲，中國的軍事炫耀和在南中國海的快速填海造島，對亞洲的穩定日益構成威脅。
Attended by 120,000, the protest on Sunday was the latest attempt to convince politicians to vote against a set of security bills that would, among other changes, allow Japan to join in collective self-defence with its allies and to dispatch its military to fight abroad.
上週日有12萬人參加的抗議活動，是說服政界人士投票反對一攬子安全法案的最新嘗試，這些安全法案和其它改變結合在一起，將允許日本與盟國一起進行集體自衛，並出動軍隊在海外作戰。
Under Mr Abe’s leadership, say analysts, the direction of Japanese military procurement and training appears to reflect growing concern over Chinese territorial assertiveness.
分析人士表示，在安倍晉三領導下，日本的軍事採購和訓練方向似乎反映該國越來越擔憂中國在領土問題上的強勢。
The security bills are dependent upon Mr Abe’s 2014 “reinterpretation” of Japan’s constitution — a document written by the US after Japan’s defeat in 1945. The constitution is still cherished by millions of Japanese who see it as the reason the country’s military has not fired a bullet in anger for 70 years.
相關安全法案依賴於安倍在2014年對日本憲法作出的“重新解釋”；日本憲法是美國在1945年日本戰敗後寫成的。它至今受到數以百萬計的日本人的珍惜，被視爲該國軍隊70年來從未捲入實戰的原因。
At one point yesterday hundreds of demonstrators chanted verbatim the key phrases of Article 9 of the constitution; the so-called “peace clause” that renounces war and which many see as diluted by Mr Abe’s legislation.
昨天，數百名示威者一度逐字高呼憲法第9條的關鍵短語，即所謂的“和平條款”，因爲它宣告放棄戰爭，在許多人看來，這一條款被安倍晉三出爐的法案稀釋了。
“This is the last chance we have to preserve Japan’s worldwide reputation as a country of peace,” said Ryu Hitaka, a 79 year-old veteran of Japan’s mass demonstrations in the 1960s, where thousands rallied against the security treaty with the US forged by Mr Abe’s grandfather, Nobusuke Kishi.
“這是我們維護日本作爲一個和平國家的全球聲譽的最後機會，”現年79歲的Ryu Hitaka表示。他曾在上世紀60年代參加日本的大規模示威活動，當時成千上萬人抗議安倍晉三的外祖父岸信介(Nobusuke Kishi)與美國達成的安保條約。
“If this law passes, that’s it. Article 9 is basically dead. Abe tells us that he is making the country safer, but what he is really doing is preparing a nation to make war,” said Mr Hitaka.
“如果這部法律得到通過，那就什麼都完了。第9條基本上就死了。安倍告訴我們，他正在使國家變得更加安全，但他真正做的是讓全國準備好發動戰爭，”Hitaka表示。
Many of the older participants in the demonstrations said that Mr Abe had not learned the lessons of Japan’s militaristic past, and that China also now risks falling into the same dark hole.
參加示威的許多年長人士表示，安倍晉三沒有汲取日本軍國主義歷史的教訓，而中國現在也有可能墜入相同的深淵。
Their comments reflect a growing sense of unease in Japan ahead of China’s planned military parade on September 3 to mark what the ruling Communist Party in Beijing calls the “anniversary of victory in the war of Japanese aggression”.
他們的言論反映出，在中國定於9月3日舉行閱兵式，紀念在北京執政的共產黨所稱的“抗日戰爭勝利紀念日”前夕，日本國內的不安情緒越來越強烈。
The Chinese government is preparing to lock-down the heart of Beijing for a bristling display of military might and national ambition. The parade will include 12,000 troops and 500 vehicles and is surrounded by tight security.
中國政府正準備在北京的心臟地帶揚眉吐氣地展示軍事實力和民族抱負。接受檢閱的將有1.2萬官兵和500輛各型車輛，閱兵式的周圍將實行嚴密保安。
While ostensibly a public event, the government has made it clear that the only way to see it is from the official parade stand on Tiananmen Square or on television. At least two foreign journalists living along the parade route were visited on the eve of a rehearsal last week by teams from the public security bureau and warned they would be deported if they watched or filmed.
儘管號稱公共活動，但政府已明確表示，只有從天安門廣場的觀禮臺或電視上才能觀看。居住在受閱部隊行進路線上的至少兩名外國記者在上週彩排前夕被公安人員上門警告：如果他們觀看或拍攝，他們將被驅逐出境。
The parade is to culminate in tanks rolling through the symbolically resonant Tiananmen Square, where hundreds of Chinese students were massacred in 1989 by soldiers of the People’s Liberation Army, ending weeks of protests in a bloodbath.
閱兵式的高潮將是坦克編隊駛過具有象徵意義、讓人聯想起往事的天安門廣場；1989年，解放軍在這裏對持續數週的抗議活動執行武力清場，導致數百名學生死亡。
Several prominent world leaders, including Mr Abe, have decided not to attend, and of the major countries to participate in the second world war only Russia will be represented at head of state level, with President Vladimir Putin flying in and sending a cohort of Russian troops to march with Chinese soldiers.
多位知名的世界各國領導人，包括安倍晉三，已經決定不參加，在第二次世界大戰的主要參戰國中，只有俄羅斯的國家元首將出席。除了總統弗拉基米爾渠京(Vladimir Putin)外，一支俄軍分隊將與中國軍隊一起接受檢閱。
The parade comes at a time when Sino-Japanese relations are at a delicate juncture. Although Mr Abe recently managed to end a diplomatic deadlock between Tokyo and Beijing, territorial disputes, in particular over a set of uninhabited islands in the East China Sea, remain stubbornly unresolved and potentially explosive.
中國舉行閱兵式之際，中日關係正處在一個微妙的關口。雖然安倍晉三最近成功結束了東京和北京之間的外交僵局，但領土爭端，尤其是圍繞東中國海一個無人居住的島羣的爭端，仍棘手地未能解決，而且可能激化。
However, Zhang Ming, China’s vice-minister for foreign affairs, recently sought to play down tensions with Japan and concerns over the parade.
然而，中國外交部副部長張明最近試圖淡化中日之間的緊張，化解日方對中國閱兵活動的擔憂。
“[China has] stressed several times that the celebrations are not targeting specific countries, not Japan or its people. It has no direct link to current Sino-Japanese relations,” said Mr Zhang.
“我們已多次指出，活動不針對特定國家，不針對今天的日本，更不針對廣大日本人民，”張明表示。
Meanwhile, everyone living along the route of the parade has been warned: absolutely no watching. Residents have been told to stay away from windows and balconies, lest they actually catch sight of the 12,000 troops and 500 vehicles in the parade.
同時，受閱部隊行進路線沿線的所有居民都已得到警告：絕對不可以觀看。居民們被告知，要遠離窗戶和陽臺，免得他們瞥見接受檢閱的1.2萬部隊和500輛軍用車輛。
Meanwhile, Yuka Inagawa, a Tokyo resident attending the demonstration on Sunday, expressed concerns over rising militarism in the region.
與此同時，參加上週日示威活動的東京市民Yuka Inagawa表達了對於亞洲地區軍國主義崛起的擔憂。
“You cannot celebrate peace by showing off the machines of war. I hope that the Chinese see what is happening today in Tokyo and realise that this [increased militarism] is the wrong way for any country.”
“你不可能通過炫耀作戰武器來慶祝和平。我希望中國看到今天東京的場面，意識到（軍國主義擡頭）對任何國家都是歧路。”
