萬能供血王:O型血更抗霧霾

A study of 14 years of patient data from the Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute in Utah, US, found that the risk of a heart attack or chest pain doubled for people of type A, B, or AB blood when pollution hits high levels.

美國猶他州山間醫療中心心臟科做了項實驗，14年中通過收集病患數據，發現當污染嚴重時，A型血、B型血和AB型血的人患心臟病和胸痛的機率會翻倍。

In contrast the risk rose only rose by 40 per cent for those with type O.

然而，O型血的人患病機率只增加了40%。

"The association between heart attacks and pollution in patients with non-O blood isn't something to panic over, but it is something to be aware of," said Dr Benjamin Horne, a clinical epidemiologist and lead investigator of the study from the Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute in Salt Lake City.

鹽湖城山間醫療中心心臟科流行病臨牀學博士、實驗首席調查員本傑明·霍因說："非O型血病人污染嚴重時易患心臟病的情況並不值得恐慌，但是需要注意。"

"In the information we provide to our patients about pollution, we try to stress that they can do something about it to reduce their risks: Stay indoors out of pollution. Exercise indoors."

"我們跟病人說明污染情況和心臟病的聯繫時，都會強調他們可以通過待在室內、在室內鍛鍊來降低風險。"

Air pollution in Britain is thought to contribute to around 40,000 early deaths a year, according to the Royal Colleges of Physicians and of Paediatrics and Child Health.

皇家醫學院和兒科學院說，英國的空氣污染每年致使4萬多人壽命縮短。

Recent research by the World Health Organisation found that 44 major UK towns and cities now breach WHO guidelines on air quality with particulate levels so high they cause six million sick days each year.

世界衛生組織近期做了調查，發現英國有44個重要城鎮違反了世界衛生組織對空氣質量的規定，空氣中顆粒濃度太高，每年因此生病的人生病總時長達六百萬天。

Safe levels of air pollution are generally considered to be under 20 micrograms per cubic metre, but during levels of high pollution, the PM2.5 count - the measure of small particulates in the air - raise to around 60 micrograms per cubic metre. In London it has been known to rise to 197.

空氣污染的安全水平爲每立方米空氣中顆粒物不超過20微克。但是高度污染時，每立方米空氣中，PM2.5的數量爲60微克。倫敦的PM2.5已經高達197微克。

The study found that for every additional 10 micrograms over 20, the risk to people with type A, B, or AB blood increased by 25 per cent, but only by 10 per cent for people with type O.

調查發現，在已有20微克顆粒的基礎上，每增加10微克顆粒，A、B、AB型血的人患病機率就增加25%，O型血人只增加10%。

Around 55 per cent of people are A, B, or AB and they are thought to be at greater risk of heart problems because their blood contains greater quantities of a clotting agent.

55%的人都是A、B、或AB型血，他們血液中的凝血因子含量更高，患心臟病的機率也就更高。