雙語達人:你忍心奪走它的笑容嗎?
The Cruelty of Milking Bear Bile
取熊膽之殘忍Recent developments show that approximately 9,000 bears are kept for bear bile farming.
最近的調查顯示，大約有9000只黑熊在熊膽養殖場被圈養。Each day, hundreds of bears are surgically mutilated for their gall bile on bear farms in China.
在中國的月熊養殖場，每天有上百隻月熊因被人類用外科手段活取熊膽而致殘。
In China, before 1996, to milk bile meant to insert a metal or rubber tube directly into bear's gall bladder, leading the bile run through the tube. People often prevented the wound healing. And to prevent the bears from taking away the tube, people would dress the bear with an armour.
活熊取膽意味着用一根長10cm~20cm不等的金屬或橡膠質地導管穿過腹壁直插膽囊。膽汁便順着這根導管汩汩抽出，一般一天抽兩次。爲增加膽汁的流出量，熊場會用特製的針管抽扎進膽囊取膽汁。疼得慘嚎的熊會把自己抓得血肉模糊。甚至將內臟拉扯出來。爲了防止傷口癒合，人們會不時挑撥創口，爲阻止黑熊自己撥開抽管，還會給它們穿上重達10公斤的鐵馬甲。After 1996, tube and armour were forbidden to use, bile fistula implantations took place of it. However, this method also cause great suffering to the bears.
1996年林業部下達了使用無管引流的通知——不再允許使用金屬管或者鐵馬甲，改用腸衣在熊腹部開個肉管道直通膽囊進行引流。無管引流在黑熊的腹壁留下一個長期的開放性創口，極易造成感染，不斷流出的膽汁還會使黑熊的皮膚潰瘍。沒有準確插入膽囊的器具還會直刺腹腔，造成肝臟破裂。Chinese specialists in bear farming techniques inform that for every two successful bile fistula implantations, there are another two or three bear deaths due to complications and infections.
中國研究養殖黑熊技術的專家們指出，每兩隻成功植入導管的黑熊，就會有另外兩到三隻因併發症和受感染而死亡。During bile milking, the bears show signs of severe distress. Moaning and banging of heads against the cage is common, while some bears were seen to chew their own paws. Even after they are set free, they always unconsciously shake their heads, for this has become their habit.
在被擠取膽汁時，黑熊們表現出極其痛苦的樣子。它們痛苦地呻吟，用頭部猛撞籠子，這些都是很常見的，有些黑熊更因太痛了而啃咬自己的手掌。即便它們被解救出來，它們還是會經常不自覺地甩頭，因爲這已成爲它們的習慣。From the age of three, these bears are put in the cage for bear bile. Bears can easily get liver cancer without enough bile. While bears stop producing bile, they are then put in another cage, where they wait, either until death comes through sickness or starvation, or they are killed for their paws and gall bladders.
很多養熊戶便將黑熊長期囚禁於狹窄的鐵籠中，從它三歲開始取膽至死，歷時十五至二十年。膽汁的分泌是有限的，長期丟失膽汁就意味着導致生產膽汁的肝細胞不堪重負而病變甚至癌變。當這些熊不能再產出膽汁時，它們會被送入另一個籠子，在那裏，它們等待，直到因疾病或飢餓而死亡，或者因人們想得到它們的熊掌和膽囊而被殺死。Is Bear Bile on your shelf or in your diet?
熊膽是你的“萬金油”還是你的盤中餐？In recent years, there has been a dramatic growth in the production of bear bile products, which has spawned a market for a whole new range of items far removed from the formulations of traditional Chinese medicine. Today, bile is used as an ingredient in shampoo, wine, eye drops and all manner of pre-prepared ointments.
最近幾年，熊膽產品的需求急劇增加，市場上大量生產新一代的有關熊膽的產品，遠遠脫離了熊膽只作爲中國傳統藥品的構想。現在，熊膽也作爲洗髮精、紅酒、滴眼液的成分之一，還被製成各式各樣的預先加工好的藥膏。There are many alternatives to Bear Bile
很多藥物可以替代熊膽的功能There are many alternatives to bear bile on the market, containing the active constituent found in bear bile: UrsoDeoxyCholic Acid (UDCA). It is estimated that 100,000 kg of synthesised UDCA is already being consumed each year in China, Japan and South Korea, and that the world consumption may be double this figure.
市場上有很多可以替代熊膽功能的藥物，包括在熊膽上發現的有效成分：熊脫氧膽酸。根據估計，每年大約有10萬千克人工合成的熊脫氧膽酸在中國、日本和南韓售賣並使用。全球消費量可能是這個數目的雙倍。Many Chinese practitioners also state that there are at least 75 herbal alternatives that can replace the use of bear bile.
很多中國藥品從業人員稱，至少有75種草藥可以替代熊膽。A passionate advocate for Animals, Jackie Chan has once again teamed up with the World Society for the Protection of Animals (WSPA) to create awareness of a little-known example of appalling cruelty to animals — bear farming in Asia. He called for an end to the cruel practice and showing the intense suffering and deplorable conditions bears on farms are forced to endure.
作爲一名提倡關愛動物的名人，成龍先生曾聯同World Society for the Protection of Animals（世界動物保護會）做公益廣告，想引起各界對亞洲黑熊養殖的關注，提出此種養殖對動物之殘忍，需要各界提高保護意識。在公益廣告中，他呼籲停止這種殘酷對待動物的行爲，還播放了黑熊們在養殖場悽慘沉痛的境遇。
