託福寫作話題之事實類

託福寫作考試中，大家針對不同的題目類型，也需要掌握不同的寫作技巧。今天我們重點來講解的是事實類話題的寫作。下面就跟隨小編一起來學習一下吧!

託福寫作事實類和故事類題目解析

舉例在託福獨立寫作中扮演着非常重要的角色，這在最新版《托福考試官方指南》的滿分評分標準中有着明確且充分的體現：“Is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and/or details .”其中exemplifications正是“舉例”或“例證”之意;另外，details也即“細節”，而細節通常體現在具體的例子當中——這一點進一步說明了舉例的重要性。

事實上，從備考託福獨立寫作的策略來說，舉例有三大好處：

一、真實可信 。沒有具體例子，分論點就缺乏論據，缺乏論據，就缺乏可信度，導致論證不充分。

二、生動有趣 。沒有具體例子，文章將缺乏“畫面感”，大量的“講道理”只能讓文章讀起來味同嚼蠟。

三、充實飽滿 。有相當一部分托福考生，最開始練習託福獨立寫作的時候在30分鐘內是寫不夠官方規定的300詞的，其中一個重要的原因就是沒有具體的例子，光是“假大空”的理論，使文章顯得十分乾癟。

因此，備戰託福的考生們應當在平時有意識、有針對性地練習舉例的思路，並且應當熟練掌握如何用地道、多樣的英語句型將這些例子陳述開來。

首先，我們來討論在描述現象中會用到的舉例詞彙。描述現象就是羅列客觀存在的事實，寫出人們所熟知的，經常出現在日常生活中的普遍現象，適合它的舉例詞彙一般有三種：such as與like，include與range from…to…以及for example與for instance。

爲了能更加直觀地展現舉例的這種方法，現以TPO26的獨立寫作題目爲例，“孩子們選擇與父母相同的工作比選擇與父母不同的工作要好”，並且選擇agree(其實也可選擇disagree，但舉例方法大同小異，所以在此只討論agree的情況)，假設孩子與父母一樣，都選擇教師這個職業，並且提出可以從父母的工作經驗中獲得“備課經驗與恰當的上課方法論”，這就是一個客觀存在的事實，也即描述現象：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

It is better for children to choose jobs that are similar to their parents’ jobs than to choose jobs that are very different from their parents’ jobs.

Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

其次，我們來討論在敘述故事中會用到的舉例詞彙。敘述故事就是寫出真實發生的事件，這些事件可以是發生在其他人身上的，也可以是發生在自己身上的，適合它的舉例詞彙比較多，在此僅討論相對“高端”的兩種：illustrate與exemplify以及…deserves a special mention。爲了能更加直觀地展現舉例的這種方法，現以TPO16的獨立寫作題目爲例，“最佳的旅行方式是跟隨有導遊的旅遊團”，並且選擇disagree(其實也可選擇agree，但舉例方法大同小異，所以在此只討論disagree的情況)，理由是“導遊會把遊客帶到商品價格極高的紀念品店”，例子是my cousin Joseph的一段親身經歷，這就是一個真實發生的事件，也即敘述故事：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

The best way to travel is in a group led by a tour guide.

Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

17個託福寫作精彩語句 讓你託福寫作得高分

An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city . However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.

越來越多的專家相信移民對城市的建設起到積極作用.然而,越來越多的城市居民卻懷疑這種說法,他們抱怨民工給城市帶來了許多嚴重的問題,象犯罪和賣淫.

Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.

許多市民抱怨城市的公交車太少,以至於他們要花很長時間等一輛公交車,而車上可能已滿載乘客.

There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem :the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.

無可否認，空氣污染是一個極其嚴重的問題：城市當局應該採取有力措施來解決它。

An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.

一項調查顯示婦女歡迎退休.

No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.

沒有一項發明象互聯網同時受到如此多的讚揚和批評.

People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.

人們似乎忽視了教育不應該隨着畢業而結束這一事實.

Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.

許多專家指出體育鍛煉直接有助於身體健康.

When it comes to education ,the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

說到教育,大部分人認爲其是一個終生的學習.

The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分學生相信業餘工作會使他們有更多機會發展人際交往能力,而這對他們未來找工作是非常有好處的.

It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to fact the dangers of starvation and exposure.

無可爭辯,現在有成千上萬的人仍過着捱餓受冬的痛苦生活.

Although this view is widely held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

儘管這一觀點被廣泛接受,很少有證據表明教育能夠在任何地點任何年齡進行.

Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately ,for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.

當前,一提到即將開始的學校生活,許多學生都會興高采烈.然而,對多數年輕人來說,校園剛開始的日子並不是什麼愉快的經歷.

In view of the seriousness of this problem ,effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

考慮到問題的嚴重性,在事態進一步惡化之前,必須採取有效的措施.

Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.

應該採取適當的措施限制外國旅遊者的數量,努力保護當地環境和歷史不受國際旅遊業的不利影響.

A proper part-time job does not occupy student's too much time fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy

一份適當的業餘工作並不會佔用學生太多的時間,事實上,把全部的時間都用到學習上並不健康,正如那句老話:只工作,不玩耍,聰明的孩子會變傻.

Any government which is blind to this point may pay a heavy price.

任何政府忽視這一點都將付出巨大的代價.

An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.

越來越多的人開始意識到教育不能隨着畢業而結束.

【實例講解】如何把握好託福寫作結構安排

“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? ”這是新託福獨立寫作的典型提問方式，正是因爲相對較統一的提問法，她降低了不少應對難度。至少考生在完成獨立寫作前是可以有針對性的練習和研究的;然而，要想取得5分的好成績，單純知道題目的提問方式是遠遠不夠的，考官如何評分等一系列基本問題也是必須被考生所瞭解的，這其中就包括一個重要的信息：結構安排。

新託福獨立寫作一共有3個評分標準：如何展開論點，如何組織結構以及如何運用語言表達觀點。語言的表達是項相對較耗時的任務，不是一朝一夕即可掌握的，因此急需考生的長期醞釀;而如何展開論點，相對應其實與如何運用語言是相輔相成的，同樣是需要時間。中國考生寫作分數不高並不是因爲不知道說什麼理由，而是不知道如何用英語恰當的表達自己的中文思路。因此這3個評分標準中最有技巧最易提升的便是第二個：如何組織結構。

因此，有了以上的大致信息後，考生就應該多思考如何能在30分鐘內締造出完美的文章結構，來獲得考官的青睞?一篇好的結構不僅包括必備的連接詞和過渡句，自然也離不開永恆的內在統一。

任何形式的英語文章中都應該具備一定量的連接詞(路標詞)，因爲它們是有助於讀者順利閱讀的“導航座標”;大多數考生在備考時也的確會準備一系列此類連接詞，用於文章每個段落的段首;包括有表示“第一，第二，第三”等的連接詞。但是單純有段首連接詞還不足以支撐全文的結構，因此考生應該同時準備段中連接詞，包括“比如說，因爲，但是，相對比而言”等，粗略估計，全文完成下來可以達到15個以上的路標詞，不僅承接了全文，結構清晰明瞭，而且也爲時間緊張下的寫作減輕了不少字數壓力。

以下爲常用連接詞：

1， 第一：in the first place/ first and foremost/ to start with/ to begin with/ first of all/ first/ firstly

2， 第二：in the second place/ secondly and equal importantly/ to continue/ second/ secondly

3， 第三：in the third place/ last but not least/ third/ thirdly

4， 一方面、另一方面：on one hand/ on the other hand; for one thing/ for another

5， 表原因：because/ because of/ since/ due to/ as/ thanks to/ for/ owing to

6， 表結果：so/ therefore/ as a result/ consequently/ as a consequence

7， 表舉例：for example/ for instance/ such as/ take…as an example/ to illustrate

8， 表承接：besides/ furthermore/ moreover/ what’s more/ in addition/ additionally

9， 錶轉折：but/ while/ however/ nevertheless/ nonetheless

10，表比較對比: to compare with/ compared with/ in comparison with/ by contrast/ on the contrary

…

當然，僅僅依靠連接詞是不足以表明全文的連貫性的，適當的添加過渡句也是很好的承接手段，如Official Guide To The New TOEFL P263中有一篇關於DISHONESTY KILLS RELIABILITY 的5分範文中就有出現多處明顯的段落過渡句，如第三段首“After stating that everyone’s opinion can be different about this, for me honesty, in other words, always telling…”用來承接上下兩段，以引出自己的觀點看法;第五段首“Although I would like to see altruistic, understanding, thoughtful and loyal behavior from people, an instance of the opposite…”等都明顯具備良好的過渡功能，讓全文更加流暢舒服，朗朗上口。

託福寫作模板 4大開篇方法教你如何起頭

一、可以先表明自己的立場，再闡述原因

Businesses are as likely as are governments to establish large bureaucracies， but bureaucracy is far more damaging to a business than it is to a government.

Contrary to the statement’s premise， my view is that businesses are less likely than government to establish large bureaucracies， because businesses know that they are more vulnerable than government to damage resulting from bureaucratic inefficiencies. My position is well supported by common sense and by observation.

二、比較新穎、有創意的開頭

“As technologies and the demand for certain services change， many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker， not to government or to business.

As a saying goes， “God helps those help themselves”， which is true in most cases. But as far as the large numbers of laid-off workers caused by the technological and market changes are concerned， I believe the government and the business certainly have an unshakable responsibility to take.

三、可以適當的複述一下題目，然後稍作讓步，再表達自己的觀點和立場

“Work greatly influences people’s personal lives—their special interests， their leisure activities， even their appearance way from the work place.”

The speaker claims that our jobs greatly influence our personal interests， recreational activities and even appearance. While I agree that the personal lives of some people are largely determined by their work， in my view it would be a mistake to draw this conclusion generally. In my observation， the extent to which occupation influences personal life depends on the nature of the work， and how central the work is to one’s sense of self.

“We shape our buildings and afterwards our buildings shape us.”

I believe this statement should be interpreted broadly—to mean that we are influenced by the exterior shape of buildings， as well as by the arrangement of multiple buildings and by a building’s various architectural and aesthetic elements. While I doubt that buildings determine our character or basic personality traits， I agree that they can greatly influence our attitudes， moods， and even life styles.

四、新託福寫作可以以提問方式開頭，闡述自己的觀點，再表明自己的立場

“As technologies and the demand for certain services change， many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker， not to government or to business.”

As technology and changing social needs render more and more jobs obsolete， who is responsible for helping displaced workers adjustWhile individuals have primary responsibility for learning new skills and finding work， both industry and government have some obligation to provide them the means of doing so.