what與that引導名詞性從句的區別分析
英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，但其實還是有區別的，下面是本站小編給大家帶來的有關於what與that引導名詞的介紹，希望能夠幫助到大家。
I think __________ he needs is more practice.
Yes. __________ he needs more practice is clear.
A. what, What B. that, That C. what, That D. that, What
此題應選 C。其餘三項均可能被誤選。what 和 that 都可以引導名詞性從句，但有區別。如：
1. what 引導名詞從句時，它在從句中要充當句子成分(主語、賓語等)，而 that 引導名詞從句時，它在從句中不能充當句子成分。
2. what 引導名詞從句時，它有詞義(表示：什麼;所的[東西]);而 that 引導名詞從句時，它沒有詞義。
請做以下試題，注意區別 what 和 that。如：
1. ________ you said is different from the thing ________he told us.
A. What, what B. That, that
C. What, that D. That, what
2. I think ________ he said is true
But dont forget the fact ________he is a cheat.
A. what, what B. that, that
C. what, that D. that, what
3. ________ surprised us most is ________he spoke English so well.
A. What, what B. That, that
C. What, that D. That, what
答案：1. C 2. C 3. C
高中英語的情態動詞的介紹1. You went late _______ the stadium yesterday evening, didnt you? Yes, my wife was a little late _______ the supper.
A. to, with B. for, with
C. for, for D. at, for
【陷阱】容易誤選 B 或D。
【分析】答案應選 A。第一空填to 比較好理解，因爲此處的late爲副詞，用以修飾 go to the stadium 中的動詞go;而第二句的 with 則是許多同學不容易想到的，相反，更多地可能是想到 for，現將兩者區別如下：be late for表示做某事遲到，而be late with 表示做某事做晚了(=be late in doing sth)。比較：
We were late for dinner. 我們吃飯遲到了。
We were late with dinner [=in having dinner]. 我們吃飯吃得遲。
句中 my wife was a little late with the supper 的意思是我妻子準備晚飯稍遲了一點。2. We were all worried over _______ you were sick.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
【陷阱】容易誤選A 或 B。
【分析】答案應選 D。按英語習慣，除except, but 等極個別介詞外，英語介詞後通常不能直接跟 that 從句作賓語。遇此情況，通常是在 that 從句前加上 the fact，此時 the fact 用作介詞賓語，而其後 that 從句則用作 the fact 的同位語。請看類似試題(答案選均D)：
(1) They knew nothing about ______ he was a thief.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(2) She must face up to _______ she is no longer young.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(3) What he said at the meeting referred to _______ he was interested in the project.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(4) Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(5) The writer is not satisfied with _______ buses are too crowded.A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
3. Sometimes our opinions differ _______ what we choose to observe and how we deal with what weve observed
A. which B. since
C. because D. because of
He was angry because we were late. 他很生氣因爲我們遲到了。
They cant have gone out because the light is on. 他們不可能出去了，因爲燈還亮着。
Bread is cheap in this supermarket because they bake it themselves.這家超市的麪包是自制的，所以便宜。
假若，一個從句已經有了自己的引導詞，那麼它前面就不宜再用 because 這個連詞了。如：She got angry because of what you said. 她哭是因爲你說的話。
句中的 what 相當於 the thing that，也就是說 what you said 相當於 the thing that you said。其中 the thing 用作 because of 的賓語，而that you said 爲修飾 the thing 的定語從句。
He lost his job because of how he treated his boss. 他因爲對老闆的態度(不好)而丟了工作。
句中的 how 相當於 the way in which，也就是說 how he treated his boss相當於 the way in which he treated his boss。其中 the way 用作 because of 的賓語，而in which he treated his boss 爲修飾 the way 的定語從句。
4. How long have you been an actor? _______ 1995, when I graduated from college.
A. After B. In
C. From D. Since
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案爲D。若僅從答句來看，四個答案都說得過去。但若結合問句的語境以答案應選D，因爲其餘三選項填入空格均不能回答問句所提出的問題。比較：
When did you became an actor? _______ 1995, when I graduated from college.
A. After B. In
C. From D. Since
此題選B，因爲問句問的是when(何時)，所以用 in 1995 來回答便順理成章。
請再看兩題：
(1) How long have you worked on the farm? ____ the end of last year.
A. In B. By
C. At D. Since
答案選D，用 since the end of last year 回答 how long，即問句問工作了多久，答句說自去年年底至今。
(2) How long will you work on the farm? ____ the end of next year.
A. In B. By
C. At D. Since
答案選B，問句問將工作多久，答句說工作明年明底。
(3) When did you leave the farm? ____ the end of last year.
A. In B. By
C. At D. Since
答案選C，問句問何時離開，答句說去年明底離開。
5. Dont be angry _______ me for not having written. I was really too busy.
A. about B. with
C. to D. for
【陷阱】容易誤選B。根據漢語的對某人生氣，將其中的對直譯爲to。
【分析】最佳答案爲 B。按英語習慣，要表示對某人生氣，通常用 be angry with [at] sb，要表示對某事生氣，通常用 be angry at [about] sth(在美國英語中也用 be angry with sth，但不說 be angry with sb)。比較以下表達，其中的對也不用to來翻譯：
你對這些安排感到滿意嗎?
誤：Did you feel satisfied to the arrangements?
正：Did you feel satisfied with the arrangements?
老師應該對他的學生嚴格要求。
誤：Teachers should be strict to their students.
正：Teachers should be strict with their students.
6. In those days, we had no phones, so we have to keep in touch _____ writing often.A. with B. of
C. on D. by
【陷阱】容易誤選A。根據 keep in touch with (與保持聯繫)這一常用搭配推出。
【分析】正確答案是D。by 在這裏表示方式，by writing 意爲通過寫信，全句意爲我們通過經常寫信保持聯繫。請再看幾例(均與介詞搭配有關)：
(1) Weve talked a lot _______ films. How _____ television now?
A. of, with B. with, towards
C. about, about D. for, about
此題不要受 a lot of的影響而誤選A。若第一空選 of，a lot of cars 即爲動詞 talk 的賓語，但實際上動詞 talk 是不及物動詞，不能後接賓語。最佳答案應是C，句中的a lot是修飾動詞 talked 的狀語，talk about纔是一個動詞短語。 全句意爲我們對電影已談了不少，現在談談電視怎麼樣? What about意爲怎麼樣，用於徵求意見。
(2) We all regarded the poor old man ____sympathy.
A. as B. with
C. of D. by
有的同學一看到句中的 regard 和選項中的 as，馬上就聯想到 regard as (把當作)這一搭配，從而斷定此題應選A。但是錯了，原因是將此搭配套入原句，句子意思不通。正確答案是B，句意爲我們大家都很同情這位老人。
高中except賓語從句的介紹1. except+that從句
He has not changed at all except that he is no longer so talkative. 他一點也沒變，只是不像以前那樣愛說話了。
She remembered nothing about him except that his hair was black. 她對他什麼都不記得，只記得他的頭髮是黑的。
This suit fits me well except that the trousers ale too long. 除了褲子太長，這套衣服我穿很合適。
2. except+if從句
Ill take the job except if the pay is too low. 除非工資太低，否則我會接受這一工作的。
3. except+what從句
He has nothing now except what we owe him. 除了我們欠他的錢外，他現在是一無所有了。
I know nothing about it except what I read in the paper. 除了我從報上看到的東西外，我對此一無所知。
4. except+when從句
Im as good a cook as she is except when it comes to (making) pastry. 我做飯做得和她一樣好, 就是不會做油酥餡餅。
The old lady never spoke to anyone except when someone came to visit her. 老太太從來不跟任何人說話，除非有人來探望她。
5. except+where從句
My papers seem to be everywhere except where they ought to be. 我的文件似乎完全不在它們應該放置的地方。
6. except+why從句
I understand everything except why she killed him. 我一切都明白，只是不理解她爲什麼把他殺死了。
He told his parents everything except why he needed so much money. 他把一切都告訴他父母了，只是沒有告訴他們他爲什麼要那麼多錢。
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