東京奧運會推遲至2021年夏天 此前曾有五屆奧運會推遲或取消
受新冠肺炎全球疫情影響，日本首相安倍晉三於3月24日與國際奧委會主席巴赫達成一致，東京奧運會將確定推遲至2021年舉辦，最晚不超過2021年夏天，名稱依舊爲“東京2020年奧運會和殘奧會”。
Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and the International Olympic Committee have agreed that the upcoming Tokyo Games "will be held by the summer of 2021," the prime minister's office announced Tuesday.
日本首相安倍晉三辦公室於本週二（3月24日）宣佈，首相安倍晉三和國際奧委會一致同意，東京奧運會將推遲至2021年舉辦，最晚不超過2021年夏天。
The 2020 Summer Olympics were originally slated to kick off in Japan's capital on July 24, but there has been mounting pressure for organizers to postpone or cancel the Games due to an ongoing pandemic of the novel coronavirus, which the World Health Organization warned Monday is "accelerating."
2020年東京奧運會原定於7月24日在日本首都東京開幕，但由於新冠肺炎疫情持續，組織者面臨的推遲或取消奧運會的壓力越來越大。世界衛生組織於本週一（3月23日）警告稱，“疫情正在加速蔓延”。
"I proposed to postpone for about a year and president Bach responded with 100% agreement," Abe told reporters in Tokyo Tuesday, referring to Thomas Bach, head of the International Olympic Committee.
本週二（3月24日），安倍晉三在東京對記者說：“我提議推遲大約一年，國際奧委會主席托馬斯·巴赫表示完全同意。”
Abe -- who pushed hard for Tokyo's selection as the host city -- and Bach both agreed that the Games "must be rescheduled to a date beyond 2020 but not later than summer 2021," according to a joint statement from the International Olympic Committee and the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee.
根據國際奧委會和東京奧組委的聯合聲明，安倍晉三與巴赫一致同意“奧運會必須重新安排到2020年以後，但不得晚於2021年夏天”。爲了爭取申辦成功，安倍晉三曾付出艱辛的努力。
"The leaders agreed that the Olympic Games in Tokyo could stand as a beacon of hope to the world during these troubled times and that the Olympic flame could become the light at the end of the tunnel in which the world finds itself at present," the statement said. "Therefore, it was agreed that the Olympic flame will stay in Japan. It was also agreed that the Games will keep the name Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020."
聲明稱：“雙方一致認爲，在這個困難時期，東京奧運會可以成爲世界的希望燈塔，奧林匹克聖火可能成爲當今世界所處困境的希望之光，因此奧林匹克聖火將繼續保留在日本。雙方還同意，本屆賽事的名稱依舊爲‘東京2020年奧運會和殘奧會’。”
a beacon of hope：希望的燈塔
Japan appears to have successfully slowed the spread of the respiratory virus on home soil so far, with just 1,140 diagnosed cases as of Tuesday, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University's Center for Systems Science and Engineering.
根據約翰霍普金斯大學系統科學與工程中心彙編的數據，目前日本似乎已經成功地減緩了新冠病毒在本土的傳播，截至本週二（3月24日），日本確診病例僅有1140例。
But as the health crisis deepens in other parts of the world, including Europe and North America, a growing number of Olympic teams and athletes called on organizers to delay or cancel the 2020 Summer Olympics.
但隨着歐洲和北美等世界其他地區的健康危機加劇，越來越多的奧運代表團和運動員呼籲組織者推遲或取消2020年夏季奧運會。
Canada was the first country to announce it would not be sending athletes to this year's Olympics due to risks associated with the coronavirus pandemic. The Canadian Olympic Committee and the Canadian Paralympic Committee called on organizers to delay the Games for one year.
由於擔心新冠肺炎疫情帶來的風險，加拿大成爲第一個宣佈將不派運動員參加今年奧運會的國家。加拿大奧委會和加拿大殘奧委會呼籲組織者將奧運會推遲一年。
"While we recognize the inherent complexities around a postponement, nothing is more important than the health and safety of our athletes and the world community," the committees said in a joint statement Sunday. "This is not solely about athlete health -- it is about public health."
加拿大奧委會和加拿大殘奧委會在上週日（3月22日）的一份聯合聲明中表示：“雖然我們認識到延期的內在複雜性，但沒有什麼比我們的運動員以及國際社會的健康與安全更重要。這不僅僅關乎運動員的健康——還關乎公共健康。”
Australia followed suit. After deciding unanimously not to send a team, the Australian Olympic Committee said in a statement that "our athletes now need to prioritize their own health and of those around them, and to be able to return to the families."
澳大利亞緊隨其後。在一致決定不派出代表團之後，澳大利亞奧委會在一份聲明中表示：“我們的運動員現在需要優先考慮自己和周圍人的健康，並能夠回到家人身邊。”
Australian Olympic Committee CEO Matt Carroll said athletes should prepare for the Tokyo Games in 2021.
澳大利亞奧委會首席執行官馬特·卡羅爾說，運動員應該爲2021年舉辦的東京奧運會做準備。
"The athletes desperately want to go to the games," Carroll told reporters in Sydney on Monday, "but they also take onboard their own personal health."
卡羅爾於本週一（3月23日）在悉尼接受記者採訪時說：“運動員們都非常想參加奧運會，但他們也很重視自己的身體健康。”
"We need to give our athletes that certainty," he added, "and that's what we've done."
他補充道：“我們需要給我們的運動員確定的消息，這就是我們所做的。”
史上第六次奧運會被推遲或取消
The Summer Olympics is the biggest sporting event in the world, typically bringing more than 10,000 athletes from around the world together every four years, The New York Times reports.
據《紐約時報》報道，夏季奧運會是世界上規模最大的體育賽事，每四年舉辦一屆，有來自世界各地的一萬多名運動員參加。
It's extremely rare for the Summer or Winter Olympics to be postponed or canceled. Since 1896, when the modern Olympic Games began, it has happened only six times—and it usually requires a war.
夏季或冬季奧運會被推遲或取消的情況極爲罕見。自1896年現代奧運會開始以來，這種情況只發生過6次，而且通常發生在戰爭時期。
The Olympic Games were canceled during World War I and World War II. The 1940 Summer Games, scheduled to take place in Tokyo, were moved to Helsinki , Finland due to war, and they were later canceled altogether. The current coronavirus pandemic marks the first time the competition has ever been temporarily postponed for a reason other than war.
奧運會在第一次世界大戰和第二次世界大戰期間被取消。原定於1940年在東京舉行的夏季奧運會，由於戰爭原因舉辦地改爲芬蘭赫爾辛基，之後被完全取消。此次因新冠肺炎疫情推遲奧運會是首次由於戰爭以外的原因而暫時推遲這一賽事。
六次被推遲或取消的奧運會分別是：
1916 Summer Olympics // Berlin, Germany 1916年德國柏林夏季奧運會（一戰期間）
1940 Summer Olympics // Tokyo, Japan and Helsinki, Finland 1940年日本東京（芬蘭赫爾辛基）夏季奧運會（二戰期間）
1940 Winter Olympics // Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 1940年德國加爾米施-帕滕基興冬季奧運會（二戰期間）
1944 Summer Olympics // London, United Kingdom 1944年英國倫敦夏季奧運會（二戰期間）
1944 Winter Olympics // Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy 1944年意大利科爾蒂納丹佩佐冬季奧運會（二戰期間）
2020 Summer Olympics // Tokyo, Japan 2020年日本東京夏季奧運會（新冠肺炎疫情期間）
