教宗大舉改革梵蒂岡金融體系

Pope Francis has ordered a sweeping overhaul of the Vatican’s financial system, establishing a powerful new secretariat for the economy as well as a central bank.

教宗方濟各(Pope Francis)已下令徹底改革梵蒂岡的金融體系，爲該國經濟設立一個強有力的新祕書處和一家中央銀行。

The shake-up follows a report by a commission of Cardinals set up last year as the Vatican tackled scandals involving allegations of corruption and money laundering at the Vatican bank and the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See (Apsa), which manages financial holdings and property.

這一重大改革出臺之前，梵蒂岡的一個樞機委員會發布了一份報告。該委員會於去年成立，旨在應對涉及梵蒂岡銀行(Vatican Bank)和宗座財產管理局（Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See，簡稱Apsa）的醜聞，有人指控這兩家機構存在腐敗和洗錢行爲。Apsa負責管理金融資產和房產。

“The idea is to streamline the whole system, especially economic affairs, effectively appointing a minister of finance to pull everything together,” a senior Vatican official, who asked not to be identified, said. “There will be more transparency and more professional guidance.”

“此舉的目的是精簡整個體系，特別是經濟事務，實際上任命了一個財政大臣來統籌各項事宜，”一位不願具名的梵蒂岡高級官員說，“未來會有更大的透明度和更專業的指引。”

The Secretariat for the Economy is to “have authority over all economic and administrative activities within the Holy See and the Vatican City State”, including budget preparation, the Vatican said. It is to implement policies set by a Council for the Economy, comprising eight senior clerics and seven lay experts “with strong professional financial experience”.

梵蒂岡表示，新設立的經濟祕書處(Secretariat for the Economy)將“有權管理聖座(Holy See)和梵蒂岡城國(Vatican City State)的所有經濟和行政活動”，包括編列預算。該處將執行一個經濟委員會(Council for the Economy)制定的政策。該委員會由8名高級神職人員以及7名“嫺熟財政經濟事務”的平信徒專家組成。

Cardinal George Pell, archbishop of Sydney and a member of the advisory commission, will lead the secretariat. The Argentine pontiff, who was elected last March after the abdication of Benedict, will appoint an auditor with oversight powers.

經濟委員會成員、悉尼總主教喬治•佩爾樞機(Cardinal George Pell)將任經濟祕書處處長。去年3月本篤十六世(Benedict XVI)辭職後當選教宗的阿根廷人方濟各，將任命一名有監督權的總檢核長。

As part of the shake-up, the Vatican will transform Apsa into a central bank with the Institute for Works of Religion, commonly known as the Vatican Bank, remaining a separate bank until further decisions are taken on its future role.

作爲這項重大改革的一部分，梵蒂岡還將把Apsa改造爲一家央行；而宗教事務研究所(Institute for Works of Religion)，即俗稱的梵蒂岡銀行，仍將作爲一家單獨的銀行存在，直到梵蒂岡就該行未來扮演的角色做出進一步決定爲止。