人們對於孕婦飲酒的擔憂

Concern over levels of drinking during pregnancy raised by studies

一項調查研究引起了人們對於孕婦飲酒的擔憂

More than 17,000 women in the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand were questioned, with confusion over guidelines blamed for the figures

在英國，愛爾蘭，澳大利亞和新西蘭，超過17000名婦女參與了調查，由這一數字引起的看法也受到了質疑

Alcohol use during pregnancy is 'prevalent and socially pervasive' in the UK and Ireland, health experts have warned, after carrying out a large-scale study.

在開展了大規模的調查之後，健康專家提醒指出，在英國和愛爾蘭，懷孕期間飲酒是"流行的，普遍的"。

Drinking in pregnancy is common, according to a study which labels it a "significant public health concern" even though most women appear to give up once they know they are pregnant.

一項研究表明，懷孕期間飲酒很常見。並將之歸爲“公共健康的重要問題”，即使大多數女人知道自己懷孕了，可能會放棄飲酒。

The authors of the study, in the journal BMJ Open, say the guidelines on safe drinking are confusing, pointing out that Ireland, New Zealand and Australia recommend no alcohol for the entire pregnancy, while the UK says one to two units once or twice a week will do no harm after the first three months.

該研究的作者，在BMJopen雜誌中說，安全飲酒的準則是比較令人困惑的。他指出，在愛爾蘭，新西蘭和澳大利亞，都提倡整個孕期不要飲酒，而在英國，懷孕三個月之後的婦女，每週一到兩次，少量的飲酒是沒有壞處的。

Substantial numbers of women appear to be taking no heed of guidelines when they become pregnant, according to the findings. The research pulled together results from several studies carried out in different ways in the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. They found that as much as 80% of more than 17,000 women may have drank during the first trimester of pregnancy.

研究表明，當女人懷孕時，她們中的大多數都不會對所謂的準則加以理睬。這一研究是將各項研究融合到一起，這些研究曾經在英國，愛爾蘭，澳大利亞和新西蘭以不同方式進行過。在這接受調查的17,000名婦女中，80%甚至更多,都在懷孕的頭三個月期間喝酒了。

In all countries, drinking dropped dramatically in the second trimester (between three and six months pregnant).

而在所有的國家，懷孕第二個階段（三到六月期間）飲酒人數就會急劇的減少。

A higher level of education, having other children, and being overweight/obese were also associated with a lower risk of drinking while pregnant, but being a smoker made it more likely that a woman would drink while pregnant.

更高層次的教育，有其他孩子，以及超重/肥胖這些情況也與懷孕時飲酒較少有關，但是如果一個人吸菸的話，她就更可能在懷孕時飲酒。

The authors write that alcohol exposure may occur in over 75% of pregnancies in the UK and Ireland. Since women drink in the first three months, when the development of the foetus is less well understood, they say, "the widespread consumption of even low levels of alcohol during pregnancy is a significant public health concern".

作者還寫道，在英國和愛爾蘭懷孕女性中，75%會接觸酒精。他們說，懷孕頭三個月孕婦會飲酒可能是因爲那時胎兒發育還不健全。"在懷孕期間儘量少飲酒在公共健康方面是很受重視的"。

審校：哎呀 校對：落花生 編輯：Freya然