當前位置

首頁 > 英語學習 > 高中英語 > 高一英語學習筆記

高一英語學習筆記

推薦人: 來源: 閱讀: 1.77W 次

還在擔心上課跟不上筆記嗎?正值當下青春年華,加油! 有了這些高一的英語就不用愁了,超詳細!

高一英語學習筆記

必修一UNIT1

1 add相關用法

示"加;增加",常與介詞to連用,即"add … to …","把……加到……中去;往……中加……"。

Eg:If you add 4 to 6, you get 10. 4加6等於10。

Add some hot water if you think the coffee is much too strong. 如果你覺得這咖啡太濃,就加點兒熱水。

2. add表示"補充(說道)",即"又說;繼續說"。

Eg:"And I expect your little sister will come, too," added she. 她接着又說:"而且我希望你的小妹妹也能來。"

Mother added that we must get back as soon as possible. 媽媽接着又說我們必須儘早回來。

3. add to表示"增加;增添",其中to是介詞,後接名詞或代詞。有時也可用來表示"(房屋的)擴建"或"(書的)續寫"等。

Eg:Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty. 參加晚會的姑娘人人頭上都戴有一朵花,使得她們顯得愈加漂亮。

The soldiers were extremely tired and the heavy rain added to their difficulty. 戰士們累極了,而大雨更是增加了他們的困難。

This old house has been added to from time to time. 這幢老房子曾一再擴建。

Has that book of his been added to later? 他的那本書後來曾續寫過嗎?

4. add … up 表示"把……加起來";add up to … 則表示"加起來總和爲……"。

Eg:Can you add these ten figures up? 你能把這十個數字加起來嗎?

All these figures add up to 5,050. 所有這些數字加起來總和爲5,050。

此外,add up (to) 在口語中還有以下兩種用法:

1) 作"含義是;表示;等於;總而言之"講。

Eg:His remarks added up to a condemnation of my plan. 他的意見總之就是譴責我的計劃。

2) 作"有意義;講得通"。

EgI don't think what she said added up at the meeting. 我認爲她在會上的發言沒有意義。

2cover掌握詞義

包含,播報,走完,進行

3pay

pay attention to 關注

pay for支付

pay off=pay by償還

pay a visit to 參觀

4prefer

prefer to do 表示一時性的喜歡

prefer doing表示長時間的,一貫性的喜歡

。prefer sth 喜歡某物

。prefer to do instead of doing 喜歡做某事而不是做某事

。prefer sb to do sth 喜歡幹某事

。prefer A to B 喜歡做A,不喜歡作B

。prefer doing A to doing B 喜歡做A,不喜歡作B

。prefer to do A raher than do B 喜歡做A,不喜歡作B

。prefer to do A than do B 喜歡做A,不喜歡作B

5plan to do sth=mean to do sth 打算做某事

mean doing sth意味着做某事

5 badly

。They have both behaved very badly and I am very hurt.

他們倆都很不友善,讓我非常難過。

。The European Parliament badly needs a president who can burnish its image.

歐洲議會急需一位能改善其聲望的主席。

。He had wrenched his ankle badly from the force of the fall.

他因摔倒而嚴重扭傷了腳踝。

6upset

用法】 用作動詞,意爲“to cause to turn or tip over “打翻,推翻”;

“to distress or perturb mentally or emotionally使不適,使心煩”例如:I upset the soup all over the table.我把湯打翻在桌上了 The bad news upset me.那則壞消息使我心煩意亂 upset還可以用作形容詞,意爲“不適的;不舒服的”“混亂的”“心煩意亂的”例如:upset stomach吃壞了的肚子upset parents 心煩意亂的父母親

James was upset because he had lost his ticket.詹姆斯很煩躁,因爲他把車票弄丟了 所以an upset man這樣的表述是可以的 只是upset在描述人的時候通常用somebody+be動詞+upset,更加符合英美人的用法

7calm down使鎮靜

calm

adj. (形容詞)

(水面)平靜的,(天氣)無風的 (of water) not rough, smooth; (of weather) not windy

鎮定的,沉着的; 寧靜的,心平氣和的 free from excitement, nervous activity, or strong feeling; quiet and untroubled

n. (名詞)

[S][U]安靜; 寧靜; 鎮靜,不緊張 peace and quiet; absence of excitement of nervous activity

[S][U](天氣)無風,無浪(狀態) an absence of wind or rough weather

v. (動詞)

vt. & vi. (使)平靜; (使)鎮定 make or become calm

8so和such用法

so (adv.)表示“如此”、“這樣”的意思。用作副詞,修飾形容詞和副詞。主要結構有:

。so +adj.+a/an +可數名詞單數+that從句

。so+adj./adv.+that從句

。so+many/few/much/little+複數可數名詞+that從句

such(adj.)表示“如此”“這樣”的意思。用作形容詞,修飾名詞。主要結構有:

。such+a/an+adj.+單數可數名詞+that從句

。such+adj.+不可數名詞+that從句

。such+adj.+複數可數名詞+that從句

9 do/does/did加動詞原形表示強調

do表示加強語氣的用法

在一般現在時和一般過去時裏,do(did)常常用來加強語氣。第一種情況,就是用在肯定的陳述句中,放在主語和謂語動詞之間,漢語中常以“的確”、“確實”來表示。如:

I do think he is right.我確實認爲他是對的。

I do want to go!我真想去!

He did read it.他確實讀了。

That's exactly what she did say.這就是她講的話。

第二種情況,就是用於肯定的祈使句開頭,只使用現在時,如:

Do go to school!可一定要上學呀!

Do tell me what happened!一定告訴我發生了什麼事!

Do ask,if you have any questions.如果有問題,務必提出。

如果祈使句原來動詞是be,加強語氣時要變成do be:

Do be diligent!可要用功哦!

以上兩種情況do(did)均重讀。第三種情況就是由於never,hardly,only then等副詞放在句首加強語氣,主語前需加 do(did)。如

Never did I see him again.我從未再見過他。

Hardly did I think it possible.我幾乎認爲這是不可能的。

Only then did I realize the importance of agricultural labour.只是在那時我才認識到農業勞動的重要性。

I don't know do I want to.我不認識他,也不想認識

10強調句

。 It is the Communist Party that leads us to victory.是共產黨領導我們走向勝利的 。

。 It is John who/that might have bought a new book yesterday for Mary.昨天是約翰給瑪麗買了一本新書

。 It is a new book that John might have bought yesterday for Mary.約翰昨天給瑪麗買的是一本新書。

。 It is yesterday that John might have bought a new book for Mary.約翰是在昨天給瑪麗買了一本新書的。

。 It was two days ago that he died. 他是兩天前去世的。

。 It was in the park that the child was lost. 這個孩子是在公園丟失的。

。 It was for the meeting that he came here. 他是來這裏開會。

那句型這麼重要練習一下吧

還有一些你不知道的,可以用在寫作上作爲高級句型

必修一UNIT1——UNIT2

首先要說的呢,一定要注意我說重要的地方!

1、concern

這可是一個大詞哦特別重要!

一、用作動詞

① 關係到,影響

The World Cup taking place in Germany concerns all the fans throughout the world.

在德國舉行的世界盃足球賽影響到全世界所有的球迷們。

注意:其過去分詞concerned常用來作表語,意爲“和……有關;牽涉”;而作定語,則意爲“有關的”。

It is reported that the pop singer is concerned with selling drug.

據報道,那個流行歌手涉嫌販毒。

He asked all concerned to take an active part in helping the girl.

他要求所有相關的人積極幫助那個女孩。

Don’t interfere in what doesn’t concern you.別管與自己無關的事。

② 使擔心;使關心;使煩惱

The boy's poor performance at school concerned his parents.

這個男孩在學校很差的表現,使他父母很擔心。

注意:其過去分詞concerned通常作形容詞用,意爲“擔心的;煩惱的;憂慮的”。

The concerned parents were all concerned for the children's safety. 憂心忡忡的家長們都爲孩子們的安全擔憂。

二、用作名詞。

1. 有關……的事(可數)

That's my concern, so I'll do as I like about it.

那是我的事,因此,我想怎麼做就怎麼做。

2. 關懷;關心(不可數)

Some people don't show much concern for our environment.

有些人不太關心我們的環境。

3. 焦急;憂慮(不可數)

There is now considerable concern for their illness. 現在對他們的病相當擔心。

There is growing concern that …… 越來越擔心……

4. 對某人來說最重要或最感興趣的事(可數)

What are your main concerns as a golf player? 作爲一個高爾夫球員,你最關心什麼?

5. 企業;公司;商行(可數)

TCL is a large concern in our country. TCL 是我們國家的一個大企業。

6. 股份(可數)

Many managers have concerns in their businesses. 許多經理在企業中都佔有股份。

三、常用搭配:

① concern oneself with / in / about sth. “忙於某事 / 關心某事 / 參與某事”。如:

She concerns herself with social welfare. 她從事社會福利工作。

② as / so far as sb. / sth. be concerned“就某人 / 某物而言”。如:

As far as I’m concerned, I don’t object to your decision. 就我(個人)而言,我不反對你的決定。

③ be concerned in / with sth. “與某物有牽連”。如:

He was concerned with the crime. 他與那起罪案有關。

④ be concerned to do sth.“把做某事視爲自己的事情”。如:

He is always concerned to help others.他總是把幫助別人看作是自己的事情。

⑤ show / express concern about / for “對……表示關心、擔心”。如:

She showed a great deal of concern for her son’s illness. 她非常擔心她兒子的病情。

⑥ have a concern in / with… “與……有利害關係”。如:

I have no concern with that company.我與那家公司沒什麼關係。

⑦ be concerned about… / that… “關心……;擔心……”。如:

I’m concerned that they may have got lost. 我擔心他們可能迷路了。

四、同根詞:

① concerned形容詞,意爲“有關的;擔心的”。如:

Concerned parents held a meeting. 憂心忡忡的家長們開了一次會。

② concerning介詞,意爲“關於;有關”。如:

Concerning his proposal, there are pros and cons. 關於他的提案,有贊成和反對兩種意見。

2、set相關短語

set out,set off, set about, set apart, set aside

。set out出發(旅程)+介詞+n.;to do sth.着手做=set about doing sth.

set out on the last stage of their journey. 他們開始了旅行的最後一程。 Kate set out for the house on the other side of the bay.凱蒂出發去海灣另一邊的房子She set out at dawn. 她天一亮就動身了。

b. He set out to paint the whole house.他開始着手粉刷整幢房子

c. 開啓(新事物、困難、重要的事物等)My nephew is just setting out on a career in journalism.我侄子剛剛開始了他記者的事業所以,“開始一場表演”中的“開始”不用set out,簡單用start/begin就可以:start a show / let the show begin/start

。set about: 開始,着手+sth./doing sth.

a. You must set about your work at once. 你必須立即開始工作。

b. Do you know how to set about going on this work? 你知道怎樣着手進行這項工作嗎?

set off=set out出發;引起,使發生;爆炸 you want to catch that train we'd better set off for the station immediately. 你要是想趕上那班火車,咱們就最好馬上動身去火車站。 time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天幾點鐘啓程?

he said set off a heated discussion.他所說的話引起了熱烈的討論。

。set down前四種常用a. 放下,擱下:例句: to set down one's bag 放下包b. 寫下,記下;登記:例句: The police sest down my car number. 警察記下了我的汽車號碼c. 使(飛機)着陸;使降落:例句: My plane was set down in a heavy fog. 我乘坐的飛機在濃霧中着陸。d. 讓(乘客)

下車:例句: to set down the passengers 讓乘客下車e. 把(貨物)從車上卸下:例句: The train stopped at the station to set down lots of waste. 火車進站停車,卸下了許多廢物。 f. 把…看做,把…認作(as):例句: He was set down as a fool. 他被看成是個傻瓜。g. 把…解釋爲…,把…歸因於…(to):例句: to set one's silence down to his diffidence 把沉默歸因於羞怯h. 制定;規定:例句: The rules for service have been set down. 有關修理業的規章已經出臺。i. 確定;決定…的日期:例句: the plan to be set down 業已確定的計劃j. 使坐下k. (馬賽中)暫停…參賽l. [口語]申斥,譴責:例句: I was set down by my father. 我爸罵了我一頓。

。set apart(for)留出專用

The room is set apart for smoking/smokers.這屋子是爲了專爲人們抽菸/吸菸者而準備的。

。set aside留出,撥出;把…置於一旁;不顧;不理會;駁回;取消

set e for sth./sb.爲某人或某物預留

a. Maybe I should set aside just a minute a day to count my blessings and say "thank you". 或許,我應該每天留出一分鐘時間,細數一下擁有的幸福,然後,真誠地說一聲:“謝謝!”

set aside her book and lit a cigarette.她把書放在一旁,點着一根香菸。

car has been set aside and is out of use.那輛車已被擱置一旁不再使用了。

d.I set aside my overcoat and took out the summer clothes.我把大衣放起來,拿出夏天衣服。

3.表目的

so as to do sth

in order to do

in order that

purpose

又想到一個點,故意的怎麼說來着?

on purpose=by chance反義詞by design=by accident =accidently

4、happen用法

發生; 出現; 碰巧; 偶然遇到;

happen是不及物動詞,它的用法常見的有如下幾種情況:

。表示“某地(某時)發生了什麼事”,常用“sth.+ happen +地點/時間”這一結構來表達,此時主語應是事情。例如:

The story happened in 2003.這個故事發生在2003年。

An accident happened in that street.那條街上發生了一起事故。

。表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”這一結構來表達。例如:

A car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她發生了交通事故。

What happened to you?你怎麼啦?

。表示“某人碰巧做某事”,要用“sb.+ happen+ to do sth.”這一結構來表達。例如:

I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一個朋友。

。happen表示“碰巧或恰巧發生某事”時,還可用“It happens / happened that…”這一結構來表達。例如:

It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day.碰巧那天布萊恩和彼得在家了。

It happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afternoon.碰巧那天下午他不得不參加一個會議。

注:that從句中的主語是人時,此種結構可以與“sb.+ happen + to do sth.”結構互換。例如:

It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day.= Brian and Peter happened to be at home that day.

詞形變化:時態:happened,happening,happens。

同義詞:bechance,befall;materialise,materialize;encounter,find,bump,chance;come about,fall out,go on,hap,occur,pass,pass off,take place。

反義詞:dematerialise,dematerialize。

單詞分析:這些詞語都可表示“發生”之意。

happen:普通用詞,泛指一切客觀事物或情況的發生,強調動作的偶然性。

occur:較正式用詞,可指意外地發生,也可指意料中的發生。

chance:側重事前無安排或無準備而發生的事,特指巧合。

take place:多指通過人爲安排的發生。

英語句子

If this should happen, the speaker might feel down in the mouth.

如果事情發生了,說話者會因爲說錯話而難過。

Happening by chance or accident;fortuitous.

偶然的偶然或意外發生的;偶然的

Nothing have happened in the interim.

在過渡期間,沒發生過任何事。

A train of events happened last year.

去年發生了一系列的事情。

He happened on the book in an secondhand bookstore.

他碰巧在一家舊書店裏發現了這本書

用法

(1) prep. 在…上邊;覆蓋

on top of,covering

[例句]

I put a blanket over the sleeping child.

我在睡着的孩子身上蓋了一條毯子。

He wore a thick coat over his ordinary coat.

他在普通的上衣上面又穿了一件厚外衣。

He went to sleep with a newspaper over his face.

他臉上蓋着一張報紙睡着了。

(2) prep. 在…上方

above,higher than

[例句]

A lamp was hanging over the table.

桌子上方掛着一盞燈。

There is a bridge over the river.

河上有 橋。

The sky is over our heads and the ground is under our feet.

我們頭上是天空,腳下是大地。

(3) prep. 越過…;穿過

from one side to the other,across

[例句]

The boys climbed over the wall.

男孩子們爬過牆頭。

We went over the river in a boat.

我們坐船過了河。

He jumped over the brook.

他跳過了那條小溪。

(4) prep. 遍及

in every part of

[例句]

He has travelled over the whole country.

他已經遊遍了全國。

The fog spread over the town.

霧遍全城。

(5) prep. 多於;超過

more than

[例句]

He has lived in Beijing over two years.

他住在北京已兩年多了。

You have to be over 18 to see this film.

超過十八歲的人才能看這部電影。

I have had this camera over ten years.

這部照像機我已經買了十年了。

(6) prep. 關於

concerning,in regard to

[例句]

The corporal felt very sad over the death of the boy.

下士對男孩的死感到很悲傷。

We look back over all that has happened during the last year.

我們回顧了在過去一年中所發生的一切。

(7) prep. 以;用;借;藉助於;由

by means of

[例句]

I heard the news over the radio.

我在無線電裏聽到了這條消息。

They are talking over the telephone.

他們在通過電話談話。

(8) prep. 在…時

while

[例句]

Over a bottle of wine,he spoke to a friend.

他一邊喝着酒一邊和朋友說話。

(9) prep. 職務高於

superior in rank, office

[例句]

Mr White is over me in the office.

懷特先生的職位比我高。

(10) prep. 在…期間

during,throughout

[例句]

Over the years,he read widely.

在那些年中,他博覽羣書。

He came to town over the weekend.

週末他進城了。

(11) adv. 橫過;從一邊到另一邊

across

[例句]

Let's row over to the other side of the river.

咱們把船劃到河那邊去吧。

He will sail over to France.

他將渡海到法國去。

I can see Henry over there.

我可以看見亨利在那兒。

(12) adv. 從一處到另一處

from one place to another

[例句]

You must come over and see me.

你一定要過來看看我。

I will go over to his office and have a talk with him.

我要到他辦公室去找他談一談。

Come over and see us on Sunday.

星期天請到我們這裏來玩吧。

(13) adv. 自始至終

through, from beginning to end

[例句]

He thought it over.

他仔細地想了想。

I'll read the question over once more.

我得把問題從頭到尾再讀一遍。

(14) adv. 重複地

in repetition

[例句]

Read it over.

再讀。

My sums were wrong and I had to do them over.

我的得數錯了,我得重做。

(15) adv. 向下;翻倒

down

[例句]

He tripped and fell over.

他絆倒了。

I slipped on the ice and fell over.

我在冰上滑倒了。

(16) adv. 翻轉過來

so that the other side is on top

[例句]

The goat rolled over,dead.

山羊翻了一個身,死了。

Turn the page over and you'll see a map.

把這頁翻過去就可以看見一張地圖。

Turn your books over.

請把你們的書翻過來。

(17) adv. 剩餘;未用過

left, not used

[例句]

If there's any soup over,we can eat it tomorrow.

如果有湯剩下,我們可以明天吃。

I gave him two glasses and still had three over.

我給了他兩隻玻璃杯,還餘下三隻玻璃杯。

Five goes into eight once with three over.

五除八得一餘三。

(18) adv. 太;十分

too

[例句]

He is over polite.

他太客氣了。

I do not feel over well.

我並不十分健康。

(19) adv. 完了;結束

ended, finished

[例句]

Our holidays will soon be over.

我們的假日就要結束了。

We'll go out when the rain is over.

雨停了我們就出去。

School is over.

放學了。

6、表示建議命令要求的詞從句要用should+動詞原形

從句中的虛擬語氣   在表示“堅持”、“命令”、“建議”、“要求”等後的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。這類動詞有人歸納爲“一個堅持(insist)、兩個命令(order, command)、三個建議(advise, suggest, propose)、四個要求(demand, require, request, ask)”,這類虛擬語氣由“should+動詞原形”構成,其中的should在美國英語中通常可以省略。如:

He insisted that I (should) go with them. 他堅持要我同他們一起去。

He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。

The doctor advised [suggested] that he (should) not smoke. 醫生建議他不要抽菸。

He requires that I (should) appear. 他要求我出場。

【注】(1) 其中引導賓語從句的that通常不省略。

(2) 這類句子有時可用於被動結構,前面用先行詞it作主語,代表後面的從句。如:

It was proposed that this matter be discussed next time. 有人提議這事下次再討論。

(3) 動詞insist後接賓語從句時,除可用虛擬語氣外,也可用陳述語氣,兩者的區別是。如:若謂語動詞所表示的動作尚未發生,或尚未成爲事實,則用虛擬語氣;若謂語動詞所表示的動作已經發生,或已經成爲事實,則要用陳述語氣。比較:

He insisted that I had read his letter. 他堅持說我看過他的信。

He insisted that I should read his letter. 他堅持要我看他的信。

(4) 與動詞insist相似,動詞suggest後接賓語從句時,除可用虛擬語氣外,也可用陳述語氣,兩者的區別也是。如:若謂語動詞所表示的情況尚未成爲事實,則用虛擬語氣,此時suggest通常譯爲“建議”;若謂語動詞所表示的情況爲既成事實,則要用陳述語氣,此時

的suggest通常譯爲“表明”、“認爲”。比較並體會。如(from ):

He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建議我們留下吃飯。

What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他說的話表明他是個騙子。

I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him. 我覺得你與他心照不宣。

(5) 以上動詞用作名詞或派生出的名詞時,相應的主語從句、表語從句或同位語從句也用虛擬語氣。如:

His demand is that we (should) set off at once. 他要求我們馬上出發。

He made the demand that we (should) set off at once. 他要求我們馬上出發。

(6) 在現代英語中,以上動詞(包括其名詞形式以及其派生名詞)有時也可不用虛擬語氣(但初學者宜慎用)。如:

Her suggestion was we had our conversation in French. 她的建議是我們用法語交談。

He said that he would not be long and suggested that we waited for him. 他說他不會去很久,並建議我們等他。

形容詞important, impossible, necessary等後的主語從句通常用虛擬語氣。如:

It is impossible that he should go home. 他不可能會回家去。

It is necessary that I should return it right now. 我有必要馬上把它還回去。

【注】(1) 在現代英語中,有時也可不用虛擬語氣而用陳述語氣,但初學者宜慎用。

(2) 在It is amazing (strange, surprising, astonishing, a pity, a shame)以及 I am surprised (sorry) 和I regret等結構後的that 從句中有時也用should,表示說話人的驚異、懊悔、失望等情感,常含有“竟然”之意。如:

It’s strange that he should be so rude. 他竟如此無禮,真是奇怪。

I’m surprised that he should have failed. 他竟然失敗了,這使我很吃驚。

若不用虛擬語氣也可以,則不帶感情色彩,比較:

It’s a pity that he failed the exam. 他考試沒及格,真是遺憾。

It’s a pity that he should have failed the exam. 他考試竟沒及格,真是遺憾。

7、have用法

一、have作實意動詞。

1.表示“有”的意思。

Look, I have wings, just like you. (JBⅤL1)

He had fair hair and blue eyes. (JBⅥL2) 〔注1〕:其否定和疑問形式變化,在美國通常用助動詞do。

〔注2〕:在英國口語中常用have got代替have.

Look, can’t you see I've got teeth, too,(JBⅤL1)

I haven't got any jewelry.(SBⅠL5)

和一些其他名詞連用,表示:

(1)一種活動。

We have no classes on Sunday.(上課)(JBⅡL11)

they’re going to have a volleyball match.(舉行比賽)(JBⅢL11)

Are we going to have a meeting this week?(開會)(JBⅢL11)

We are going to have a talk this afternoon.(聽報告)(JBⅢL11)

(2)患病。

I have got a headache.(JBⅣL8)

I have a bad cold.(JBⅤL3)

(3)發生的情況。

I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.(跌跤)(JBⅣL10) (4)生育。

The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer.(SBⅠL14) 3.和一與動詞同形的名詞連用,表示一個動作(have+a+由動詞轉化和名詞)。

Are you going to have a swim.(JBⅢL1)

I have a long talk with the teacher.(JBⅣL10)

on sth.或have sth. on,表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=to be wearing)。

I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.(SBⅡL6)

At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on.

5.表示“吃”、“喝”。

I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.(JBⅢL10)

Does she have lunch at home?(JBⅡL11)

6.組成複合結構即“have+賓語+賓語補足語”。

(1)不加to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語(have sb. do sth.),表示讓、叫某人做某事。 The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.(SBⅠL17) 〔注〕:否定結構表示“不能讓…”或“從未有人…”。

We won't have you blame it on others.

She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.

(2)現在分詞作賓語補足語(have sb.(sth.)doing),表示讓(使)某人做某事。

…the two men had their lights burning all night long…

(3)過去分詞作賓語補足語(have sb. (sth.)done),表示:

①使(讓,請)別人作某事,表示的動作是別人做的。

Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.(SBⅠL10) …he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.(SBⅠ L8)

②遭遇到某事。

Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken.(SBⅠL12)

Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.(SBⅠL12)

二、have與to一起構成情態動詞,表示“不得不”、“必須”,可用於各種時態。

I have to look after her at home.(JBⅢL4)

三、have做助動詞與動詞的過去分詞一起構成現在完成時

和過去完成時。

Great changes have taken place the last two years.(JBⅥL3)

They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.(JBⅤL4)

四、have用於“情態動詞+have+過去分詞”的結構,有

推測、假設之意。

+have+過去分詞,表示對過去時間發生的動作或存在的情況的推測,一般用於肯定句。

Her father thought that she must have met a fairy.(SBⅠL10)

You must have left your bag in the theatre.

(could)+have+過去分詞,表示對過去發生事情的“不肯定”,常用於否定句和疑問句。

He can't have been to your home, he doesn't know your address.

ld+have+過去分詞,表示“某事本該早做而實際未做”,用於肯定句。

You should have been here five minutes ago.(SBⅡL10)

五、have用於某些成語,表示固定的意思。

a word(a few words)with sb.,表示和某人說一(幾)句話。

Where's Peter? I want to have a word with him.(SBⅢL13)

better+不帶to的動詞不定式,表示“…最好…”。

I'd better go and look for him now.(JBⅢL2)

nothing(something)to do with,表示“和…無(有)”關係。

Most of questions had nothing to do with Edison's lessons.

HAVE的用法詳解

1. 助動詞have+過去分詞構成完成時態。

I have never seen such a strange man.

我從未見過這麼奇怪的人。

Yes, he has been here twice but hasn't had his hair cut yet.

是啊,他來了兩次還沒把頭髮理了。

He's gone to your house.

他去你家了。

2. HAVE+賓語+過去分詞表示讓某事由某人做。

Can I have my hair cut now?

你現在可以給我理髮嗎?

Oh, you haven't had your hair cut yet.

噢,你還沒理髮呀。

3. HAVE+賓語+原形不定詞表示請或讓某人做某事。

Or I can have my assistant help me do it.

或者我可以讓我的助手幫我來做。

4. have作爲本動詞表示"有、擁有"的意思。

No, I don't have much time.

不行,我沒那麼多時間。

Oh, you still have many customers today.

噢,你今天還有很多顧客呀。

①have to通常指由於客觀原因則不得不做某事,意思爲“不得不”。

e.g. It's dark now. I have to go home.

天黑了,我不得不回家。

It's raining, and I have to stay at home.

外面在下雨,我不得不呆在家裏。

一、have to與一般情態動詞的異同

相同點:

一般的情態動詞不能單獨作謂語,後面必須接動詞原形一起構成謂語,have to 也是這樣。

不同點:

1、一般的情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化,而且所用的時態也受到一定的限制,而have to 有人稱和數的變化。可用於多種時態中:一般現在時中當主語是第三人稱單數時要用has to,其餘的人稱用have to,一般過去時中要用had to;一般將來時中則要用will have to.

e.g. She has to go to school by bus.

她不得不乘公汽上學。

You'll have to see the doctor if you get ill.

如果你生病了,就得去看醫生。

2、否定句和疑問句的構成方式不同:

①一般的情態動詞直接在後面加not構成否定句,把這些情態動詞提到句首就構成一般疑問句。

②而have to 的否定句和疑問句的構成往往要藉助於助動詞do的適當形式或助動詞will即have to, has to, had to和will have to的否定式分別爲don't have to, doesn't have to, didn't have to和won't have to,疑問句是在句首加助動詞do的相應形式,句中還原成have to或把will放到句首,這裏have to簡直就是一個十足的行爲動詞。

e.g. What does she have to do?

她必須做什麼?

You didn't have to wait for me yesterday.

昨天你沒有必要等我

have

v.(動詞)

had[h?d] , has[h?z]

.(及物動詞)

To be in possession of:

擁有:

already had a car.

已經有一輛車

To possess as a characteristic, quality, or function:

氣質:有…的特徵、性質或功能:

has a beard; had a great deal of energy.

蓄着鬍子;精力充沛

To possess or contain as a constituent part:

包含:作爲某物的組成部分而含有或包含:

a car that has an automatic transmission.

有自動傳動系統的汽車

To occupy a particular relation to:

有特殊關係:

had a great many disciples.

有很多信徒

To possess knowledge of or facility in:

具有某方面的知識或才能:

has very little Spanish.

懂很少一點西班牙語

To hold in the mind; entertain:

保持在腦中;懷抱:

had doubts about their loyalty.

對他們的忠誠懷有疑慮

To use or exhibit in action:

發揮:通過行動來運用或顯示:

have compassion.

發揮同情心

To come into possession of; acquire:

佔有;獲得:

Not one copy of the book was to be had in the entire town. 整個城鎮都沒有這本書

To receive; get:

收到;得到:

I had a letter from my cousin.

我收到堂弟寄來的信

To accept; take:

接受;收納:

I'll have the green peas instead of the spinach.

我想要份青豆而不是菠菜

To suffer from:

經受,遭受:

have defective vision.

視力不好

To be subject to the experience of:

經歷,經驗:

had a difficult time last winter.

去年冬天日子不好過

To cause to, as by persuasion or compulsion:

促使:通過勸說或強迫導致…:

had my assistant run the errand.

讓我的助手跑腿

To cause to be:

使…成爲:

had everyone fascinated.

把每個人都吸引住了

To permit; allow:

允許;許可:

I won't have that kind of behavior in my house.

在我家中我可不允許做那種事

To carry on, perform, or execute:

執行,做,實行:

have an argument.

進行爭吵

To place at a disadvantage:

必修一unit2

本單元需要掌握的單詞如下

閱讀詞彙

official block apartment vocabulary usage

accent lightning identity

寫作詞彙

conquer actually base voyage enrich order

command request straight

除了上面那些,我們還有一些需要拓展的單詞,需要大家用心記憶!

1、base

base on “以……爲根據”,用法應是 base A on B如:

① Edison based his ideas on scientific experiment. 愛迪生的想法是建立在科學實驗的基礎上的。

② You should base your opinion on facts. 你的意見都要以事實爲根據。

Ⅱ。 be based on “以……爲根據”; “根據……”;“基於……”用法是A be based on B

① What he said is based on fact. 他所說的話是以事實爲根據的。

② The story is based on real life. 那故事是根據現實生活而寫的。

③ Some modern languages are based on Latin. 在些現代語言是以拉丁文爲基礎的。

看一下最主要的用法吧,會在題中出現的!

are you doing?A textbook _____ a new mehod of teaching physics.I want my friend to take a look at based on d on ng on h based based his idea ___scientific experiment.A. at 選哪個,爲什麼?

第一題:分析句子可知橫線上需填非謂語動詞,A選項is based on是固定搭配“基於…”或“以…爲基礎”在這等同於base…on(同時也是個謂語動詞)B選型有兩種可能:1.非謂語動詞的過去式(從題目意思結構來看,不可能是過去式)C選型表主動或進行D選型出現了which作主語引導的定語從句,那麼be動詞就不能省略(be based on)還原回來應該是A textbook which is based on a new method of teaching physics……(be done有自己獨立的主語屬於謂語動詞的範疇而done恰好相反)根據A選項所分析的be based on這一固定搭配,排除C、D。A是謂語動詞,而題幹是非謂語動詞所以選擇B

第二題 同上 base…on

2、command

及物動詞 vt.

。命令[O2][+that]

I command that he go at once.

我命令他立即就去。

I command you to start at once.

我命令你立即動身。

。指揮,統率;控制

He was told to command his temper.

有人叫他控制脾氣。

。博得,贏得

Honesty commands respect.

誠實博得尊敬。

。俯瞰,俯臨

The hill commands the sea.

這座山俯臨大海。

。擁有,掌握

不及物動詞 vi.

。指揮;控制;命令

名詞 n.

。命令[C]

Who issued the command to fire?

誰下令開槍的?

。 控制,控制權;指揮,指揮權[U]

He has a hundred men under his command.

他指揮一百個人。

。司令部,指揮部[C][G]

。掌握;運用能力[U][S1]

She has a good command of spoken Engli sh.

她的英語口語很熟練。

。【電腦】指令[C]

。視界;俯瞰[S]

3、request

用作名詞,意爲“請求”,是可數名詞。如:

It is my last request — I shall never ask you anything again. 這是我的最後一個請求,我再也不會向你提任何要求。 She refused all requests for an interview. 她拒絕了所有的採訪請求。

、用作動詞,意爲“請求”。這時,其後可以跟名詞、不定式的複合結構以及從句作賓語。尤其要注意,當從句作賓語時,從句謂語常用“(should) + 動詞原形”結構。如:

You have to request permission if you want to take any photos here. 如果你想要在這兒拍照的話,需要申請准許。 We requested him to leave the room as soon as possible. 我們請求他儘快離開這個房間。 I requested that he (should) leave. 我請求他離開。 [拓展]

at the request of 根據……的請求 by request 應……的請求 request from 向……請求 [小試] 翻譯下列句子。

。 瑪麗申請准許在這裏拍攝。

。 他寫信請求父親來看他。

。應觀衆的要求她又唱了一首歌。

。 我希望這個請求不會太麻煩你。

Key:

。Mary requested permission to film here.

。He wrote a letter requesting his father to come to see him.

。 She sang another song by request of the audience.

。 I hope this request would not trouble you too much.

4、come短語

詞語釋義

vi.

(came [keim]; come)

來, 到; 走近; 接近; 到來, 來臨

產生, 發生; 發現; 引起

[常與to連用]來自; 歸因是, 結果是

出現於, 位於

達到, 延伸; 伸展到

[常與 on, along 連用]成熟起來

需要(某種)代價(才能實現, 得到)

[常與 of, from 連用]出身, 出生於

[常與 up 連用]進展; 提升

[常與 to 連用]等於, 總共, 共達…

有; 裝; 存

生活得(如何)

(貨物等)被供應

[常與 near 連用]完成, 趨於完成

[常接不定式]心變軟, 開始同情起來

進入, 投入

[用於祈使句, 表示命令, 鼓舞, 不耐煩或指責]好啦! 注意! 喂!

[與 how 連用, 構成疑問句, 助動詞 " do " 常被省略並要求主謂倒裝](怎麼)會的

⑵作聯繫動詞]是; 變爲, 成爲 ⑵

[美俚](性交時)達到興奮的頂點[高潮] ⑵

(要做到或得到)是(容易, 因難等)。

習慣用語

as they come 按照原來的樣子 [口]非常, 極其

Easy come easy go. (=Light come, light go; Lightly come, lightly go. )[諺]來得容易去得快(常指財物)。

Everything comes to him who waits. [諺]耐心等待,必有所得。

First come first served. [諺]先到先招待; 先到先供應。

How come? [口]爲什麼? 怎麼會? 怎麼搞的?

How comes it that? (=How is it that…?) [口]爲什麼? 怎麼回事?

How comes it about that? (=How is it that…?) [口]爲什麼? 怎麼回事?

if it comes to that 如果事情到了那樣…

Let'e them all come. 讓他們都來吧 (對大家的挑戰, 表示自信、蔑視)。

Let them all come. 讓他們都來吧 (對大家的挑戰, 表示自信、蔑視)。

to come 對未來的,即將到來的

come about 發生關於…; (風等)改變方向; 轉帆, 轉航向

come across 偶然碰見; 無意中找到 出現於, 想到 [口]有效果, 使人能理解 [俚]付欠款, 捐(款), 交錢 相認, 照辦, 吐露實情

come after 跟着…來, 跟在…後面 來取, 尋找; 爭取 追趕 繼承

come again 再說一遍 (從昏迷中)清醒過來 [方]死後現形

come alive 活躍起來; 顯得象真的似的

come along 一起來, 一道走; 同意, 贊成, (祈使語氣)請過來, 快一點兒; 進展; 進步

come amiss 不稱心, 不合適, 不受歡迎

come and get it [美口](飯預備好了)請過來吃吧!

come and go 來來往往; 作短暫訪問; 變化不定

come and go upon 信賴, 信任; 有行動自由

come apart 裂開; 破裂; 垮下來, 崩潰

come at 攻擊, 撲向; 達到; 得到

come away 脫開; 斷開; 離開, 發芽, 生長; [方]跟我一起走; [蘇]到屋裏來

come away none the wiser 結果還是一點也不明白而歸

come back 回來; 憶起, 恢復原有地位[健康]; (風尚)又流行起來; [美俚]還嘴

come before 位於…之前; 被交付處理[審判]; 被提出

come between 在…中間; 離間; 使分開; 妨礙某人做某事

come by 弄到, 獲得 偶然搞到, 偶然得到 經過, 從旁邊過去 [美方]來串門, 拜訪

come clean [美俚]全盤招供, 坦白交代; 修完課程(大學畢業)

come down 下來, 倒下; 倒塌; 砍伐[倒]; 下(雪, 雨等); 降落; 拿出錢來接濟; (從城市)來到(鄉下); 大學畢業;【戲】走出戲臺口; 從興奮劑作用中醒過來; [美俚]發生

come down on 向…索取(錢等); 申斥, 嚴厲懲罰; 強烈反對

come down upon 向…索取(錢等); 申斥, 嚴厲懲罰; 強烈反對

come down hard on 向…索取(錢等); 申斥, 嚴厲懲罰; 強烈反對

come down hard upon 向…索取(錢等); 申斥, 嚴厲懲罰; 強烈反對

come down to 下垂到, 達到; 流傳下來, 可歸結爲; 屈尊; 被迫

come down with [口]出錢; 得(病), 付款

come for 爲某種目的而來取; 來接; 向…衝來; 對…進行襲擊

come forth 出來; 涌現; 被公佈; 出世

come forward 被提出; 自願效勞; 主動響應; 增長

come from 是…地方人; 產自 來自, 是…結果, 起因於 出身於, 生於

come home 回家;【航海】錨脫掉; 打中; 說得正對; 刺中(…心病); 打動人心; 被理解, 影響深遠

come in 進來; 到達; 開始; 開始使用…; 開始生產; (潮水)升漲; (火車)進站; (船舶)進港; 到成熟季節; 當選, 就任, 執政, (黨派等)上臺; (錢)到手; 起作用; 【信】(對對方的呼喚進行)回話; 回覆; 流行起來; 干涉; [美俚](母牛)下仔

come in for 得到; 領取(份兒); 受到(處分); 吸引; 適用於, 對…有用

come in handy 將來(可能)有用

come in on 參加, 參與

come in upon 參加, 參與

come into 進入; 得到;繼承(財產等)

come it ?痙? 拿出錢來; 泄密; (拳擊)示弱; 賣弄; 吹牛; 獲得成功

come it over 勝過, 騙過, 對…擺威風

come it strong [俚]做得過份; 過於誇大

come near 不差於,不劣於, 不亞於, 及得上; 幾乎, 差一點就

come of 來自…; 由…引起; 是…的結果; 是在…生長大的

come from 在…來;出生於…; 由…引起; 是…的結果; 是在…生長大的

come off (從…)離開, 走開 從…跌下, 從…下來 分離, 脫落 發生, 舉行 [口]實現, 成功, 有效果 表現(好、壞), (事情)進展得 逃脫, 結束, 擺脫

come off it [口]別裝蒜了, 別胡謅[胡鬧, 吹牛]了, 別騙人了

come off well 運氣好,幸運到來, 走運, (事情)有滿意的結果

come off with 發表(言論), 宣佈

come on 加油!偶然遇見(某人), 無意中發現(某物) 來臨, 襲來 (雨、雪等)開始下; 過來 出現 跟着來, 跟上來 進餐, 進展, 成長, 增長 登場, 上演 表現出來; [美俚]留下印象; 產生效果 (問題等)被提出來 得啦, 快點, 別胡扯啦

come upon 偶然遇見(某人), 無意中發現(某物) 來臨, 襲來 (雨、雪等)開始下; 出現 跟着來, 跟上來 進餐, 進展, 成長, 滋長 登場, 上演 表現出來; [美俚]留下印象; 產生效果 (問題等)被提出來 得啦, 快點, 別胡扯啦

come out 出來 出現 (芽)生出來, (花)開 出版 暴露; 傳出 初次露面, 初次登臺, 初入社會 發展, 進展, 結局 (考試、比賽等)結果是…, 名列第… 表露, 呈現 (污點等)被去掉, (顏色)褪去 (題目, 公式等)被解出來 罷工 出獄 聲名 公開自己是同性戀者

come out against 出來反對; 反抗

come out at (總數、平均數等) 達, 共計

come out flat-footed [美口]打開天窗說亮話

come out for 聲明支持; 表示同意, 贊同; 出去(散步, 野餐, 遠足等)

come out in (部分皮膚)發出(紅斑, 丘疹等)

come out of 出自, 生自; (衝破…)出來; 脫離, 擺脫

C-out of that! [俚] 走開! 滾蛋! 住手

come out with 被伴隨着; 透露; 說出; 公佈

come over 順便訪問; 發生; 侵佔; 佔上風; 過來, 從遠方來; 轉到…方面來; (感覺, 影響等)攫住; 支配; [口]欺騙

come round 到來; 再度來; 來訪; 繞道而行; [口]息怒; 消氣; 甦醒過來; 恢復知覺或健康; 回心轉意; 屈服, 讓步; 哄; 改變方向

come around 到來; 再度來; 來訪; 繞道而行; [口]息怒; 消氣; 甦醒過來; 恢復知覺或健康; 回心轉意; 屈服, 讓步; 哄; 改變方向

come round to [口]經過一段時間耽擱以後又着手(做某事)

come round to doing sth. [口]經過一段時間耽擱以後又着手(做某事)

come short home 遭到不幸; 遭到失敗

come through 經受(困難)而活過來; 脫險; 完成, 勝利; (消息)傳出; (電話)接通; 通行; [美俚]資[捐]助; [美俚]招供; 照辦; 拿出(錢等); [美]改變信仰, 變節

come to 達到, 總計爲; 終於; 結果是; 甦醒(過來);把船朝着風頭; 停泊; 繼承(財產); (馬, 牛羣等)迅速向左轉

come to oneself (昏迷後)甦醒過來; 恢復理性, 停止胡鬧

come to pass 發生; 實現

come to sb. (事情)臨到某人頭上; (財產)遺留給某人

come to stay 留下不走, 住下來; 長久存在; 已成定局

come to that (=if it comes to that) 如果事實是那樣的話; 無論如何

come to think of it [口]我想起來了

come to this 等於這樣說, 就是這樣 達到這種地步; 出現這種情況

come together 集[會]合; 夫婦同居生活; (對立雙方)消除分歧

come under 歸入, 納入 受到(影響, 支配等) 屬於…職權範圍

come up 走近; 上(樓)來; (從土中)長出, 發芽; 被提出; 流行起來; [英]進大學; 進城(尤指去倫敦); 上升; 擡頭; [俗]嘔吐; 快! (驅使牛、馬行走或前進時的吆喝)

come up against 遇到(困難); 遭到(反對); 與…矛盾

come up smiling [口](遭到挫折, 失敗之後)以勇敢和樂觀的姿態出現

come up to 並駕齊驅; 達到; 數到; 不負(期望); 合乎(標準等)

come up with 追及; 呈出; 供給; 復仇; 責罰; 提出(建議); [口]找到(答案, 解決辦法)

come upon 偶然碰見(某人) (災難, 寒潮等)突然向…襲來 突然產生於… 成爲…的負擔 要求(支持或幫助)

come on 偶然碰見(某人) (災難, 寒潮等)突然向…襲來 突然產生於… 成爲…的負擔 要求(支持或幫助)

come what may 不管發生什麼事情, 不管怎樣

come what will 不管發生什麼事情, 不管怎樣

come with 伴隨…發生; 與…一起供給

come within 進入(聽力、視力、射程等)所及的範圍; 屬於, 歸入

Coming up! [口](指飯菜)準備好了!這就端上來了!

例句

1. We'll go to a meeting in Birmingham and come straight back.[1]

我們將去伯明翰參加會議,然後馬上回來。

2. Come along, lad. Time for you to get home.

來吧,小夥子。你該回家了。

3. The news will come as a great relief to the French authorities.

這個消息會讓法國當局大大鬆一口氣。

4. Many of the clothes come from the world's top fashion houses.

這些服裝中有很多出自世界頂級時裝設計公司。

5. Don't expect me to come and visit you there.

別指望我會去那兒看你。

6. Come on over, we've got lots of the old gang here.

過來吧,好多老朋友都在這兒。

7. The final word will still come from the Secretary of State.

最後仍然要由國務卿來定奪。

8. Physical and ideological barriers had come down in Eastern Europe.

物質和意識形態上的障礙在東歐已不復存在。

9. Rumours of financial scandals have come bubbling back to the surface.

有關財務醜聞的謠言接連不斷地冒出來。

10. Interest rates would come down as the recovery gathered pace.

隨着復甦的加速,利率會降下來。

11Come this way, please.

請向這裏來。

12All our good planning came to naught.

我們所有的好計劃結果都成泡影。

13The railway line comes to the airport.

鐵道幹線直達飛機場。

14The solution of the problem has just come to me.

我剛想起如何解答這個問題。

5more than

“more than+名詞”表示“不僅僅是”

例:Mary is more than a teather; she is a writer, too. 瑪麗不僅僅是一位老師,她也是以一位作家

。 “more than+數詞”含“以上”或“不止”之意。

例:More than one person has made this suggestion. 不止一人提過這個建議。

。“more than+形容詞”等於“很”或“非常”的意思,

例:I assure you I am more than glad to help you. 我向你保證我非常高興去幫助你。

。 more than + (that)從句,其基本意義是“超過(=over)”,但可譯成“簡直不”“遠非”。 難以,完全不能(其後通常連用情態動詞can)

例:That is more than I can understand .那簡直不是我能理解的。或那超過我的理解。

never就是從來沒有,表否定,never more than 相當於no more than 不超過之意

這個非常重要,大家一定要用心記,它會出現在閱讀理解中,考察你的判斷能力,還會出現在短改中,各處都會有陷阱,