本科論文英文摘要
近些年來,伴隨着我國經濟社會的不斷髮展,社會上需要一些更加具有高素質綜合能力的優秀英語人才。下面是本站小編帶來的關於本科論文英文摘要的內容，歡迎閱讀參考!
評價理論下漢英脫口秀節目中恭維語研究
摘要：本文對產生漢語恭維語和美語恭維語差異的原因進行探尋，發現這與兩種語言本身的不同，語言使用習慣的不同，思維方式，價值觀和文化的不同都有關係。通過研究，本文旨在對外語學習與應用提供幫助，並在跨文化交際過程中加深彼此的理解、減少文化衝突。
本科論文英文摘要(二)英語學習者朗讀中語調偏差實證研究
摘要：由於本研究主要依據語調三重系統，研究內容主要涉及三個方面的差異比較:學習者與本族語者在調羣切分的偏差情況，調核位置分佈情況以及對於不同句型的調型選擇偏差。
本科論文英文摘要(三)非英語專業大學生元認知監控與學習者自主的相關性研究
摘要：本文的目的是通過問卷調查的方法來揭露我國非英語系大學生元認知監控能力與學習自主水平相關性。該研究同時也爲了填補過去對英語學習中元認知監控研究的留白。
以下是小編帶來的關於本科論文英文的論文，希望能幫到您!評價理論下漢英脫口秀節目中恭維語研究
摘要：本文是英語論文範文，本文對產生漢語恭維語和美語恭維語差異的原因進行探尋，發現這與兩種語言本身的不同，語言使用習慣的不同，思維方式，價值觀和文化的不同都有關係。通過研究，本文旨在對外語學習與應用提供幫助，並在跨文化交際過程中加深彼此的理解、減少文化衝突。
1. Introduction
1.1 Research Background
Owing to the highly developed technology and convenient worldwide transportation, communications between foreigners and Chinese become more frequent than before. However, we gradually find out that different countries have different cultures. If we do not know the cultural gap between foreign countries and our country, it is not easy for us to have a better understanding with each other. More seriously, conflicts are likely to take p lace. Therefore, it is a must for us to strengthen intercultural communicative competence. Compliments, as “social lubricants”, are said to “grease the social wheels” (Wolfson, 1983: 89). As we can see, they play an important role in our social life. From 1970s, many researchers have done some work on compliment language. To be more specific, compliment language has been extensively studied in its definition, its language forms, its distribution and frequency, as well as the reasons for compliments. However, there are some limitations in either English compliments study or C hinese compliments study. O n one hand, the existing contrast of C hinese and English compliments tends to be, in fact, in China and all English-speaking countries. It lacks pertinence and the research scope is too broad. Few researches focus on similarities and differences between C hinese and American compliments. On the other hand, former studies on compliments are on the basis of Searl’s Speech Act Theory and Leech’s Politeness Principle so the perspectives are the same. Therefore, this thesis aims to explore and clarify the similarities and differences between American compliments and Chinese compliments from a new perspective——Appraisal Theory.
1.2 Research Purposes
This study, by analyzing the collected corpus, tries to accomplish three purposes: First of all, it aims at identifying the ways how both C hinese and Americans compliment people and things in different situations (appearance, ability, possession, etc). This task is of great importance because it is the first and basic step to guide the latter analyses. Second, it aims to compare and contrast the C hinese compliments and American English compliments &nb sp;in two subsystems of Appraisal Theory——attitude and graduation to discover their similarities and differences, which is the main part of the thesis. Finally, it endeavors to analyze the possible reasons for the differences. This part is much more meaningful than the findings of data analys is because these possible reasons are crucial for us to have a better understanding about the differences between C hinese and American compliments. There is no doubt that better knowing background information of a target language facilitates foreign language learning and mutual communications.
2. Literature Review
As mentioned before, the purpose of this thesis aims at exploring differences and similarities between Chinese compliments and American compliments from the perspective of Appraisal Theory. Therefore, it is necessary to look back the previous researches on compliments. In this chapter, the author will give a brief presentation about studies on compliments at home and abroad.
2.1 A Review of Compliment
In terms of the defining by Holmes (1995), compliment is “a speech act which explicitly or implicitly attributes credit to someone other than the speaker, usually the person addressed, for some ‘good’ (possession, characteristic, skill etc.) which is positively valued by the speaker and the hearer.” In his point of view, compliments are clearly positive politeness devices which express goodwill and solidarity between the speaker and the addressed. Herbert (1997) noted that most definitions of compliments specified two conditions: “(1) an expression of admiration on the part of the speaker, (2) concerning a possession, accomplishment, or personal quality of the addressee.” Hobbs (2003) also stated that a compliment speech act could bestow credit upon the addressee explicitly or implicitly for their possession, skill, characteristics, and so on. This research mainly chooses the above concepts of compliment given by Holmes, Herbert and Hobbs as a speech act which expresses one’s positive praise explicitly or implicitly to the hearer.
2.2 A Review of Compliment Studies Abroad
In the 1970s, a linguist (Pomerantz, 1978) started the research of compliment. He studied compliment responses from a conversational perspective and classified it as four categories: acceptances, agreements, rejections and disagreements. Since 1980s, the research on compliment made widely progress. Compliment was paid considerable attention by many scholars from different aspects. Manes and Wolfson (1981) discovered that the formulas of compliments are highly formulaic, both on their syntactic level and on their lexical level. In 1981, they took the American middle class as their research subject and took people’s possessions, appearance, achievements and abilities as main topics of compliment. They pointed out only nine kinds of syntactic patterns among 1200 pieces of compliment language corpus, which accounted fo r 97.2% of all data. Moreover, among these nine syntactic patterns, three major patterns mostfrequently occurred, which accounted for 85%. They are listed below.
3. Results and Discussion
As stated above, in this thesis the author conducts a comparative stud y on talk shows based on Appraisal Theory, which can be divided into three sub-systems: attitude, engagement and graduation. This part is connected with the detailed analysis of C hinese and American compliments in talk shows from attitude and graduation sub-systems of Appraisal Theory. The two sub-systems and their sub-categories are employed in the analysis in detail. Furthermore, in order to make the discussion clearer and more observable, more specific analysis of examples with representative characteristics and typical features are presented. Meanwhile, the cases selected from C hinese and American talk shows are separated in two sections so as to give a clear and concrete elaboration. All the appraisal resources are collected and counted one by one. Based on the selection and classification, some tables will be made for illustrations and contrastive analyses. The objective data and pictorial examples are combined to give quantitative and qualitative explanations. Lastly, the corresponding reasons for the phenomena are discussed.
3.1 Comparative Analysis from Attitude
As noted above, attitude system is the core part of Appraisal Theory. It has three subcategories——affect, judgment and appreciation. Affect deals with the evaluation by expressing personal feelings; judgment assesses human behaviors by reference to moral standard and social norms; appreciation is concerned with aesthetic evaluation to the texts, processes, phenomena and even abstract things instead of human beings, especially thing-oriented. The analysis in this section is conducted in terms of the three subcategories. In this part, we will compare attitude resources in Chinese and American talk shows. Through the analysis, we can have a better understanding of the distribution of the attitude resources both in C hinese and America n compliments. We can also know what kind of attitude the speak expresses by the attitude utterances and how the attitude words achieve the speaker’s conversation goals. Finally, the possible reasons will be discussed.
Conclusion
In this chapter, a summary of this study is given first. After that, the major findings are presented and this part is the kernel of the thesis. Then the limitations and suggestions of the study are discussed. The motivations for this thesis are two- fold. The first motivation is to extend the range of applications of Appraisal Theory. Although Appraisal Theory has been applied to a great many areas, there are few studies on the contrastive analysis of C hinese and American compliments by means of Appraisal Theory. The second motivation is to have a deep and comprehensive understanding about the similarities and differences of C hinese and American compliments, for compliment, as a common used language phenomenon in our daily life, affects our cross-cultural communication. In this thesis the author tries to analyze both Chinese and American compliments by using Appraisal this paper, on a basis of Appraisal Theory, the author does a comparative research of compliments in Chinese and American talk shows and finally discloses some common points and specific differences in the data analys is. On one hand, Chinese compliments and American compliments have certain similarities. In attitude system, compliments in China and America both tend to affirm others’ ability, proper behaviors, good quality and value. In graduation system, the force raises in the majority of Chinese and American compliments. On the other hand, the author also concludes plenty of differences. First, in the attitude system, Americans tend to use compliments of affect while C hinese would prefer to employ compliments of judgment. Second, in the graduation system, the use of force in C hinese compliments is obviously more than that in American compliments. What is more, most of force resources raise. Specifically speaking, in judgmental sub-system, American Compliments are more focused on the affirmation of others’ ability. However, C hinese people prefer to affirm others’ behaviors which are reliable or comply with social norms.
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