芝加哥的別名，你知道多少？

A nickname is a shortened version of a person's name. A nickname also can describe a person, place or thing. Many American cities have interesting nicknames. These can help establish an identity, spread pride among citizens and build unity.

別名是一個人名字的縮寫形式，也可以是一個人、地方或物品的描述性名稱。許多美國城市都有有趣的別名，這樣可以幫助創建一個城市的風格，在市民間傳播自豪感，建立團結。

Chicago, Illinois was once the second largest city in the United States. So, one of its nicknames is The Second City. Over the years, the population of Chicago has decreased. Today it is the third largest American city.
伊利諾伊州的芝加哥曾經是美國第二大城市。所以，芝加哥的一個別名就是“第二城”。多年來，芝加哥的人口不斷減少。今天，芝加哥變成了美國第三大城市。

However, another nickname for Chicago is still true today. It is The Windy City. Chicago sits next to Lake Michigan, one of North America's Great Lakes. Language expert Barry Popick says on his web site that Chicago was called a "windy city" because of the wind that blows off of Lake Michigan. In the eighteen sixties and seventies, Chicago was advertised as an ideal place to visit in the summer because of this cool wind.

然而，芝加哥的另一個別名今天仍名副其實。這個別名就是“風城”。芝加哥坐落在北美五大湖之一密歇根湖畔。語言學家巴里·波皮克在他的網站上表示，芝加哥之所以被稱爲“風城”是因爲從密歇根湖吹來的風。在十九世紀六七十年代，芝加哥標榜其涼風習習，是夏日避暑的理想場所。

Barry Popick says other cities in the central United States called Chicago a "windy city." This meant that people in Chicago liked to brag or talk about how great their city was. They were full of wind or full of hot air. He says newspapers in Cincinnati, Ohio used this expression in the eighteen seventies.

波皮克表示，美國中部其他城市稱芝加哥爲“浮誇之城”。意思是說芝加哥人喜歡吹噓或談論芝加哥有多了不起，空話連篇，誇誇其談。他說，俄亥俄州辛辛那提的報紙曾在19世紀70年代使用過這個說法。

In nineteen sixteen, the city gained two more nicknames from a poem called "Chicago," written by Carl Sandburg. Chicago was called Hog Butcher for the World because of its huge meat-processing industry. And, it was called The City of the Big Shoulders or City of Broad Shoulders because of its importance to the nation.

1916年，芝加哥從卡爾·桑德堡創作的《芝加哥》一詩中又獲得了兩個別名。由於其龐大的肉類加工行業，芝加哥被稱爲“世界屠豬城”。同時由於其對全國的重要性，又被叫做“巨肩之城”。