小國家大表率：盧森堡將成爲世界首個公交全免費的國家大綱

在歐洲，有一個袖珍公國，國土面積僅2500多平方公里，它就是盧森堡。但就是這個小國，將成爲世界上首個公共交通全免費的國家，明年夏天起，乘坐火車、電車和巴士統統免費。

Luxembourg is set to become the first country in the world to make all its public transport free.

盧森堡將成爲世界首個公共交通全免費的國家。

Fares on trains, trams and buses will be lifted next summer under the plans of the re-elected coalition government led by Xavier Bettel, who was sworn in for a second term as prime minister on Wednesday.

再度當選的格扎維埃·貝泰爾領導下的聯合政府推出計劃，從明年夏天起，火車、電車和巴士的車費全免。貝泰爾5日剛宣誓就職首相，開始他的第二任期。

Bettel, whose Democratic party will form a government with the leftwing Socialist Workers’ party and the Greens, had vowed to prioritize the environment during the recent election campaign.

貝泰爾在競選活動中曾經承諾，將把環境保護放在優先地位。貝泰爾所屬的民主黨將和左翼社會主義工人黨、綠黨一起組建聯合政府。

On top of the transport pledge, the new government is also considering legalizing cannabis, and introducing two new public holidays.

除了交通免費的承諾外，新政府還考慮將大麻合法化，並增加兩個公共節假日。

Luxembourg City, the capital of the small Grand Duchy, suffers from some of the worst traffic congestion in the world.

盧森堡大公國的首都盧森堡市是全世界交通最擁堵的國家之一。

It is home to about 110,000 people, but a further 400,000 commute into the city to work. A study suggested that drivers in the capital spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams in 2016.

盧森堡市的人口約11萬，但還有40萬人每日通勤進城上班。研究顯示，2016年盧森堡的司機浪費在交通堵塞上的時間平均爲33個小時。

While the country as a whole has 600,000 inhabitants, nearly 200,000 people living in France, Belgium and Germany cross the border every day to work in Luxembourg.

儘管這個國家的居民總數爲60萬，但是每天有近20萬居住在法國、比利時和德國的人跨境到盧森堡來上班。

Luxembourg has increasingly shown a progressive attitude to transport. This summer, the government brought in free transport for every child and young person under the age of 20. Secondary school students can use free shuttles between their institution and their home. Commuters need only pay €2 for up to two hours of travel, which in a country of just 999 sq miles (2,590 sq km) covers almost all journeys.

盧森堡對交通問題的態度與時俱進。今年夏天，政府出臺政策，免除兒童和20歲以下青少年的公交費。中學生每天往返學校和家可以乘坐免費班車。通勤族乘坐公交兩個小時只需支付2歐元（15.6元人民幣），而對於一個領土面積只有999平方英里（2590平方公里）的國家來說，去國內的任何地方都可以在兩個小時的車程內搞定。

Now, from the start of 2020 all tickets will be abolished, saving on the collection of fares and the policing of ticket purchases.

從2020年起，盧森堡所有的車票都將被廢除，檢票、售票監控手續也將免除。

The policy is yet to be fully thought through, however. A decision has yet to be taken on what to do about first- and second-class compartments on trains.

不過，該政策還需要經過充分的斟酌。關於火車一等座和二等座的車費問題還懸而未決。

Bettel only just scraped back into government in the recent election. Opinion polls before October’s poll had indicated that the Christian Social People’s party (CSV) – led for 19 years by the European commission president, Jean-Claude Juncker – would end Bettel’s five years as prime minister.

在最近的大選中，貝泰爾險些未能重新當選。10月大選投票前的民意調查顯示，基督教社會人民黨的領導人讓-克洛德·容克可能會給貝泰爾五年的首相生涯畫上句號。容克是歐盟委員會主席，領導基督教社會人民黨已有19年。

The CSV, however, lost seats, while the Greens gained three seats. The result gave the coalition 31 seats in the 60-seat chamber.

然而，最終基督教社會人民黨損失三個席位，而綠黨增得三個席位。結果聯合政府在議會全部60個席位中佔據了31個席位。

The policy of the new government that has caused the most debate, however, has been that of legalizing the purchase, possession and consumption of cannabis for recreational use.

新政府的政策中引發最多爭議的是將購買、持有和消費娛樂性質的大麻合法化。