計算機專業英語教程閱讀
學習計算機專業的同學也需要去掌握一些常用的計算機英語，爲幫助大家邊學習計算機相關知識邊練習英語能力，下面本站小編爲大家帶來計算機專業英語教程閱讀，歡迎大家一起學習!
Computer hardware has four parts: the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, storagehardware, input hardware, and output hardware.
計算機硬件具有四部分：中央處理器和內存、存儲硬件、輸入硬件和輸出硬件。
The part of the computer that runs the program is known as the processor or central processingunit (CPU). In a Microcomputer, the CPU is on a single electronic component, themicroprocessor chip, within the system unit or system cabinet. The CPU itself has two parts:the control unit and the arithmetic-logic unit. In a microcomputer, these are both on themicrocomputer chip.
計算機運行程序的部分被稱爲處理器或中央處理單元。在微型計算機中，是在一個單獨的電子元件上，即微處理器芯片上，它在系統單元內或系統機箱內。本身具有兩個部分：控制單元和算術一邏輯單元。在微型計算機中，這兩個部分都在微型機芯片上。
The Control Unit ——The control unit tells the rest of the computer system how to carry out aprogram's instructions. It directs the movement of electronic signals between memory and thearithmetic-logic unit. It also directs these control signals between the CPU and input andoutput devices.
控制單元控制單元告訴計算機系統的其他部分如何完成程序指令。它指導着內存和算術一邏輯單元之間的電子信號的移動。它也指揮着CPU和輸入輸出設備之間的控制信號。
The Arithmetic-Logic Unit——The arithmetic-logic unit, usually called the ALU, performs twotypes of operations—arithmetic and logical. Arithmetic operations are, as you might expect,the fundamental math operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Logicaloperations consist of comparisons. That is , two pieces of data are compared to see whether oneis equal to, less than, or greater than the other.
算術-邏輯單元算術-邏輯單元,通常被稱爲ALU，完成兩類運箅一算術和邏輯。 算術運算,如你所期望的，是基本的數學運算：加、減、乘、除。邏輯運算是由比較(運 算)構成的。也就是說，用數據的兩部分進行比較，以看其中一個是否是等於、小於或大於另外一個。
Memory ——Memory is also known as primary storage, internal storage, it temporarilyholds data, program instructions, and information. One of the most important facts to knowabout memory is that part of its content is held only temporarily. In other words, it is storedonly as long as the computer is turned on. When you turn the machine off, the contentimmediately vanish. The stored contents in memory are volatile and can vanish very quickly.
內存內存也被稱爲主存儲器、內部存儲器,它臨時地存儲數據、程序指令和信息。對於內存需要了解的一個最重要的事實是它所保存的內容只是臨時的。換句話說，它只在計算機開着時才保存(數據)當機器被關閉時，其內容會立即消失。在內存中所存儲的信息是易失性的並能很快消失。
Storage Hardware——The purpose of storage hardware is to provide a means of storingcomputer instructions and data in a form that is relatively permanent, that is, the data is notlost when the power is turned off—and easy to retrieve when needed for e arefour kinds of storage hardware: floppy disks, hard disks, optical disk, and magnetic tape.
Floppy Disks——Floppy disks are also called diskettes, flexible disks, floppies, or simply plastic disk inside the diskette cover is flexible, not rigid. They are flat, circular pieces ofmylar plastic that rotate within a jacket. Data and programs are stored as electromagneticcharges on a metal oxide film coating the mylar plastic.
計算機軟件專業英語教程篇二軟盤又被稱爲軟磁盤、可彎曲磁盤、軟盤、或簡單地稱爲磁盤。在磁盤表面內部的塑料盤是柔軟的，不是堅硬的。這些塑料盤是平的、在一個套子內部旋轉的圓的聚脂塑料片。程序和數據是以電磁荷的形式存儲在聚脂塑料外面包着的金屬氧化膠片上。
Hard Disks——Hard disks consist of metallic rather than plastic platters. They are tightly sealedto prevent any foreign matter from getting inside. Hard disks are extremely sensitiveinstruments. The read-write head rides on a cushion of air about 0.000001 inch thick. It is sothin that a smoke particle, fingerprint, dust, or human hair could cause what is known as ahead crash. A head crash happens when the surface of the read-write head or particles on itssurface contact the magnetic disk surface. A head crash is a disaster for a hard disk. It meansthat some or all of the data on the disk is destroyed. Hard disks are assembled under sterileconditions and sealed from impurities within their permanent containers.
硬盤硬盤是由金屬盤片而不是塑料盤片組成的。它們被緊緊地密封起來，以防止外界東西進入。硬盤是非常靈敏的設備。讀寫頭浮在大約0.000001英寸厚的空氣氣墊上。它是如此的薄，以至於煙粒、指印、灰塵或者頭髮都可能引起磁頭劃傷。當讀寫頭的表面或表面上的微粒與磁盤表而接觸時就會發生磁頭劃傷。磁頭劃傷對於硬盤來講是災難，它意味着磁盤上的數據部分或全部丟失。硬盤是在無菌條件下安裝並且密封在遠離雜質的永久的容器內。
Optical Disks——Optical disks are used for storing great quantities of data. An optical disk canhold 650 megabytes of data—the equivalent of hundreds of floppy disks. Moreover, an opticaldiskmakes an immense amount of information available on a microcomputer. In optical-disktechnology, a laser beam alters the surface of a plastic or metallic disk to represent data. Toread the data, a laser scans these areas and sends the data to a computer chip forconversion.
光盤光盤用於存儲大量的數據。一個光盤可能容納650兆字節的數據一相當於數 以百計的軟盤。並且光盤使得大量的信息用於微機上。在光盤技術中，激光束改變塑料 或金屬盤的表而來代表數據。爲了記取數據，激光掃描這些區域並且將這些數據送給計算機芯片以轉換。
Magnetic Tape——Magnetic tape is an effective way of making a backup, or duplicate, copy ofyour programs and data. We mentioned the alarming consequences that can happen if a harddisk suffers a head crash. You will lose some or all of your data or programs. Of course, you canalways make copies of your hard-disk files on floppy disks. However, this can be time-consumingand may require many floppy disks. Magnetic tape is sequential access storage and can solvethe problem mentioned above.
磁帶磁帶是備份，即複製、拷貝程序和數據的有效方法。我們曾提到如果硬盤遭遇磁頭劃傷就會產生令人擔憂的結果，你將會丟失部分或全部的程序或數據。當然，你可以將硬盤上的文件拷貝到軟盤上。然而這很耗時，並且需要很多軟盤。磁帶是順序訪問存儲，能夠解決上面所提問題。
Input Hardware——Input devices take data and programs people can read or understand andconvert them to a form the computer can process. This is the machine-readable electronicsignals of 0s and 1s. Input hardware is of two kinds: keyboard entry and direct entry.
輸入硬件輸入硬件接收人們能讀懂的程序和數據並將其轉換爲計算機能處理的形 式-這就是機器可讀的電子信號0和1。有兩種輸入硬件：鍵盤輸入和直接輸入。
Keyboard Entry——Data is input to the computer through a keyboard that looks like atypewriter keyboard but has additional keys. In this method, the user typically reads from anoriginal document called the source document. The user enters that document by typingon the keyboard.
鍵盤輸入數據通過形似打字機鍵盤但有附加鍵的鍵盤輸入到計算機。用這種方式，用戶一般讀取被稱爲是源文件的初始文件。用戶通過在鍵盤上打字而輸入那個文件。
Direct Entry——Data is made into machine-readable form as it is entered into the computer,no keyboard is used. Direct entry devices may be categorized into three areas: pointing devices(for example, mouse, touch screen, light pen, digitizer are all pointing devices), scanningdevices (for example, image scanner, fax machine, bar-code reader are all scanning devices),and voice-input devices.
直接輸入當數據輸入到計算機時，是以機器可讀懂的形式輸入的，不需要鍵盤。直接輸入設備可以被分成三類：指針設備(如：鼠標、觸摸屏、光筆、數字化儀都是指針設備)、掃描設備(如圖像掃描儀、傳真機、條形碼讀器都是掃描設備)和聲音輸入設備。
Output Hardware——Output devices convert machine-readable information into people-readable form. Common output devices are monitors, printers, plotters, and voice output.
輸出硬件輸出設備將機器可讀的信息轉換爲人類可讀的形式。一般的輸出設備有監視器、打印機、繪圖儀和聲音輸出設備。
Monitors——Monitors are also called display screen or video display terminals. Most monitorsthat sit on desks are built in the same way as television sets, these are called cathode-raytubes. Another type of monitor is flat-panel display, including liquid-crystal display (LCD),electroluminescent (EL) display Chapter 1 Computer Fundamentals and LCD does not emit light of its own. Rather, it consists of crystal molecules. Anelectric field causes the molecules to line up in a way that alters their optical rtunately, many LCDs are difficult to read in sunlight or other strong light. A gas-plasmadisplay is the best type of flat screen. Like a neon light bulb, the plasma display uses a gasthat emits light in the presence of an electric current.
監視器監視器也被稱爲屏幕顯示或視頻顯示終端。大多數放在桌面上的監視器的製作方法同電視一樣，被稱爲是陰極射線管。另一類監視器是平板顯示器，包括液晶顯示、光電發光顯示和等離子顯示。液晶顯示自己不發射光，相反，是由晶體分子組成，電場使得這些分子排成一行，在某種程度上改變着它們的光學特性。不幸的是，許多液晶顯示器在太陽光或其他強光下很難讀到。等離子顯示器是平板顯示器中最好的一種，像霓光燈泡，等離子顯示器在電流存在的情況下使用一種發光的氣體。
計算機軟件專業英語教程篇三Printers——There are four popular kinds of printers: dot-matrix, laser, ink-jet, and thermal.
打印機有四種流行的打印機：點陣式、激光式、噴墨式和熱敏式。
Dot-Matrix Printe——Dot-matrix printers can produce a page of text in less than 10 secondsand are highly reliable. They form characters or images using a series of small pins on a printhead. The pins strike an inked ribbon and create an image on paper. Printers are availablewith print heads of 9, 18, or 24 pins. One disadvantage of this type of printer is noise.
點陣式打印機能在不到幾秒的時間內打印一頁文本並且非常可靠。點陣式打印機利用在打印頭上的一系列小針來形成字符或圖像。這些針擊打噴墨的色帶並在紙上產生圖像。有9針、18針和24針的打印機，這種打印機的一個缺點是它的噪音。
Laser Printer——The laser printer creates dotlike images on a drum, using a laser beam lightsource. The characters are treated with a magnetically charged inklike toner and then aretransferred from drum to paper. A heat process is used to make the characters adhere. Thelaser printer produces images with excellent letter and graphics quality.
激光打印機使用激光束光源在磁鼓上產生小點一樣的圖像，用磁化的帶電的像墨一樣的碳粉處理這些字符，然後從磁鼓傳送到紙上，再使用熱處理過程使這些字符粘貼。激光打印機打印的圖像字符淸晰，圖像質盤高。
Ink-Jet Printer——An ink-jet printer sprays small droplets of ink at high speed onto the surfaceof the paper. This process not only produces a letter-quality image but also permits printing tobe done in a variety of colors.
噴墨式打印機能以很高速度將小點狀墨汁噴到紙面上。這一過程不僅印刷高質量的圖像，並且能打印彩色圖像。
Thermal Printer——A thermal printer uses heat elements to produce images on heat-sensitivepaper. Color thermal printers are not as popular because of their cost and the requirement ofspecifically treated paper. They are a more special use printer that produces near photographicoutput. They are widely used in professional art and design work where very high qualitycolor is essential.
熱敏式打印機使用熱元素在熱感應紙上產生圖像。由於價格以及需要特殊處理的紙張，彩色熱敏打印機不是很普及。熱敏式打印機是打印逼真輸出的特殊打印機。它們被廣泛應用在要求高質盤彩色輸出的專業藝術設計工作中。
Plotters—Plotters are special-purpose output devices for producing bar charts, maps,architectural drawings, and even three-dimensional illustrations. Plotters can produce high-quality multicolor documents and also documents that are larger in size than most printers canhandle. There are four types of plotters: pen, ink-jet, electrostatic, and direct imaging.
繪圖儀是特殊用途的輸出設備，用於產生條形圖、地圖、建築繪圖、甚至三維圖表。繪圖儀可以輸出高質量的多種色彩的文檔，並且文檔的尺寸比大多數打印機能處理的要大。有四種類型的繪圖儀：鋼筆、噴墨、靜電和直接圖像。
Voice-Output Devices——Voice-output devices make sounds that resemble human speech butactually are pre-recorded vocalized sounds. Voice output is used as a reinforcement tool forlearning, such as to help students study a foreign language. It is used in many supermarkets atthe checkout counter to confirm purchases. Of course, one of the most powerful capabilities isto assist the physically challenged.
聲音輸出設備聲音輸出設備可以發出類似於人類說話的聲音，但實際上是事先錄製的聲音。聲音輸出被用作學習的加強工具，例如幫助學生學習外語。它被用於許多超市的檢驗櫃檯來確認購買。當然，它最強大的功能是用來幫助殘障者。
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Software refers to computer programs. Programs are the instructions that tell the computerhow to process data into the form you want. There are two kinds of software: system softwareand application software.
軟件指的是計算機程序。程序是告訴計算機如何將數據處理成你想要的形式的指令。有兩種軟件：系統軟件和應用軟件。
System software is a collection of programs that enables application software to run on acomputer system's hardware devices, it is background software and includes programs that helpthe computer manage its own internal resources.
系統軟件是指能讓應用軟件在計算機系統硬件設備上運行的程序的集合，它是後臺軟件並且包括幫助計算機管理自己內部資源的程序。
Application software is a specialized programs that enables the user to accomplish specifictasks.
應用軟件是讓用戶能夠完成特定任務的專門程序。
In this text, we mainly discuss system em software consists of four kinds ofprograms: bootstrap loader, diagnostic routines, basic input-output system, and operatingsystem. Among these four parts, the operating system is we most concerned with, whith helpsmanage computer resources. Most important operating systems are: Windows, Windows NT,OS/2, Macintosh, and Unix.
在這一節中，我們主要討論系統軟件。系統軟件由四種程序組成：引導裝入程序、診斷例程、基本輸入輸出系統和操作系統。在這四種當中，操作系統是我們最爲關心的，它幫助管理計算機資源。最重要的操作系統有Windows、Windows NT、OS/2、Macintosh和Unix。
Windows —Windows gets its name because of its ability to run multiple applications at thesame time, each in its own window. Windows offers graphical user interface (GUI), presents theuser with graphic images of computer functions and data. It provides a standard mechanismfor copying or moving information from one program to another. This mechanism, called theClipboard, means that information created in one context is instantly reusable in another, youdon't need to reenter information or work with clumsy data-transfer utilities. Windows alsohas DDE (dynamic data exchange) and OLE (object linking and embedding) functions. In DDEtwo or more applications can be linked. This way, data created in one application isautomatically entered into the others. OLE, like DDE, links data between tionally, OLE allows the application receiving the data to directly access the applicationthat created the data.
Windows之所以稱爲窗口是因爲它具有能同時運行多個應用程序的能力，並且每一個程序有其自己的窗口。Windows提供圖形用戶界面，給用戶提供計算機的功能和數據的圖像。它提供標準的機制用於將信息從一個程序拷貝或移動到另一個程序。這個機制被稱爲剪貼板，意味着在一個文本中產生的信息可以被另外一個文本立即重新使用，而用戶不需要重新輸入信息或使用繁瑣的數據傳送實用程序。Windows還具有DDE(動態數據交換)和OLE (對象鏈接和嵌入)功能。在DEE中兩個或更多的應用程序可以被鏈接。使用這種方法，在一個應用程序中產生的數據可以自動地進入其他的程序。OLE類似於DEE在應用程序之間鏈接數據。另外，OLE允許接收數據應用程序可以直接訪問建立這個數據的 應用程序。
計算機系統軟件專業英語教程篇二Windows NT—Windows NT is an operating system designed to run on a wide range of powerfulcomputers and microcomputers. It is a very sophisticated and powerful operation loped by Microsoft, Windows NT is not considered a replacement for Window. Rather, it isan advanced alternative designed for very powerful microcomputers and networks. WindowsNT has two major advantages when compare to Windows:
Windows NT它是一種可以在很大泛圍內的功能強大的計算機和微型計算機上運行的操作系統。它是非常複雜和功能強大的操作系統。Windows NT由微軟公司開發，並不是爲了替代確切地說，它是設計給功能非常強大的微型計算機和網絡的另外一個可供選擇的高級(操作系統)。Windows NT和Windows相比較具有兩個主要的優點：
Multiprocessing It is similar to multitasking except that the applications are run independentlyat the same time. For instance, you could be printing a word processing document and using adatabase management program at the same time. With multitasking, the speed at which thedocument is printed is affected by the demands of the database management program. Withmultiprocessing, the demands of the database management program do not affect the printingof the document.
多道處理除了應用程序是同時獨立運行之外，它類似於多任務。比如，你可能正在打印字處理文檔並且同時在使用數據庫管理程序。在這種多任務操作情況下，文件打印的速度會受到使用數據庫管理程序這一要求的影響。使用多道處理要求數據庫管理程序並不影響打印文檔。
Networking In many business environments, workers often use computer to communicate withone another and to share software using a network. This is made possible and controlled byspecial system software. Windows NT has network capabilities and security checks built intothe operating system. This makes network installation and use relatively easy.
網絡在許多商業環境中，工作人員經常使用計算機相互進行交流，並且通過網絡共享軟件。這是可以通過專門的系統軟件來實現和控制的。Windows NT具有網絡功能和嵌入到操作系統內的安全檢測功，這使得網絡安裝和使用相對容易。
OS/2 OS/2 stands for Operating System/2. It was developed jointly by IBM and MicrosoftCorporation. OS/2 has many similarities with Windows NT. It is designed for very powerfulmicrocomputers and has several advanced features. Some of its advantages over Windows NTinclude:
OS/2代表操作系統/2。它是由IBM和微軟公司聯合開發的。OS/2和Windows NT具有許多相似之處。它是設計給功能強大的微型計算機的，並且具有幾個先進特點。它優於Windows NT的一些優點包括：
Minimum system configuration Like Windows NT, OS/2 requires significant memory and harddisk space. However, OS/2 requires slightly less.
最小的系統配置 像Windows NT一樣, OS/2要大的內存和硬盤空間。然而，OS/2需要的較少。
Windows application Like Windows NT, OS/2 does not have a large number of applicationprograms written especially for it. OS/2 can also run Windows programs, but it runs theseprograms slightly faster than Windows NT.
窗口應用 OS/2和Windows NT一樣，沒有很多專門爲它編寫的應用程序。OS/2同樣可以運行程序，但它運行這些程序的速度比Windows NT更 快一些 。
Common user interface Microcomputer application programs written specifically for WindowsNT, as well as for OS/2, have consistent graphics interfaces. Across applications, the user isprovided with similar screen displays, menus, and operations. Additionally, OS/2 offers aconsistent interface with mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers.
共同的用戶界面專門爲Windows NT以及OS/2編寫的微型計算機應用程序，具有一致的圖形界面。在應用程序裏，提供給用戶類似的顯示、菜單和操作。此外，OS/2爲大型機、小型機和微型機提供一致的界面。
Macintosh Operation System —The Macintosh Software, which runs only on Macintoshcomputers, offers a high-quality graphical user interface and is very easy to use. AppleMacintosh System 7.5 designed for Apple computers using Motorola's PowerPC microprocessor,is a significant milestone for Apple. It is a very powerful operating system like Windows NT andOS/2. System 7.5 has network capabilities and can read Windows and OS/2 files. It hasseveral advantages:
Macintosh操作系統它僅運行在Macintosh計算機上，提供高質量的圖形用戶界面，並且很容易使用。AppleMacintosh System 7.5是爲使用Motorola's公司的PowerPC的微處理器的Apple計算機設計的，對於Apple機來說是一個重要的里程碑。它像Windows NT和OS/2―樣是功能強大的操作系統。System 7.5具有網絡功能並能讀出Windows NT和OS/2的文件。它具有幾個優點：
Ease of use The graphical user interface has made the Macintosh popular with manynewcomers to computing. This because it is easy to learn.
容易使用圖形用戶界面使得Macintosh在許多計算機新手用戶中普及，這是因爲它容易學習。
計算機系統軟件專業英語教程篇三Quality graphics Macintosh has established a high standard for graphics processing. This is aprincipal reason why the Macintosh is popular for desktop publishing. Users are easily able tomerge pictorial and text materials to produce nearly professional-looking newsletters,advertisements, and the like.
高質量的圖像Macintosh已經建立了髙標準的圖像處理，這就是爲什麼Macintosh在桌面印刷系統流行的主要原因，用戶可以很容易地將圖片和文字材料組織成比較專業的通信稿、廣告等。
Consistent interfaces Macintosh applications have a consistent graphics interface. Across allapplications, the user is provided with similar screen displays, menus, and operations.
一致的界面Macintosh應用程序具有一致的圖形界面。在所有的應用程序中，提供給用戶相似的屏幕顯示、菜單和操作。
Multitasking Like Windows, Windows NT, and OS/2, the Macintosh System enables you to domultitasking. That is, several programs can run at the same time.
多任務像Windows, Windows NT和OS/2 —樣，Macintosh系統使得你實現多任務，即幾個程序可同時運行。
Communications between Macintosh system allows applications programs toshare data and commands with other applications programs.
程序之間的通信Macintosh系統允許應用程序之間共享數據和命令。
Unix—Unix was originally developed by AT&T for minicomputers and is very good formultitasking. It is also good for networking between computers. Unix initially became popularin industry because for many years AT&T licensed the system to universities for a nominalfee. It is popular among engineers and technical people, with the arrival of very powerfulmicrocomputers, Unix is becoming a larger player in the microcomputer world. Unix can be usedwith different types of computer systems, that is, it is a portable operating system. It is usedwith microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers. The other operatingsystems are designed for microcomputers and are not nearly as portable. It also has theadvantages of multitasking, multiprocessing, multiuser, and networking.
Unix它起初是由AT&T爲微型機開發的，非常適於執行多任務處理。它也適合於計算機之間的網絡鏈接。由於多年來AT&T一直將系統以象徵性的費用提供給大學使用。因此，Unix起初就在工業領域很普及。它在工程師和技術人員中很普及，隨着功能強大的微型計算機的到來，Unix正成爲微機世界的大玩家。Unix可被用於不同類型的計算機系統，也就是說它是便攜式的操作系統。它可用於微型機、小型機、大型機和巨型機上。其他的操作系統被設計用於微型機上且幾乎不可移植。Unix也具有多任務、多道處理、多用戶和網絡功能的優點。
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Applicationsoftware might be described as end-user software. Application softwareperformsuseful work on general-purpose tasks such as word processing and e are certain general-purpose programs that are widely used innearly all career areas. Theyare: word processing, electronic spreadsheets,graphic programs and so on. They are also calledbasic tools and have somecommon features.
應用軟件可被指定爲最終用戶軟件。成用軟件完成有用的通用任務，例如字處理和價格評估。有些是被廣泛用於幾乎所有行業領域的通用程序。它們是：字處理、電子表格和圖像程序等。它們也被稱爲基本工具，並且具有一些共同的特性。
Insert Point：The insert point or cursor shows you whereyou can enter data next. Typically, itis a blinking vertical bar on thescreen. You can move it around using a mouse or the directionalarrow keys onmany keyboards.
插入點：插入點或光標顯示標示着用戶接下來可以輸入數據的地方。一般來說，它是屏幕上閃動的豎直條。用戶可以使用鼠標或鍵盤上的方向鍵移動它。
Menus：Almost all software packages have cally,the menus are displayed in a menubar at the top of the screen. Whenone of these is selected, a pull-down menu appears. This is alist of commandsassociated with the selected menu.
菜單：幾乎所有的軟件都有菜單。一般地，菜中顯示在屏幕頂部的菜單欄中。當其中之一被選中，就會出現下拉式菜中。這是和所選菜單相關的一列命令。
Help：Formost applications, one of the menus on the menu bar is Help. When selected, theHelpoptions appear. [1]These options typically include a table of contents, asearch feature to locatereference information about specific commands, andcentral options to move around.
幫助：對於大多數成用程序，菜單欄中的都有一個“幫助”菜中。當被選中，幫助選項出現。這些選項一般包含一個表的內容，查詢有關特殊命令的說明信息和可以到處移動的集中選項
Button Bars：Buttonbars typically are below the menu bar. They contain icons orgraphicrepresentations for commonly used commands. This offers the user a graphicapproach toselecting commands. It is an example of a graphic user interface inwhich graphic objects ratherthan menus can be used to select commands.
工具欄：工具欄一般位於菜單欄的下面。它們包含圖標或普通命令的圖像表示符。這就使得用戶可以通過圖像符號來選擇命令。工具欄就是圖形用戶界面的一個例子，在圖形用戶界面中使用圖像目標而不是菜單來選擇命令。
Dialog Box：Dialogboxes frequently appear after selecting a command from a pull-downmenu. Theseboxes are used to specify additional command options.
對話框：通常在下拉式菜單中選擇了一個命令之後就會出現對話框。這些對話框用來說明附加的命令選項。
計算機應用軟件專業英語教程篇二Scroll Bars：Scrollbars are usually located on the right and/or the bottom of the enable you to display additional information not currently visible on thescreen.
滾動條：滾動條通常位於屏幕的右邊或底部。它們通常能夠顯示在當前屏幕上看不到的附加信息。
WYSIWYG：Pronounced "wizzy-wig", WYSIWYGstands for "What You See Is What You Get."This means that the imageon the screen display looks the same as the final printeddocument. Applicationprograms without WYSIWYG cannot always display an exactrepresentation of thefinal printed document. The WYSIWYG feature allows the user topreview thedocument's appearance before it is printed out.
WYSIWYG：發“wizzy-wig”音，WYSIWYG代表“所見即所得”。這就意味着在屏幕上顯示的圖像和最終打卬出來的文檔是一樣的。沒有WYSIWYG的應用程序，就不能顯示最終打卬文檔的精確表示。WYSIWYG特性允許用戶在文檔打卬之前預覽文檔的全貌。
Function Keys：Function keys are labeled F1, F2, and so e keys are positioned alongthe left side or along the top of the are used for commands or tasks that areperformed frequently, such asunderlining. These keys do different things in different softwarepackages.
功能鍵：功能鍵被標爲FI、F2等等，這些鍵位於鍵盤的左邊或頂部。它們用於需經常完成的命令或任務，比如下劃線。這些鍵在不同的軟件包內完成不同的事情。
Now let'sintroduce respectively the most common used application software: wordprocessing,and spreadsheets.
現在分別介紹最常使用的應用軟件：字處理和電子表格。
Word processingsoftware is used to create, edit, save, and print documents. Documents canbeany kind of text material. With word processing, you view the words you type ona monitorinstead of on a piece of paper. After you finish your typing, saveyour words on diskettes or harddisk, and print the results on paper.
字處理軟件被用於建立、編輯、保存和打印文檔。文檔可以是任何類型的文本材料。使用字處理，可以瀏覽打在顯示器而不是紙上的文字。打印完畢後，可以將文字存放在軟盤或硬盤上，並且可以將結果打印在紙上。
The beauty ofthis method is that you can make changes or corrections-before printing outthedocument. Even after your document is printed out, you can easily go back andmakechanges. You can then print it out again. Want to change a report fromdouble spaced to singlespaced? Alter the width of the margins on the left andright? Delete some paragraphs and addsome others from yet another document? Aword processor allows you to do all these with ed, deleting,inserting, and replacing—the principal correcting activities—can be done justbypressing keys on the keyboard. Popular word processing software are Word ,WPS and so have some common features.
這種方式的精妙之處在於在用戶打印文檔之前可以進行修改，即使文檔已打印出來，也可以很容易地返回去並進行修改，然後再打印出來。你想把一個報告的行距從雙倍改成單倍嗎?你想改變左右邊距的寬度嗎?你想刪除一些段落並插入其他文檔的一些段落嗎?字處理可以很容易地幫你完成這些亊情。事實上，刪除、插入和替換——幾種主要的修改任務一一隻要按鍵盤上的鍵就可以完成。流行的字處理軟件是Word、WPS等。它們具有一些共同的特性。
Word Wrap andthe Enter Key：One basicword processing feature is word wrap. When youfinish a line, a word processordecides for you and automatically moves the insertion point tothe next begin a new paragraph or leave a blank line, you press the Enter key.
字換行和回車鍵：字處理的一個基本特點是換行。當完成一行時，字處理器就會決定並且自動地將插入點移動到下一行。若要開始一個新段或空一段，可以按回車鍵。
Search and Replace：A search or find command allows you to locateany character, word, orphrase in your document. When you search, the insertionpoint moves to the first place theitem appears. If you want, the program willcontinue to search for all other locations where theitem appears. The replacecommand automatically replaces the word you search for withanother word. Thesearch and replace commands are useful for finding and fixing errors.
查找和替換：查找命令允許在文檔中尋找任何字符、詞或短語。查找時，插入點就會移動到所查項目首次出現的位置。如果還想查，程序就會繼續尋找所查項目出現的所有地方。替換命令會自動地用另外的字來替換所搜尋的那個字。尋找和替換命令對於發現和修改錯誤是非常有用的。
計算機應用軟件專業英語教程篇三Cut,Copy,and Paste：With a wordprocessor, you select the portion of text to be moved byhighlighting it. Usingeither the menu or button bar, choose the command to cut the selectedtext. Theselected text disappears from your screen. Then move the insertion point to thenewlocation and choose the paste command to reinsert the text into thedocument. In a similarmanner, you can copy selected portions of text from onelocation to another.
剪切、拷貝和粘貼：使用字處理，通過醒目顯示選擇要移動的文本部分。使用菜中或工具欄，選擇命令來剪切所選的文本，這樣所選擇的文本就會在屏幕上消失。然後移動插入點到新的位置，選擇粘貼命令，把剪切的內容重新插入到文本。用類似的方法，可以複製選中的文本到另外一個地方。
Spreadsheet：A spreadsheet is an electronic worksheet usedto organize and manipulatenumbers and display options for adsheets are used by financial analysts,accountants, contractors, andothers concerned with manipulating numeric data. Spreadsheetsallow you to tryout various "what-if" kinds of possibilities. That is a powerfulfeature. You canmanipulate numbers by using stored formulas and calculatedifferent outcomes.
電子表格：電子表格是用於組織和管理數字並顯示選項以供分析的電作表。電子表格是由金融分析師、會計師、項目承包人以及其他和操縱數字數據有關的人員來使用的。電子表格允許用戶嘗試各種假設分析的可能性。這是一個很有用的特性。可以通過使用存儲的公式處理數字，並且計算出不同的結果。
A spreadsheethas several parts. The worksheet area of the spreadsheet has letters forcolumnheadings across the top. It also has numbers for row headings down the leftside. Theintersection of a column and row is called a cell. The cell holds asingle unit of position of a cell is called the cell example, "A1" is the cell address of thefirst position on aspreadsheet, the topmost and leftmost position. A cell pointer—also knownasthe cell selector—indicates where data is to be entered or changed in thespreadsheet. Thecell pointer can be moved around in much the same way that youmove the insertion pointer ina word processing program. Excel is the mostcommon spreadsheet software. It has somecommon features of spreadsheet programs.
電子表格具有幾個部分。電子表格的工作表區域在頂部有列標的字母，在左邊有行標的數字。行和列的交點，被稱爲單元格。單元格存有單一的信息。單元格的位置被稱爲是單元格地址。例如，“A1”就是電子表格的首位置，即最頂部和最左邊的位置。單元格指針——也被稱爲是選擇器——指示在表格中數據在那裏輸入及修改。單元格指針可以到處移動，其移動方式非常像在字處理程序中移動插入點的方式。Excel是最常見的電子表格軟件，它具有一些電子表格程序共同的特性。
Format：Label is often used to identify informationin a worksheet, it is usually a word orsymbol. A number in cell is called avalue. Labels and values can be displayed or formatted indifferent ways. Alabel can be centered in the cell or positioned to the left or right. A valuecanbe displayed to show decimal places, dollars, or percent. The number of decimalpositions canbe altered, and the width of columns can be changed.
格式：標號通常用於標記工作表中的信息，通常是一個字或符號。中元格中的數字被稱爲是值。標號和值可以用不同的方式顯示和格式化。標號可以在單元格內居中或居左、居右。值可被顯示小數的位置、美元或百分數。小數位數可以被改變，列的寬度也可以被改變。
Formulas：One of the benefits of spreadsheets is thatyou can manipulate data through theuse of formulas. Formulas are instructionsfor calculations. They make connections betweennumbers in particular cells.
公式：電子表格的優點之一是可以通過使用公式來處理數據。公式是計算的指令，它們能使特殊單元格內的數字之間建立聯繫。
Functions：Functions are built-in formulas that performcalculations automatically.
函數：函數是自動完成計算的內部公式。
Recalculation：Recalculation or what-if analysis is one ofthe most important features ofspreadsheets. If you change one or more numbersin your spreadsheet, all related formulas willrecalculate automatically. Thusyou can substitute one value for another in the cells affectedby your formulaand recalculate the results. For more complex problems, recalculationenablesyou to store long, complicated formulas and many changing values and quicklyproducealternatives.
重新計算：重新計算或“what-if”分析是電子表格最重要的特性之一。如果改變了表格中的一個或多個數字，所有相關的公式將會自動地重新計算。這樣就可以替換由公式改變的單元格內的值，並且重新計算結果。對於較複雜的問題，重新計算讓用戶能夠存儲長的、複雜的公式和許多改變的值，並且很快地產生替換。
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