克里米亞的風景:自然奇觀和古代遺蹟(多圖)
CrimeaLandscapes: Natural Wonders & Ancient Ruins
克里米亞的風景：自然奇觀和古代遺蹟
TheSwallow’s Nest castle highon the cliff above the beautiful Black Sea has become an icon for Crimea,Ukraine. But the Crimea you hear about now involves the Ukraine crisis. Whilewe hope for a peaceful resolution, Crimea lawmakers voted in favor of leavingUkraine for Russia, as Russia already has the Black Sea peninsula under itscontrol. In 10 days, citizens of Crimea must choose: Stay in Ukraine or joinRussia. The crisis in Ukraine made us remember Gagra, the resort paradiseturned to ruins, aka the abandoned Russian Riviera. We became curious aboutwhat else does Crimea look like, besides a castle? Here are some of what wefound; here are amazing natural wonders in Crimea, gorgeous landscapes andseascapes, places with so many caves that they are known as cave towns, as wellan ancient ruins that go back to medieval times.
燕之巢城堡（The Swallow’s Nest castle）聳立在黑海之濱的懸崖之上，已成爲了克里米亞的標誌。但現在，你能聽到的關於克里米亞的消息就是——“烏克蘭危機”。儘管我們希望“烏克蘭危機”能得到和平的解決，但在俄羅斯已經把黑海半島納入控制之下的時候，克里米亞的立法者們卻在投票尋求脫離烏克蘭加入俄羅斯。在10天之內，克里米亞的公民必須做出選擇：要麼繼續呆在烏克蘭要麼加入俄羅斯聯邦。這次“烏克蘭危機”使我們記住了加格拉這個地方，加格拉這個旅遊勝地將會成爲一片廢墟（加格拉又被稱爲“被拋棄的俄羅斯海岸”）。除了城堡之外，我們越發對克里米亞像什麼產生了興趣。下面是在克里米亞拍攝的一組令人驚奇的自然景觀的照片，其中有美麗的地貌海景、以衆多洞穴著稱的的洞穴小鎮，以及一處可追溯到中世紀時代的古代遺蹟。
Althoughthe Swallow’s Nest castle high on the cliff above the beautiful Black Sea hasbecome an icon for Crimea, Crimea is so much more than a castle or resortsalong the Black Sea. Here are some of Crimea’s amazing natural wonders andancient ruins.
儘管位於黑海之濱、懸崖之上的燕之巢城堡已經成爲克里米亞的標誌，但黑海之畔的一座城堡、一處旅遊勝地並不足以概括克里米亞的全貌。接下來一起欣賞克里米亞的一組令人驚奇的自然奇觀和古代遺蹟的照片。
BearMountain (Ayu-Dag) inCrimea, a natural heritage site in Ukraine. One of 10 Crimean natural placesentered into Ukraine’s top 100 Natural Wonders. National Geo listed Crimea asone of the best trips in 2013, but you can’t go see it right now. In fact, accordingto Wikitravel: WARNING: Crimea has officially been closed by both pro-Russianand pro-Ukrainian forces. Armed pro-Russian gangs of young men have been saidto be patrolling the streets at all hours and brutally beating and robbinganybody suspected of being Ukrainian or western. As the Russian invasion ofCrimea continues, the US State Department encourages all travelers to divertnon-essential travel to Crimea. If you must go be sure to exercise extremecaution, as the situation could quickly escalate. DO NOT in any case wearclothing with insignia of USA, EU, or Ukraine.
位於克里米亞的大熊山（Bear Mountain）是烏克蘭的一處自然遺產。克里米亞有10處自然風景列入烏克蘭的百大自然景觀。美國國家地理頻道把克里米亞列爲2013年度的最佳旅遊目的地之一，但現在你卻無法去克里米亞親眼目睹了。實際上，根據維基旅遊的提示，克里米亞被警告爲危險等級。由親俄和親烏武裝力量共同把持的克里米亞已被正式封閉。由一羣年輕人構成的親俄武裝團伙宣稱將會在街道上進行24小時巡邏，將會對任何被懷疑爲烏克蘭人或西方人的人進行毒打和搶劫。由於俄羅斯入侵克里米亞的態勢還在持續，美國國務院建議所有旅客把克里米亞（設爲爲目的地的）不必要的旅行轉移（到其他地方）。如果你一定要去，那麼一定要尤爲當心，因爲克里米亞的局勢可能會瞬息萬變。尤其要當心，在任何情況下不要穿着帶有美國、歐盟或烏克蘭標記的衣服。
It’ssaid that about 60% of Crimea’s population is Russian, since Crimea was part ofRussia until it was ceded to Ukraine in 1954 by the Soviet Union. You may haveheard that in the news, but we want to show you beauty and not strife. Did youknow that Crimea has a Grand Canyon? This is one of the waterfalls in theCrimean Grand Canyon.
據說克里米亞的人口中60%是俄羅斯族，克里米亞曾是俄羅斯的一員，直到1954年被前蘇聯劃分給了烏克蘭。你也許已經在新聞中聽說了這件事，但是我們想展示給你的是美景而不是衝突。你可知道克里米亞有一處大峽谷？這就是克里米亞大峽谷的一處瀑布的照片。
Onthe way to the Crimea Grand Canyon, Uch-Cosh clove.
在去克里米亞大峽谷的路上，Uch-Coshclove。
Campersat Fiolent Cape, Crimea. Cape Fiolent is along the Crimean peninsula betweenSevastopol to Balaklava. It has volcanic origin and has numerous rocks ofvarying sizes from stones to minature islands.
圖片：在克里米亞Fiolent海角露營的露營者。Fiolent海角位於克里米亞半島的塞瓦斯托波爾和巴拉克巴瓦之間，Fiolent海角由火山岩構成，不同大小的岩石構成了很多小島。
Thelost lighthouse, Crimea.
克里米亞·遺失的燈塔
Awaterfall the photographer called “Jur-Jur” in Crimea.
在克里米亞地區，一條被攝影師稱爲“Jur-Jur”的瀑布。
TheKara Dag (Black Mountain) is a volcano on the Black Sea in Crimea. There isalso a Kara Dag Nature Reserve.
卡拉達格（即黑山）是位於克里米亞地區黑海之中的一座火山。在那裏建有一個卡拉達格自然保護區。
GoldenGate natural arch, Karadag nature reserve as seen from the Black Sea. Thereserve was created in 1979 to protect Europe’s only Jurassic period rockyshoreline massif. Formations on the reserve came from extinct volcanoes.
圖片：從黑海之上看卡拉達格自然保護區天然過程形成的金門拱門。該保護區建於1979年，用於保護歐洲地區唯一的一個由侏羅紀時期岩石構成的海岸線地貌。死火山最終形成了這個自然保護區。
Crimeanwinter landscape, also tagged Ai-Petri, “the most famous mountain” from whichto contemplate the beauty of Crimea.
克里米亞埃佩特里山（Ai-Petri）的冬季景觀，埃佩特里山被稱爲“最著名的山峯”，在這裏你可以眺望整個克里米亞的美景。
AboveLaspy Bay, these rocks are called Devil Fingers.
圖片：Laspy灣，這些岩石被稱爲惡魔的手指。
Massivepanorama of Balaklava Bay.
巴拉克拉瓦海灣的全景圖
Balaklavaunderground was formerly a classified submarine base; it was operational until1993.
巴拉克拉瓦地道先前是一個潛艇基地，它一直運營到1993年。
imir’s Cathedral overlooks the extensive excavations and Ruins ofChersonesos, Crimea. Chersonesus “is an ancient Greek colony foundedapproximately 2,500 years ago in the southwestern part of the CrimeanPeninsula. The ancient city is located on the shore of the Black Sea at theoutskirts of Sevastopol on the Crimean Peninsula of Ukraine, where it isreferred to as Khersones. It has been nicknamed the ‘Ukrainian Pompeii’ and ‘RussianTroy’.”
聖弗拉基米爾大教堂高聳在這座克里米亞的切索尼斯遺蹟之上。切索尼斯遺址位於克里米亞半島東南部，是一個古希臘的殖民地，大約建立於2500年前。這座古城位於黑海之濱，位於克里米亞半島烏克蘭塞瓦斯托波爾市的郊區。它有個綽號叫做“烏克蘭的龐貝古城”和“俄羅斯的特洛伊”。
Caveon Mt. Ay-Petri, Crimea.
克里米亞Ay-Petri山的一處洞穴
Esky-Kermen (Eski Kermen) cavetown in Crimea was a medieval city-stronghold.
克里米亞的Esky-Kermen(Eski Kermen)洞穴小鎮在中世紀是一個城市要塞。
BothChufut Kale and Mangup Kale are cave-towns. Kale means “fortress” and Mangup isthe biggest cavern fortress on the Crimean peninsula. There are ancientdefensive walls, now ruins, still standing in Mangup. There are also caves,some still used as monasteries or temples. The biggest and the most unique caveis “Baraban Koba. There is a column inside it, and if you hit it, it makes adrumming sound.” The photographer called this Mangupshot, “A stone apartment.”
ChufutKale和angupKal是兩個洞穴小鎮。Kale是“堡壘、要塞”的意思，Mangup是克里米亞半島最大的洞穴堡壘。這裏有古代城牆的遺址仍屹立於此，這裏也有洞穴，它們 其中的一些仍被當作修道院或寺廟使用。最大且最獨一無二的一處叫BarabanKoba，這裏有一個石柱，如果你敲擊它，它會發出擊鼓的聲音。攝影師把這一景觀稱爲“石頭公寓”。
Mammothbones in Marble Cave, Crimea. Although Marble Cave was not named as one of the7 Natural Wonders of Ukraine, it was nevertheless notable enough to be given ahat tip.
圖片：克里米亞一處大理石洞穴裏的猛獁遺骨。雖然大理石洞穴未能列入烏克蘭七大自然景觀之一，但它顯赫的名聲足以讓我們脫帽致敬。
Chufut-Kalecave city served as another fortress in the middle ages. There are around 200caves at Chufut that have been used as shelters, as churches, mosques, andprayer houses over the centuries.
Chufut-Kale洞穴小鎮在中世紀是另一處要塞。在Chufut，這裏有大約200個洞穴。幾個世紀以來，這些洞穴被用作庇護所、教堂、清真寺以及禱告屋。
Adalary, island rocks of Gursuf, Crimea.
Lookingtoward Yalta from the ridge Kizil-Kaya, the Yaltamountain nature reserve. Yalta is a beautiful resort town along the Black Sea;the town has numerous historically famous and modern attractions.
從雅爾塔山自然保護區的Kizil-Kaya山脊俯瞰雅爾塔。雅爾塔是黑海沿岸的一處旅遊勝地，這座城鎮有許多在歷史上非常著名而又充滿現代氣息的景點。
Churchof Christ’s Resurrection in Foros, Crimea.
弗羅斯，基督復活的教堂
BlackSea and tree growing on the rocks of the Crimean Mountains.
圖片：黑海以及長在克里米亞山脈上的樹
Para-sailingby the Black Sea over the amazing Koktebel Valley landscape.
滑翔在黑海與科克特貝爾山谷之上
CapeMartyan, near Nikita Botanical Garden, Crimea. CapeMartyan Reserve consists of 590 acres (240 hectares) divided almost evenlybetween land and the adjoining Black Sea.
圖片：位於克里米亞，在Nikita植物園附近的Martyan海角。Martyan海角自然保護區佔地590英畝（約合240公頃），幾乎平均地把陸地和黑海分隔開來。
Besidesthese natural wonders, Crimea has incredible architecture and many man-madewonders like the Swallows Nest, a castle built for love, but steeped in sadhistory.
除了這些自然奇觀之外，克里米亞還有令人難以置信的建築風格以及許多人造奇觀，比如燕之巢城堡，這座城堡爲愛而建，卻充滿了一段陰鬱的歷史。
Autumnwaterfall in the forest of Crimea.
克里米亞，金秋時節森林中的瀑布。
S
從直升飛機上看陽光下的克里米亞山脈
Viewof Balaklava as seen from the Genoese fortress.
從Genoese城堡看巴拉克拉瓦港口
Genoesefortress in Sudak, Crimea. It was founded in 1371. The fortress was built atopan ancient coral reef formation now located 492 ft (150 m) above sea level.
Genoese城堡位於克里米亞的蘇達克地區。這座城堡建於1371年。它建在一座珊瑚礁岩之上，距海平面492英尺（約150米）。
Thearea around Crimea has seen many wars over the centuries and has many photographer wrote, “This photo was taken during a hike nearby Sudak. Thehills were gently rounded and the landscape was somewhat similar to thatpresented in ‘Fallout’ video games (out-of-ordergas stations, giant rusted tanks etc., no people at all). We came uponsomething looking like a small, abandoned farm. The place was so perfectly andprecisely ruined it looked almost like a movie set! It seemed that the only inhabitantswere this cow and a pig, resting in mud nearby.”
克里米亞半島周圍地區在過去的幾百年裏經歷了許多戰爭，有許多遺蹟。攝影師寫道，“這張照片是在Sudak附近徒步旅行時拍攝的。這座山呈圓形，這座山的景觀有點類似於“Fallout”電子遊戲中的場景 (無序的加油站、巨大的已經生鏽了的坦克等、毫無人煙等)。我們來到了一個看上去像一個廢棄的小農場的地方。這個地方是如此的完美但卻恰恰毀於戰爭，這看上去就像電影中的場景。這裏唯一的居民就是這頭牛和一頭在泥漿附近休息的豬。”
TheRussia – Ukraine conflict, more stormy times ahead for Crimea? Cloudwave over Khaphal
圖片：漂浮在Khaphal上的雲層 俄羅斯與烏克蘭的衝突，對克里米亞來說是暴風雨嗎？
Doublerainbow over Village Tankovoe, Bakhchisaray district,Crimea.
克里米亞，巴赫奇薩賴地區Tankovoe村莊上空的雙虹。
Storm,water spout, on the Black Sea.
黑海之上的水龍捲
Differentperspective in Crimea, yellow cable car over Yalta.
從另一個視角看克里米亞，從黃色的纜車之上俯瞰雅爾塔。
“TheRing” — creepy capture in a Crimean cave.
“午夜兇鈴”——從一個克里米亞洞穴抓拍到的令人毛骨悚然的一幕
Crimea, lighthouse at ea…Ukraine’s or Russia’s? Not even taking into account the fabulous resorttemperatures or seaside military advantage, it’s not hard to see why anycountry might want Crimea as their own.
圖片：克里米亞，黎明時分的燈塔。克里米亞，到底是烏克蘭的還是俄羅斯的？即使不把克里米亞的勝地美景或海上的軍事優勢考慮在內,也不難看出爲什麼任何一個國家都想把克里米亞據爲己有。
