2020年12月四六級翻譯預測（7）
大家好，四六級考試臨近，本閣主（ID：hujiangcet）爲了幫助廣大考生過級，特開闢新欄目，考前每天一篇翻譯練習（選取最有可能考的翻譯題材、段落），供大家日常練習用。
聲明：押題只是練習翻譯手感，積累話題詞彙，練習常考句式結構，切勿迷信。
01 蒙古族
原文
蒙古族是一個富有傳奇色彩的民族，對亞歐歷史進程產生過巨大的影響。
全球蒙古民族共約有820萬，主要分佈在中國、蒙古國、俄羅斯三個國家。
蒙古族服飾包括長袍、腰帶、靴子、首飾等，但因地區不同在樣式上有所差異。
中國境內的蒙古族主要居住在內蒙古自治區，全區現有蒙古族人口約達380萬。
自古以來，蒙古族人善於騎射，素有“馬背上的民族”(the Peop I e on Horseback)之稱。
參考翻譯
Mongolia is a legendary nation that once had a huge impact on the history of Asia and Europe.
There are about 8.2 million Mongolian people in total in the whole world. They are mainly distributed in the three countries —— China，Mongolia and Russia.
Mongolian costumes include robes，belts，boots，jewelry,etc.，that vary in different styles in different regions.
Mongolians who live in the territory of China mainly reside in the inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，in which there are about 3.8 million Mongolian people.
Since ancient times，Mongolian people are good at riding and shooting. They are known as “the People on Horseback”.
原文
蒙古族牧民(Mongolian herdsmen)的生活方式很有特色。牧民們喜歡吃牛羊肉和奶製品，喜歡喝紅茶和磚茶。
他們大多住在圓形的蒙古包(Mongolian yurt)裏。蒙古包頂上開有天窗(skylight)，用來通風和採光。蒙古族是一個能騎善射、能歌善舞的民族。
每年七八月舉行的“那達慕”大會(the NadamFair)，是蒙古族同胞—年一度的盛大節日。大會上有賽馬、摔跤、射箭比賽和精彩的歌舞表演。
每逢盛會，人們都從四面八方趕來參加比賽、觀看錶演，寧靜的大草原頓時變成了歡樂的海洋。
參考翻譯
The lifestyle of Mongolian herdsmen is distinctive. Herdsmen like eating beef, mutton and dairy products and drinking black tea and brick tea.
Most of them live in Mongolian yurt with a skylight for ventilating and lighting. Mongolian people are expert at horseback riding and shooting and skilled in singing and dancing.
The Nadam Fair held in July or August every year is an annual grand festival for Mongolian people. There are horse racing, wrestling, archery contest and wonderful dancing and singing performances during the festival.
During each Nadam Fair, people from different places come to compete and watch performances, instantly turning the quiet grasslands into a sea of pleasure.
難點點撥
1.蒙古族牧民的生活方式很有特色：作爲段落的第一句，翻譯時一定要恰當處理。這裏譯者很靈活地把“很有特色”處理爲be distinctive，表示跟其他民族不同，特色鮮明；另外，"牧民”還可以譯爲shepherds。
2.紅茶和磚茶：不能想當然地把紅茶譯爲red tea，而是blacktea；我們對“磚茶” 可能也不太熟悉，磚茶是一種外形爲長方體的緊壓茶，文中譯爲brick tea，也可音譯爲Zhuan Tea。
3.頂上開有天窗：採用介詞短語with a skylight，簡潔明瞭。
4.能騎善射、能歌善舞：中文爲並列關係，英文也應譯爲並列的短句be expert at horseback riding and shooting and skilled in singing and dancing。
5.賽馬、摔跤、射箭比：可譯爲horse racing, wrestling, archery contest。
6.歡樂的海洋：可譯爲a sea of joy/pleasure。
02 維吾爾族
原文
維吾爾族(Uygur)是中國的一個少數民族。維吾爾族人喜歡喝奶茶，吃肉和用麪粉烤制的饢(nang)。
他們有自己的語言和文字。他們的文學具有一種獨特的民族風格，其中“阿凡提的故事”(the Story of Afanti) 中國各族人民的喜愛。
維吾爾族是個能歌善舞的民族，每逢節日和婚禮，他們都會邀請客人和他們一起跳傳統民間舞蹈。他們的民歌優美動聽，被廣泛傳唱。
參考翻譯
The Uygur is a Chinese ethnic minority. Uygur people like to drink milk tea, eat meat and nang baked with flour.
They have their own spoken and written languages. Uygur literature is of a unique ethnic style, among which the Story of Afanti is favored by all ethnic groups in China.
Uygur people are good at singing and dancing. They will invite guests to join them in their traditional folk dance in festivals and wedding ceremonies. Their folk songs sound beautiful and are widely sung.
難點點撥
1.第2句中的定語“用麪粉烤制的”較長，可將其處理成後置定語，用分詞短語baked with flour來表達，表被動。
2.在第3句中，“語言”側重指口頭的，而“文字”則側重指書面的，故該句可譯爲They have their own spoken and written languages。該句也可對應地譯爲 They have their own languages and characters。
3.在第4句中，“具有……風格”可用be of... style來表達;“其中……”可用among which引導的定語從句來表達，將前後兩個分句連接起來，使分句間的語義關係更加緊密。
4.倒數第2句較長，後兩個分句“每逢……”和“他們都會……”之間語義聯繫緊密，可合譯爲一個句子，第1個分句則單獨另成一句。在“維吾爾族是個能歌善舞的民族”中，“能歌善舞”的施動者是“人”，而非“民族”,故需譯爲 The Uygur people are good at...。“每逢......”作狀語，可譯爲 in festivals and wedding ceremonies，置於句末。
03 少數民族
原文
中國是一個統一的多民族國家，由56個民族組成。中國一直實行民族平等的政策。
在各個民族中，漢族人口最多，佔全國總人口的91%以上。
其餘的55個民族習慣上被稱爲少數民族。少數民族人口數量雖少，但地區分佈很廣，主要居住在西北、西南和東北等地。
蒙古族主要分佈於內蒙古高原（Inner Mongolian Plateau ),被稱爲“草原民族(Grassland people)”；藏族主要分佈於青藏高原，被稱爲“髙原之鷹”(Eagles of Plateau)。
千百年來，中國各族人民在不同的自然和社會歷史條件下，形成了不同特色的風俗和習慣。
參考翻譯
China, a united multi-ethnic nation, is comprised of 56 ethnic groups. China has always implemented the policy of equity among the many ethnic groups.
Among the 56 ethnic groups, the Han nationality has the largest population, accounting for more than 91% of the total.
The other 55 ethnic groups are traditionally referred to as ethnic minorities. The ethnic minorities, though with a considerably small population, are distributed far and wide in China, and mostly live in the northwest, southwest and northeast.
Inner Mongolians often called the “Grassland people”, are mainly distributed on the Inner Mongolian Plateau. Tibetans distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are often called the "Eagles of Plateau".
For thousands of years, various customs and habits of different Chinese ethnic groups have been developed under different natural, social and historical conditions.
難點點撥
1. 多民族國家:可譯爲multi-ethnic nation。
2. 由...組成:可譯爲be comprised of或consist of。
3. 被稱爲...:即be referred to as...
4. 蒙古高原:可譯爲Mongolian Plateau。而Qinghai-Tibet Plateau意爲“青藏高原”。
5.佔全國總人口的91%以上:“佔…比例”用詞組account for來表達，譯文中用現在分詞accounting for作狀語。
6. 分佈很廣:可譯爲be distributed far and wide。
7.在不同的自然和社會歷史條件下:可譯爲under different natural, social and historical conditions
