中國嚴防埃博拉進入本土大綱

Charles Abior and his family have been doing business in China for more than 40 years, but this debonair Nigerian says he was denied entry to the recent Canton trade fair owing to fears that he was an Ebola carrier.
查爾斯•艾比奧(Charles Abior)和他的家人在中國做了40多年生意。然而，這名樂觀自信的尼日利亞人表示，由於擔心他是埃博拉病毒攜帶者，最近舉辦的廣交會不讓他入內。

Now police call his hotel regularly and government doctors show up to take his temperature every few days. “I keep telLing them, Nigeria is Ebola free,” says the businessman, who buys cosmetics in China and sells them in Nigeria.
中國警方會定期給他所在的酒店打電話，政府派出的醫生每過幾天就會來給他量體溫。這位商人表示：“我一直在告訴他們，尼日利亞沒有出現埃博拉疫情。”艾比奧在中國採購化妝品，然後在尼日利亞銷售。

Africans around the world – even those from countries far removed from the west African nations most affected by the virus – are feeling the brunt of public panic from locals who fear they may catch the dreaded virus from them.
全球各地的非洲人都感受到了民衆的恐慌，當地人擔心會被他們傳染上可怕的埃博拉病毒。即使他們來自的國家與埃博拉疫情最嚴重的西非國家遠隔千山萬水，也能感受到這種衝擊。

China, with its 1.4bn population and overcrowded cities, has had no confirmed cases of Ebola, and controls on the media appear to have kept the level of public concern relatively low. Beijing will do whatever it takes to keep Ebola out of China, including effectively banning some Africans from the recent Canton fair and enlisting hotels to help monitor others. After being turned away from the fair, Mr Abior travelled to Yiwu, the vast international market town in eastern China where African traders come in their thousands to buy everything from rubber gloves to hairbands, from bedsheets to women’s underwear, from 200,000 vendors. Yiwu is on the frontline of Beijing’s efforts to keep Ebola out of China, along with Guangzhou, host of the Canton fair.
中國有14億人口，而且城市人口極爲密集。目前，中國並未確診埃博拉病例，政府似乎也已通過對媒體的監控，將公衆的擔憂保持在相對較低的水平上。爲了把埃博拉病毒封堵在中國之外，中國政府會採取一切可能措施，包括從實質上禁止部分非洲人蔘加近期的廣交會，以及要求酒店幫助監控其他非洲人。在被廣交會拒之門外後，艾比奧來到了義烏。義烏是華東一個規模巨大的國際化集鎮，數以千計的非洲商人來到這裏，從20萬攤販手中購買從橡膠手套到束髮帶、從牀單到女式內衣在內的各種東西。和主辦廣交會的廣州市一樣，義烏也是中國政府將埃博拉病毒封堵在中國境外的前沿陣地。

Lin Songtian, head of the Africa bureau at the foreign ministry, said: “China has instituted strict controls at airports and customs entry ports, in line with worldwide practice.”
中國外交部非洲司司長林松添表示：“我們按照國際社會通行做法，在機場、海關等邊境口岸採取諸如檢測體溫、填寫登記表、預留聯繫電話等措施，但沒有禁止非洲公民來華旅遊、經商和開展合作。”

But it is a balancing act: Beijing needs to protect the local population without offending Africa, at a time when its trade and investment ties with the continent are increasingly crucial to its foreign policy. Beijing insists it has not formally restricted entry to China by the three countries most affected by Ebola: Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia.
不過，中國政府這麼做需要權衡兩方面的因素。一方面，他們需要保護本國民衆。另一方面，與非洲的貿易和投資聯繫在中國外交政策中日趨重要，中國必須確保相關措施不會冒犯非洲。中國政府堅稱，對於幾內亞、塞拉利昂和利比里亞這三個埃博拉疫情最嚴重的國家，中國並未正式限制人們從這三國進入中國。

Canton fair officials say the local government told them to reject visitors from those three countries as well as Congo – even though China’s foreign and health ministries do not consider Congo to have an Ebola epidemic. Gao Fu, vice-director of the China Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, says if the epidemic in Africa continues, it is “just a matter of time” before China sees its first Ebola case. “But I don’t think there will be an extensive outbreak in China, since China has set up a very good infectious disease control and prevention system on the basis of lessons we learnt during the Sars [outbreak]” about a decade ago, he says.
廣交會的有關官員表示，當地政府已要求他們拒絕來自以上三國及剛果的訪客——儘管中國外交部和衛生部並不認爲剛果出現了埃博拉疫情。中國疾病預防控制中心(China Centre for Disease Control and Prevention)副主任高福表示，只要非洲疫情繼續擴散，中國出現首例埃博拉感染者就“只是個時間問題”。不過他還表示：“自從（大約十年前）SARS爆發以後，我們國家建立起了公共衛生防控體系、全國的聯防聯控機制，再加上各個地區的疾病預防控制的基礎設施，大規模爆發的可能性是沒有的。”

In Yiwu, Jason Ding, manager of the Longteng Hotel, is part of that system. “Currently, we mainly target countries that have a serious Ebola epidemic  . . . We take the temperature of the guests from [those] countries when they check in and also in the morning and afternoon,” he says. “We disinfect everything in the lift that can be touched by human hands,” along with television remote controls, chair arms, telephones and tables, he says.
在義烏，龍騰賓館的丁經理是這一聯防聯控機制的一部分。他說：“目前，我們主要關注的是埃博拉疫情嚴重的國家……我們會在（相關）各國旅客入住時爲他們測量體溫，並在每天早晚各量一次體溫。”他還表示，電視機遙控器、沙發扶手、電話和桌面以及“電梯中所有人手可能接觸的部位都會採取消毒措施。”

“When the guest checks out, we infrared sterilise the tea cups,” he adds. But most of Mr Ding’s current guests are Nigerians who arrived after the country was declared Ebola free, “So our job is almost finished. Most Africans in Yiwu are Nigerians or Ugandans” with few from Ebola zone countries, he says.
他還補充說：“客人離店後，我們還會對茶杯採取紅外殺菌措施。”不過，在丁經理目前的客人中，多數都是尼日利亞人，他們都是在尼日利亞被宣告不存在埃博拉疫情之後來到義烏的。他說，“所以我們的工作已基本結束。義烏多數非洲人都是尼日利亞人或烏干達人”，很少來自埃博拉疫區國家的人。

Zhang Zhengbing, an Yiwu taxi driver, says “so long as I don’t shake hands with them it should be OK”, echoing government advice to restrict hugging and handshaking. But Mr Abior says that does not bother him, adding that he does not feel any fear or ostracisation from the local population. “Most Chinese don’t do much handshaking anyway,” he says. “How often do they hug you normally?” he asks with a grin.
義烏出租車司機張正兵表示，“只要我不跟他們握手就應該沒事”，這話與中國政府關於儘量不要擁抱和握手的建議完全一致。不過，艾比奧表示這並未對他造成困擾，並稱他沒有感到當地人的恐慌和排斥。他說：“反正多數中國人都很少握手。”他還咧嘴笑着問道：“你說他們一般會多久擁抱你一次？”