明仁天皇對日本戰爭行爲深刻反省
Emperor Akihito has expressed “deep remorse” for Japan’s wartime actions, marking the 70th anniversary of the end of the second world war with language that deviated from previous years.
日本明仁天皇(Emperor Akihito)對日本的戰時行爲表示“深刻反省”。天皇在紀念第二次世界大戰結束70週年時所用的措辭與往年有所不同。
The 81-year-old emperor‘s words of regret were delivered following a minute’s silence at noon. At the same moment in 1945, his father Hirohito announced Japan’s surrender.
在正午默哀一分鐘後，現年81歲的天皇發表了表示悔意的講話。1945年的此時此刻，他的父親裕仁天皇(Hirohito)宣佈日本投降。
“Reflecting on our past and bearing in mind the feelings of deep remorse over the last war, I earnestly hope that the ravages of war will never be repeated,” the emperor said on Saturday. The ceremony in Tokyo to remember the war dead was also attended by Empress Michiko and Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
“在回顧過去、對先前戰爭深刻反省的基礎上，我殷切期盼戰爭慘禍不再重演，”天皇在上週六表示。美智子皇后(Empress Michiko)和安倍晉三(Shinzo Abe)首相也出席了在東京舉行的紀念戰死者的儀式。
The emperor’s words were closely watched this year as Mr Abe is seeking to reinterpret Japan’s pacifist constitution to make it easier for its armed forces to fight. On the eve of the 70th anniversary, Mr Abe issued a statement in which he stopped short of giving his own clear apology. He upheld the forms of past statements of remorse, but said the country did not intend to keep apologising for ever.
天皇的講話今年受到密切關注，因爲安倍晉三正尋求重新解釋日本的和平憲法，放寬對自衛隊投入戰鬥的約束。在二戰結束70週年前夕，安倍發表了他的聲明，其中沒有表示明確的道歉。他在形式上維持了過去的反省聲明，但表示日本不打算永遠道歉下去。
Every year on Aug 15, the emperor has stuck to the same script using the phrase “deep sorrow.” But it is believed to be the first time that he used the word “remorse” for the annual speech. His statement was also longer this year with new wording on the public’s commitment to peace.
每年8月15日，天皇都在講話中使用“深深悲痛”這個措辭。但據信這是他第一次在年度演講中使用“反省”一詞。今年他的演講篇幅也更長，在日本公衆嚮往和平這一點上有新的表述。
“Seventy years have passed since the end of the war, and our country today enjoys peace and prosperity, thanks to the ceaseless efforts made by the people of Japan towards recovery from the devastation of the war and towards development, always backed by their earnest desire for the continuation of peace,” the emperor said.
“戰爭結束已經過去了70年，今天我們的國家享有和平與繁榮，這要歸功於日本人民對於戰後重建、對於發展作出的不懈努力，支撐他們堅持下去的始終是他們對於保持和平的真誠願望，”天皇表示。
While the emperor is forbidden by constitution from having a political role, he has on several occasions expressed remorse for the war and used language that appeared to be more conciliatory to China and South Korea.
儘管憲法禁止天皇扮演任何政治角色，但明仁天皇已幾次對戰爭表示反省，並使用看起來對中國和韓國更爲安撫性的措辭。
On Saturday, three cabinet ministers visited the Yasukuni shrine in Tokyo, which honours Japan’s war dead including some convicted of war crimes. Mr Abe did not visit the shrine and only sent his ritual offering in an apparent bid to avoid causing tension with neighbouring countries.
上週六，三位內閣部長級官員參拜了東京的靖國神社(Yasukuni shrine)，這裏供奉着日本的戰爭亡靈，包括一些被判有罪的戰犯。安倍本人沒有參拜靖國神社，只是向靖國神社獻上了“玉串料”（祭祀費），顯然是爲了避免造成與鄰國的緊張局勢。
South Korean president Park Geun-hye said on Saturday that Mr Abe’s speech left much “to be desired” and contained “regrettable elements.” Hua Chunying, a spokeswoman for the Chinese foreign ministry, said “Japan should have made an explicit statement on the nature of the war of militarism and aggression and its responsibility on the wars.”
韓國總統朴槿惠(Park Geun-hye)上週六表示，安倍的講話有很多地方“不夠好”，並含有“令人遺憾的元素”。中國外交部發言人華春瑩表示，“日本理應對那場軍國主義侵略戰爭的性質和戰爭責任作出清晰明確的交代。”
In his statement, Mr Abe did not refer directly to the suffering of so-called comfort women who were forced into prostitution by Japan’s army during the war, but he did make a fresh acknowledgment of the sexual violence that accompanied the war.
安倍晉三在他的講話中沒有直接提及慰安婦的苦難（這些婦女在戰爭期間被日本軍隊強迫提供性服務），但他確實對戰爭期間的性暴力作出了新的承認。
Isao Tokoro, professor emeritus at Kyoto Sangyo University and an imperial family expert, said the emperor’s words were not meant to have any political implications. But he added the 70th anniversary marked a “turning point” where the emperor felt compelled to use clearer language to express his feelings for the war.
京都產業大學(Kyoto Sangyo University) 名譽教授、皇室專家所功(Isao Tokoro)表示，天皇的話本意不是要具有任何政治含義。但他補充說，戰爭結束70週年標誌着一個“轉折點”，天皇覺得不得不使用更清晰的語言來表達自己對那場戰爭的感想。
“The emperor wanted to mark this turning point with his deepest hope that people will reflect on the war with remorse and think seriously about peace,” Mr Tokoro said.
“天皇在紀念這個轉折點時，最深切地希望人民以反省的心情反思那場戰爭，認真思考和平，”所功表示。
