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GRE閱讀理解包含幾大部分

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爲了幫助廣大考生了解gre的考試內容,下面小編給大家帶來GRE閱讀理解包含幾大部分,望喜歡!

GRE閱讀理解包含幾大部分

GRE閱讀理解包含幾大部分

閱讀理解題(Reading Comprehension Questions),

文本完成題(Text Completion Questions),

句子等值題(Sentence Equivalence Questions).

具體而言,閱讀理解題包含三種題型:

五選一( Multiple-choice Questions—Select One Answer Choice )

三選多( Multiple-choice Questions—Select One or More Answer Choices )

句子功能題( Select-in-Passage )

其中第一種“五選一”就是目前GRE閱讀的題型。而第二種“三選多”(從三個選項中選出所有適合的答案,正確答案數不定,只選出部分正確答案者 不得分)與第三種“句子功能”題(找到原文中與選項描述相一致的句子並點擊該句子)都是閱讀理解部分新增的題型。對於新GRE語文部分的內容考生不用慌 張,主要還是對單詞和閱讀的把握。

  GRE VerBAl題型介紹-閱讀理解

GRE Reading Comprehension

閱讀理解部分的題型主要包括三種:

(1)選擇題(Multiple-choice,選擇五個選項中唯一正確的答案)

(2)不定項選擇題(Multiple-choice,選擇三個選項中所有正確的答案)

(3)句子點選題(Select-in-Passage,在文章中選擇符合題目要求的句子)

閱讀部分考察的能力如下

▲understanding the meaning of individual words and sentences

▲understanding the meaning of paragraphs and larger bodies of text

▲distinguishing between minor and major points

▲summarizing a passage

▲drawing conclusions from the information provided

▲reasoning from incomplete data to infer missing information

▲understanding the structure of a text in terms of how the parts relate to one another

▲identifying the author's assumptions and perspective

▲analyzing a text and reaching conclusions about it

▲identifying strengths and weaknesses of a position

▲developing and considering alternative explanations

仔細分析一下不難發現,第一、第二條是最基本的語言要求,要求能夠讀懂文字材料;而後面的九條則對考生提出了更高的要求,不論是理解文章的機構還是辨識作者的假設與視角,都要求考生在讀懂文字材料的基礎上進行推理、分析,這又一次證明了GRE考試並不是一個與語言能力測試。

因此,考生在回答閱讀理解部分題目的時候不能僅僅被動的閱讀文字信息,而是要主動分析文章的結構、句子功能和句間關係。

在閱讀部分,考生一次考試遇到的文章總數約爲10篇(不考慮加試的情況),文章題材會涵蓋理工科(physical sciences)、生命科學(biological sciences)、社會科學(social sciences)、商科(business)、文科(arts and humanities)和日常話題(everyday topics,主要出現在邏輯單題中)。

但是,無論文章的題材如何,考生在處理閱讀理解題目的時候一定要注意不要涉及任何的背景知識或者過度推理,因爲ETS對做題的依據已經做了明確說明:

Do not be discouraged if you encounter unfamiliar material; all the questions can be answered on the basis of the information provided in the passage.

所有題目都可以藉助文章中提供的信息作答。

Answer each question on the basis of the information provided in the passage and do not rely on outside knowledge. Sometimes your own views or opinions may conflict with those presented in a passage; if this happens, take special care to work within the context provided by the passage. You should not expect to agree with everything you encounter in the reading passages.

基於文章中的信息回答每一個問題,不要藉助文章之外的信息作答;如考生觀點與文章信息衝突,請以文章的信息爲依據作答;考生不需要支持文章中任何觀點。

  GRE填空題出題原理

填空這種形式對於多年參加考試的同學來說並不陌生,之前的考試不管是考什麼內容,比如語文,數學,物理等都會出現填空這種形式。我們要了解的是GRE填空這種題目類型的特點。

通過已知信息補全未知信息這種填空題源自格式塔心理學(Gestalt Psychology),其中談到:人們在感知不完整事物時,在內心深處總是傾向於將其補全,使之成爲一個完整體。體現在填空題目中,出題人會根據信息的對應關係設置空格,需要考生找到空格對應的成分,然後判斷期間的關係,進而判斷所填信息的大致含義,然後在選項中進行選擇。

所以我們可以把GRE填空思路概括成一個公式:

對應——空格

其中,對應是和空格有語義關係的成分,大部分是題目句子中的已知信息,在雙空題和三空題中也有可能是空格間的對應;橫線“——”代表信息間的關係,基本就是同向或反向的關係。比如舉箇中文的例子:

輕輕地我走了,正如我______ 來。

(A) 輕輕地

(B) 大義凜然地

(C) 小心地

(D) 窸窣地

(E) 驚慌失措地

即使沒有聽過徐志摩的《再別康橋》,根據句子的邏輯關係,也能判斷出空格和“輕輕地”對應,而且由於“正如”表示了相似的關係,故選擇答案A

下面給出一道官方題目:

The composer has never courted popularity: her rugged modernism seems to defy rather than to ______ the audience.

(A) ignore

(B) discount

(C) woo

(D) teach

(E) cow

(參見Official GRE VERBAL REASONING Practice Questions第58頁第1題)

本題中,空格前有rather than這個邏輯表達,表示反向關係,同時在結構上,空格對應了defy,所以最終判斷應該選擇defy的反義詞。defy的意思是“挑釁,蔑視”,選項中合適的是C,woo的意思是“追求,吸引”。

  GRE閱讀真題之PP2-1 Passage 1

PP2-1

Passage 1

Even after numerous products made with artificial sweeteners became available, sugar consumption per capita continue to rise. Now manufactures are introducing fat-free versions of various foods that they claim have the taste and texture of the traditional high-fat versions. Even if the manufacturers’ claim is true, given that the availability of sugar-free foods did not reduce sugar consumption, it is unlikely that the availability of these fat-free foods will reduce fat consumption.

1. Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?

A. Several kinds of fat substitute are available to manufacturers, each of which gives a noticeably different taste and texture to products that contain it.

B. The products made with artificial sweeteners did not taste like products made with sugar.

C. The foods brought out in sugar-free versions did not generally have reduced levels of fat, but many of the fat-free versions about to be introduced are low in sugar.

D. People who regularly consume products containing artificial sweeteners are more likely than others to consume fat-free foods.

E. Not all foods containing fat can be produced in fat-free versions.