環保部發布研究報告 近三成兒童受室內空氣污染威脅

Chinese children are facing new types of health risks, with nearly one-third of them are threatened by potential hazards from indoor air pollution, said a recent report released by the Ministry of Environmental Protection.

環保部日前發佈報告稱，我國兒童面臨新型健康風險，其中近1/3受到室內空氣污染的潛在危害的威脅。

According to the report, 26.8% of children are exposed to indoor air pollution attributable to solid fuels used for cooking or heating, 12.7% have no properly treated drinking water, 13.6% live in places where there are petroleum, petrochemical, coking and other highly polluting enterprises within a radius of 1 km, and 14.6% live in places where there are major highways within 50 meters.

報告稱，26.8%的兒童暴露於用固體燃料做飯或取暖引起的室內空氣污染，12.7%無法獲得經過適當處理的飲用水，13.6%生活場所周邊1公里範圍內有石油、石化、煉焦等高污染企業，14.6%生活場所周邊50米範圍內有交通幹道。

The study marked Chinas first large-scale research on patterns of population exposure to the environment, a first of its kind for any developing country.

據介紹，環境保護部組織的此次調查是我國首次大規模的人羣環境暴露行爲模式研究，也是發展中國家第一次。

The impact of environmental pollution on health is not only related to pollutant density and toxicity, but also patterns of exposure to the environment, said Zou Shoumin, a ministry official.

環保部一名名叫鄒首民的官員表示，環境污染對健康影響不僅與環境污染物的濃度和毒性有關，還與人的環境暴露行爲模式密切相關。

According to Zou, exposure patterns cover four major aspects: One, physiological features like height, weight and respiratory volume.

據鄒首民介紹，環境暴露行爲模式包括四個方面：一是人體生理特徵，如身高、體重、呼吸量等

Two, the length, frequency, channels and means of contacting pollutants borne by air, water and other environmental media.

二是人接觸空氣、水等環境介質中污染物的時間、頻率、途徑和方式。

Three, pollution source distribution in the living environment.

三是人居環境中污染源分佈情況；

And last, preventative measures taken to counteract potential health risks from exposure.

最後一點是人對暴露風險的防範行爲。

The study also found that patterns of exposure to the environment among Chinese children show differences according to their age, gender and the place where they live.

研究發現，我國兒童環境暴露行爲模式存在明顯的年齡、性別、城鄉和地區差異。

Children under three years are increasingly exposed to outdoor air pollution with the increase of age, but the trend is reversed after they go to school.

我國兒童室外空氣綜合暴露係數3歲前隨年齡增長而增加，入學後呈逐年下降趨勢。

While boys are exposed to outdoor air pollution more than girls of the same age group, urban children see less exposure than their rural counterparts.

同年齡段男童室外空氣綜合暴露係數高於女童，城市兒童低於農村兒童。

Also, children are less exposed to pollution and given more preventative protection if their parents or caretakers are better-off and more educated.

此外，如果兒童家庭經濟水平、撫養人文化程度高，那麼他們就會更少的暴露於污染中，並會被給予更多的預防性保護。