馬路三大殺手: 年輕&女性&獨自開車

People younger than 25 are more than four times as likely as older people to use a cellphone while driving, a new study reports, and a driver talking on a phone is about 63 percent more likely to be a woman than a man.

一項新研究報告，25歲以下的年輕人在駕駛時使用手機的可能性是較年長者的4倍還多，而且，女性在駕駛時打電話的可能性比男性高63%。

Researchers in Texas estimated driver age and recorded driver and passenger characteristics and cellphone use for 1,280 drivers as they stopped at busy intersections near medical centers in Houston, Dallas, Austin, El Paso, San Antonio and Brownsville. The study, in Preventive Medicine Reports, gathered data from 2011 to 2013.

得克薩斯的研究人員分別對在美國休斯敦、達拉斯、奧斯汀、埃爾帕索、聖安東尼奧和布朗斯維爾等市的醫療中心附近繁忙的十字路口處停車的1280名司機的年齡進行了估計，並記錄了司機和乘客的特徵和使用手機的情況。該研究發表在《預防醫學報告》雜誌(Preventive Medicine Reports)上，其中收集了2011年至2013年的數據。

During that time, the percentage of drivers talking on the phone decreased, to 16.4 percent from 20.5 percent. But texting increased, to 8.4 percent from 6.4 percent.

在此期間，司機打電話的比例從20.5%下降到了16.4%。但發短信的比例從6.4%增加到了8.4%。

Lone drivers were more than four times as likely to be talking on the phone as drivers carrying passengers, and women were more than twice as likely to be texting as men.

司機獨自駕車時打電話的可能性是搭載乘客時的4倍以上，而女性發短信的可能性是男性的兩倍多。

“Areas of high-density car and pedestrian traffic really need to be considered for prohibition,” said the lead author, R. Sue Day, an associate professor of epidemiology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health. “And it may be helpful to concentrate future interventions on females and younger drivers.”

“在交通繁忙，車輛和行人流量較大的地方確實需要考慮禁止（司機使用手機），”該研究的主要作者，得克薩斯大學休斯頓公共衛生學院健康科學中心(University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health)的流行病學副教授R·休·戴(R. Sue Day)說。“而且，將未來干預的重點放在女性和年輕司機身上可能會更有幫助。”

Texas has no statewide laws prohibiting driving while using a cellphone.

得克薩斯州的法律並未禁止在駕駛時使用手機。