讓你比別人更聰明的十件怪事(下)

iness

5.快樂

Ernest Hemingway once said that "Happiness in intelligent people is the rarest thing I know." We can all think of intelligent people who seem to be driven to misery by their intelligence (Hemingway committed suicide), and there does seem to be a strong link between intelligence and mood. In the past it was thought that high IQ was linked to depression and low moods. This year, however, a study in the UK showed that those with lower IQ were more likely to be unhappy than their more intelligent colleagues. Once again, it could be the characteristics associated with intelligence – rather than intelligence itself – which have tended to induce despair.

厄內斯特海明威曾經說過："在智者身上的幸福據我所知是極爲罕見的。"據我們所知，聰明的人往往痛苦也較多，諸如海明威之類，最終就選擇了自殺。這樣看來，智力和情緒之間有着密切的聯繫。過去，人們總把高智商和情緒低落和抑鬱聯繫在一起。然而，在今年英國的一項研究中，那些智商較低的人羣往往比聰明的人羣幸福指數低。

ntricity

4.怪癖

Eccentricity is a difficult quality to define and measure. It is usually seen as odd behaviour with regard to social norms, but behaviour which at the same time – unlike insanity – is not necessarily harmful to the individual. Some evidence (mostly anecdotal) points to creative intellectuals being prone to eccentricity, but eccentricity is also prevalent among academics. Montaigne once wrote that "obsession is the wellspring of genius and madness" – and perhaps it is this very obsession which creates an eccentric, and gifts him with a corresponding intelligence.

怪癖是個很難定義的概念。它通常被認爲是一種有悖於社會規則的古怪行爲，可是它也不同於精神病，不會對個體帶來壞處。一個傳聞表明，具有創新精神的人才通常有怪癖，而學者們一般也有怪癖。蒙恬曾經說過："癡迷是天才也是瘋狂的源泉。"也許正是這種癡迷產生了怪癖，也同樣贈與那些人們相應的智力。

king

3.飲酒

Some studies have followed British children as they grow up, and have measured a number of characteristics. This has allowed a range of traits to be correlated to intelligence. One study looked at the link between alcohol consumption and intelligence. It was found that you could predict a child's level of alcohol intake, based on their intelligence. Surprisingly, intelligent children were more likely to be heavy drinkers when they grew up. Similar results have been observed in the United States.

一些伴隨英國的孩子們長大的研究，目前已經發現了許多有趣的現象，其中有很多是關於智力的特點。其中有一項研究飲酒與智力之間的關係。研究發現，一個孩子潛藏的飲酒量基於他們的智力。令人驚訝的是，聰明的孩子長大後更可能是重度飲酒者。讓人更驚訝的是，類似的結果在美國也被發現，所以這並非偶然。

lar Disorder

2.抑鬱狂躁型患者

Madness has been linked to intelligence since ancient times. Today, politically incorrect terms like madness are unacceptable for descriptive use, but the relation of mental illness and intelligence remains a fruitful area of study for neuroscientists and psychologists. A Swedish study compared the relationship between student performance and their mental health in later life. It found that amongst those students in the highest performing group, bipolar disorder was four times more likely to develop later in life.

瘋狂與智力自古以來就密不可分。不過到了現在，諸如瘋狂這樣的術語用來描述高智商則很難獲得人們的接受。但是精神病與智力的關係仍是心理學家和神經專家們大力研究的一個項目。瑞典的一項研究比較了大學生的表現和心理健康兩者之間的關係。它發現，這些有最佳表現的學生羣在今後的人生中會患雙相情感障礙症的比率是常人的四倍。

olate consumption

1.巧克力消費

Correlation does not necessarily imply causation. When a surprising link is made between two seemingly unrelated factors, you have to consider what may be the real link between the two. Very recently a study looked at the number of Nobel laureates per ten million people in a country's population, and the amount of chocolate that the whole country consumes. The resulting graph shows a very strong and statistically significant positive correlation. While it may not guarantee you get a phone call from Stockholm, it seems that having a bar of chocolate – or being surrounded by chocolate-munching friends – won't do your brain too much harm in the long run.

相關性不等於因果關係。當兩個看似無關的因素之間有着驚人的聯繫，你必須考慮兩者之間真正的聯繫是什麼。最近一項研究觀察了一個國家每一千萬人中諾貝爾獎得主的人數和該國巧克力的消費量。得出的結果統計圖顯示兩者成正相關關係。這雖然不表明你能夠得到從摩洛哥打來的電話，但是如果你擁有一條巧克力或者你有愛吃巧克力的朋友，從長遠看來，這對你沒有害處。

翻譯：王珂 來源：前十網