航空公司紛紛出臺駕駛艙新規則

Airlines are toughening up cockpit rules after French prosecutors accused the co-pilot of the Germanwings airliner that crashed in the Alps of wanting to “destroy the plane” when he was left alone on the flightdeck.

法國檢察機關對墜毀於阿爾卑斯山區的德國之翼(Germanwings)客機的副駕駛提出指控，稱當他獨自留在駕駛艙時想要“摧毀這架飛機”，隨後各家航空公司紛紛修改駕駛艙規則，使其更爲嚴格。

EasyJet, Norwegian, Monarch, Emirates and Air Canada were among those who introduced new procedures to require two people in the cockpit at all times. EasyJet said it had taken the decision after consultation with the UK’s civil Aviation Authority.

易捷航空(easyJet)、挪威航空(Norwegian)、君主航空(Monarch)、阿聯酋航空(Emirates)以及加拿大航空(Air Canada)都出臺了新規程，要求駕駛艙內任何時間都要有兩人在場。易捷航空表示在諮詢英國民航管理局（Civil Aviation Authority，簡稱：CAA）後，作出了這一決定。

The CAA has written to all UK carriers to ask what procedures they have in place for when one of the pilots leaves the flightdeck.

英國民航管理局已致函英國所有航空公司，詢問當一名飛行員離開駕駛艙時，它們有何操作規程。

Richard Taylor, CAA spokesman, said it was “very possible” that airlines could soon be required to have a member of the cabin crew stay in the cockpit if a pilot left for a break, as is the norm in the US.

英國民航管理局發言人理查德•泰勒(Richard Taylor)表示，航空公司“非常可能”很快就會收到命令，要求當一名飛行員離開駕駛艙去休息時，必須有一名乘務員留在駕駛艙裏，這在美國已是常規。

The pre-emptive moves by the world’s airlines come as public concern over aviation safety mounts in the wake of the Germanwings crash, which killed all 150 people on board.

德國之翼客機墜毀事故發生後，公衆對航空安全的關注劇增，這些航空公司搶先採取了行動。此次墜機造成機上150人全部遇難。

Brice Robin, the Marseille prosecutor, said that based on the cockpit voice recordings there was no explanation for why the co-pilot — whom he named as German national Andreas Lubitz, 27 — behaved as he did.

法國檢察官布里塞•羅班(Brice Robin)表示，根據駕駛艙語音記錄無法解釋副駕駛的行爲。這名副駕駛名爲安德烈亞斯•盧比茨(Andreas Lubitz)，德國人，今年27歲。

“He pressed this button [to begin the descent] for a reason we still don’t know why,” Mr Robin said. “All we hear is his breathing and it is normal breathing. He didn’t say a single word after the pilot left the cockpit.”

羅班說：“他按下按鈕（讓飛機開始下降），我們仍不知道原因爲何。我們只聽到他的呼吸聲，他的呼吸很正常。另一個飛行員離開駕駛艙後他沒說一個字。”

“When you have 150 people with you, I wouldn’t call it a suicide. That is why I am not using this word,” he told a press conference.

羅班在記者會上說：“當連你在內一共有150人時，我不會稱之爲自殺。這就是爲什麼我不用這個詞。”

Mr Robin said the passengers were probably not aware of what was going on during the eight-minute descent until shortly before the impact, at which point the Airbus A320 was travelling at 700kph (435mph).

羅班表示，在飛機下降的8分鐘裏乘客們可能不知道發生了什麼事，他們可能直到飛機撞山前一刻才意識到這一悲劇，此時這架空客A320的飛行速度爲700千米/時（435英里/時）。

“On the recording you only hear the screams in the last moments,” he said. “The Airbus A320 is rather a big plane. The passengers aren’t next to where the cockpit is, so we only hear screams at the very end. Death was instant.”

他說：“在錄音裏，只有在最後時刻才聽到尖叫聲。這架空客A320是一架相當大的飛機。乘客座位不挨着駕駛艙，因此我們只在悲劇快要發生的那一刻才聽到慘叫聲，機上人員瞬間遇難。”

Thomas de Maizière, Germany’s interior minister, said that Lubitz had no known links to terrorism. Speaking to reporters in Berlin, Mr de Maizière said: “There is no evidence of any kind of terrorist background. We checked everything.”

德國內政部長托馬斯•德•邁齊埃(Thomas de Maizière)表示，盧比茨與恐怖主義不存在已知聯繫。德•邁齊埃在柏林對記者表示：“沒有證據表明此次事故存在任何恐怖主義背景。我們調查了一切。”

Carsten Spohr, chief executive of Germanwings’ parent company Lufthansa, said there was nothing in the record of Mr Lubitz, who started working for the airline as a flight attendant, to raise concern.

德國之翼的母公司漢莎航空(Lufthansa)的首席執行官卡斯滕•施波爾(Carsten Spohr)表示，盧比茨沒有任何值得關注的異常記錄，他是從這家航空公司的乘務員開始做起的。

“He was fit for flying without any restrictions,” Mr Spohr he told a press conference. “His performance was without criticism. Nothing was striking.”

施波爾在記者會上說：“盧比茨適合所有飛行，毫無限制。他的過往表現無可挑剔，沒什麼驚人之舉。”