電子煙普遍流行,但青少年抽菸人數正在下降
Fewer teens are smoking despite vape increase
電子煙普遍流行,但青少年抽菸人數正在下降
Teenagers given good health information, I believe, will always act responsibly, by and large. This is proved by national surveys in several countries indicating smoking among the young has continued to fall in recent years, despite a rapid growth in e-cigarette use.
我相信總體而言，只要給予青少年正確的健康信息指引，他們就會負責任地行事。一些國家的全國調查證明了這一點：近年來，青少年的抽菸率持續下降，儘管電子煙的使用快速普及。
Health professionals have feared vaping might act as a gateway to regular smoking – or prompt young people to see smoking as socially acceptable, referred to as"renormalisation". The good news is, it doesn't.
健康專員擔心，電子煙或成爲定期吸菸的誘因——或促使青少年認爲，抽菸是被社會接受的，也被稱作“再常態化”。但好消息是，電子煙並不會成爲定期吸菸的誘因。
Researchers have looked at smoking trends among young people as well as their attitudes towards smoking since 1998, focusing particularly on changes between 2011 and 2015 when e-cigarettes caught on.
自1998年以來，研究員一直關注青少年的抽菸趨勢及他們的抽菸態度，尤爲關注2011至2015年發生的變化（這段時間開始流行電子煙）。
To identify whether trends applied only to tobacco or reflected overall changes in substance use in teens, the scientists also analysed trends in alcohol and cannabis use. Data on smoking was collected on 248,324 secondary school pupils aged around 13 and 15 in England, Scotland and Wales, while data on attitudes were available for 162,324respondents.
爲確定這些趨勢是僅能反映青少年的菸草使用還是能反映青少年藥物使用的整體變化，科學家同時也分析了青少年的酒精和大麻使用趨勢。研究員收集了來自英格蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士248324所中學13至15歲學生的抽菸數據，並收集了162324位受訪者有關抽菸態度的數據。
Pupils were asked whether they'd ever smoked, if they were regular smokers (at least once a week), and also if they thought it was OK to smoke/try smoking. They were also quizzed about their use of alcohol and cannabis.
研究員問及的信息包括：是否吸過煙、是否定期吸菸（每週至少一次），以及在他們心中，抽菸/嘗試抽菸好不好。同時，這些學生也被問及他們對酒精和大麻的使用。
The results are quite reassuring – showing that between 1998 and 2015, the percentage of 13 and 15 year olds who had ever smoked fell from 60 per cent to 19 per cent, while the proportion of regular smokers fell from 19 per cent to 5 per cent.
研究結果令人寬慰——1998至2015年間，13至15歲學生的抽菸率從60%下降爲19%，而定期吸菸的人數從19%降爲5%。
Teenage perceptions of smoking have also changed over time. Only 27 per cent in 2015 thought it was OK to try a cigarette, falling from 70 per cent in 1999. The proportion of those in England saying it was OK to smoke weekly fell from 36 per cent in 2003 to 14 per cent in 2014.
青少年對吸菸的看法也隨着時間的推移發生了變化。在2015年，只有27%的人認爲嘗試抽菸沒什麼不好，但1999年，這一數據爲70%。在英格蘭，認爲每週抽一次沒什麼不好的人數比例從2003年的36%降爲2014年的14%。
These patterns of abstinence were also reflected in alcohol and cannabis use. Between 1998 and 2015, the proportion of those who had ever tried cannabis fell from 29% to 9%, while those who had ever tried alcohol fell from 79 per cent to 48 per cent.
這些節制模式也在酒精和大麻使用方面有所體現。在1998至2015年間，嘗試吸食大麻的比例從29%降至9%，同時，喝酒比例從79%降至48%。
