Montage蒙太奇

大家聽說過蒙太奇嗎?蒙太奇是電影的基本結構手段和敘事方式，是電影藝術的基礎。接下來，小編給大家準備了Montage蒙太奇,歡迎大家參考與借鑑。

Montage originates from a French architectural(建築學的) term， which has been borrowed by the film-making field and refers to the choosing， Cutting and combining of separate photographic material so as to make a connected film①. The film artists divide the content into different stages， scenes， etc. and treat them respectively(分別); then based on the theme and the plot， use certain techniques，to edit them， producing the effects of coherence1， echo， contrast， symbolization2， exaggeration， foil and suspense3， resulting in an integrated artistic4 work②. In Charlie Chaplin’s Modern Times， the first scene is of a flock of sheep being put into the fold(羊欄)， and the next is of a group of workers surging into(涌進) the factory. The two different shots， edited and spliced5(接合) together，

imply that the capitalists treat workers as livestock6(牲畜).

Montage can be divided into narrative7(敘述性的) and expressive8 montage. Narrative montage is based on the development of the plot， by which the audience is attracted and enabled to follow the chronological9(按年代順序排列的) order， to learn the causes and effects easily. If subdivided(細分)，narrative montage consists of consecutive10 montage， paralleled montage， crossing montage and reviewing montage③. But they are not used separately. In film， they merge11 into and supplement one another to manage the subject more freely and thoroughly12④. Expressive montage is a more abstract， general， suggestive and symbolic13 method calling for the audience’s initiative(主動)， meditation(沉思)and analysis(分析). It includes contrastive montage， metaphorical14 montage， psychological montage and rational montage⑤. Unlike narrative montage， expressive montage combines all the shots directly，even without concrete(具體的) images， and probably forces the audience to understand in their own way the internal implications(內涵) carried out by the abstract codes(符號).

【難句解析】

①蒙太奇是電影的基本結構手段和敘事方式，是電影藝術的基礎。蒙太奇一詞來自法語，本是一個建築學上的術語，意思是構成和裝配。借用到電影藝術中，蒙太奇是指剪輯和組合。

②在影片製作中，藝術家們根據劇本主題的需要、情節的發展將影片所要表現的內容分解爲不同的段落、場面、鏡頭，分別進行拍攝和處理。然後再通過一定的藝術技巧，合乎邏輯而又富有節奏地把它們組合起來，使其相互作用而產生連貫、呼應、對比、暗示、誇張、襯托、懸念等效果，構成一部完整的藝術作品。

③敘事蒙太奇具體可分爲連續式蒙太奇、平行式蒙太奇、交叉式蒙太奇和復現式蒙太奇。

④但它們不是孤立的運用，在影片製作過程中往往相輔相成，有機融合，互相襯托和補充，使敘述的內容更加豐富、自由和靈活。

⑤表現蒙太奇具體可分爲對比蒙太奇、隱喻蒙太奇、心理蒙太奇和理性蒙太奇。

　　擴展：破釜沉舟

Break the cooking pots and sink the boats——Cut off all means of retreat(退卻)

Toward the end of the third century BC，General Zhang Han of the Qin Dynasty led his army against the State of Chu and defeated(擊敗)the Chu g Han was so carried away with the victory that he neglected(忽略)another Chu army in the led his army north to attack the State of King of Zhao retreated to the city of Julu，present day Xingtai in North China’s Hebei province，and Zhang Han surrounded(包圍)the city.

On learning that the King of Zhao was in danger，the King of Chu in the south sent his two

generals Song Yi and Xiang Yu to rescue(解救)the King of Zhao.

The two generals led their troops(軍隊) they have gone half way，General Song Yi refused to advance before a stayed there for 46 g Yu tried to persuade Song Yi to advance further but Song Yi turned a deaf Xiang Yu killed him and reported it to the King made Xiang Yu the top g Yu then sent his officers and 20 thousand soldiers across the river to fight Zhang Han’s they couldn’t break through， because the enemy troops greatly outnumbered(數量上勝過) officers asked for more soldiers.

At this time，Xiang decided1 to lead all his soldiers across the river to win the battle. He sank the boats after crossing the river，smashed(打碎)his army’s cooking pots and set fire to their ordered his soldiers to take only three days’ had to advance and win the battle，because they couldn’t enough，the soldiers fought heroically and defeated Zhang Han’s troops and rescued the King of Zhao.

Xiang Yu’s resolute2 actions were later summed up in the idiom Pò Fǔ Chén Zhōu and people use

it to describea person’s resolve(決心)to win.

Questions：

’s the meaning of “carry away”?

h word has the close meaning to“turn a deaf ear”?

you were Xiang Yu，what had you done under that circumstance(情況)?