純正地道美語 第143期(外教講解):關於死刑
Professor: That’s all for today’s class. We will continue our lecture on crime and punishment tomorrow.
A: Do you think we should be tougher on crime?
B: Well, it depends on what you mean.
A:For example, we could bring back the death penalty for murder, give longer prison sentences for lesser offences and lock up juvenile offenders.
B: Those really sound like Draconian measures. Firstly, what do you do about miscarriages of justice if you’ve already put innocent people to death?
A:You’d only use capital punishment if you were absolutely sure that you’d convicted the right person.
B: But, there’ve been many cases of wrongful conviction where people have been imprisoned for many years. The authorities were sure at the time, but later it was shown that the evidence was unreliable. In some cases, it’d been fabricated by the police.
A: Well, no system of justice can be perfect, but surely there’s a good case for longer prison sentences to deter serious crime.
B:I doubt whether they could act as an effective deterrent while the detection rate is so low. The best way to prevent crime is to convince people who commit it that they’re going to be caught. It doesn’t make sense to divert all your resources into the prison system.
A: But if you detect more crimes, you’ll still need prisons. In my reckoning, if we could lock up more juvenile criminals, they’d learn that they couldn’t get away with it. Soft sentences will merely encourage them to do it again.
B: Yes, but remember that prisons are often schools for criminals. To remove crime from society, you really have to tackle its causes.
A: Well, if I were president, I would impose tougher laws and punishment. I would have a peaceful society based on fear of punishment, not consciousness of doing the right thing.
B: You sound like a dictator!
A: Well if it works, why not?
【文章大意】對話圍繞該如何對犯罪刑罰而進行。A認爲應該用嚴厲的刑法來威懾犯罪的人，比如對謀殺罪判以死刑，延長監禁時間等。B認爲，如果那樣做，一旦有誤判，將會造成難以挽回的後果。
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death penalty n. 死刑
prison sentence監禁刑罰
His prison sentence has been remitted.
他的監禁刑罰已獲得赦免.
juvenile offender 未成年的罪犯
Draconian a. 嚴酷的，嚴格的
miscarriage of justice誤判
capital punishment 死刑
fabricate vt. 捏造，僞造
They fabricated evidence and threatened witnesses.
他們僞造證據並威脅目擊者。
deterrent n. 威懾力量(或因素)
divert vt. 轉向；轉移
A ditch diverted water from the stream into the fields.
一條溝渠把水從河裏引向田間。
dictator n. 獨裁者
【拓展詞彙】
diversion n.轉移，轉向
authoritarian adj. 專制的；獨裁的
divisive topic 造成糾紛的爭論
recidivist n. 慣犯
rehabilitate vt.改造
