中國定性爲恐怖襲擊 美國稱需更多證據

After a deadly explosion in China's restive western region of Xinjiang this week, few observers were surprised when China's government quickly blamed separatists for an act of terrorism.

Associated Press在本週新疆發生一起致命爆炸事件後，中國政府很快稱維族分裂勢力實施了這起恐怖主義行動，對此很少有觀察人士感到意外。

The U.S. government a day later called on Beijing to provide more proof about such claims.

但在一天之後，美國政府呼籲中國政府提供有關此類指控的更多證據。

Released on Thursday, the China section of the U.S. State Department's annual Country Reports on Terrorism didn't deal with the latest railway station explosion in the Xinjiang capital of Urumqi.

美國國務院週四發佈了《2013年國家反恐報告》(Country Reports on Terrorism)，該報告關於中國的部分並未提到最新發生在新疆烏魯木齊火車站的爆炸案。

But it took issue with the limited information provided by China's government following other deadly incidents that authorities likewise blamed on separatists. Those include the careering of a jeep into a crowd near the portrait of Mao Zedong in Tiananmen Square last October; the three people inside--ethnic Uighurs from Xinjiang--then set the vehicle on fire, according to official Chinese accounts.

但報告指出，中國政府在其他幾次致命事件發生後提供的信息不夠。中國政府同樣稱這些事件也系分裂勢力所爲。這些事件包括去年10月份發生的天安門汽車爆炸案，當時一輛吉普車疾馳衝向毛澤東畫像附近的人羣，根據中國官方的說法，車內的三個新疆維吾爾族人士隨後引燃了這輛汽車。

'Chinese authorities labeled several incidents of violence involving members of the Uighur minority as acts of terrorism,' said the State Department report. 'In general, Chinese authorities did not provide detailed evidence of terrorist involvement, and restricted the ability of journalists and international observers to independently verify official media accounts.'

美國國務院發佈的這份報告稱，中國政府將數起有維族人蔘與的暴力事件定性爲恐怖事件。整體看來，中國政府並未提供詳細證據證明有恐怖分子參與其中，不僅如此中國政府還對記者和國際觀察人士獨立覈實官方媒體的報道加以限制。

That view also appeared reflected in the State Department's official response to the train station incident. Spokeswoman Marie Harf didn't use the word terror in commenting on it:

美國國務院對於此次火車站爆炸事件的官方迴應也反映出這一觀點。國務院發言人哈爾夫(Marie Harf)在評論這一事件時並未用到“恐怖”這一字眼：

'The United States condemns the horrific and despicable acts of violence against innocent civilians at the train station in Urumqi in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of China,' she said, using the region's full official name. 'We offer our condolences and sympathies to the victims, their families, and all of those affected by this tragedy.'

她說，美國譴責發生在中國新疆維吾爾自治區烏魯木齊火車站的針對無辜平民的可怕與卑鄙的暴力行徑。美方向受害者、他們的家人以及所有受到這一悲劇影響的人表示哀悼和同情。

In addition to faulting China for limiting information flow on acts it labels terrorism, the State Department said Beijing often fails to back up public statements in support of international cooperation to combat terrorism.

除了指責中國對其所稱的恐怖主義行動提供的信息不足外，美國國務院還表示，對於支持展開國際反恐合作的公開聲明，北京方面經常不予支持。

The U.S. report also charged that recent Chinese legislation widens authorities' remit to arrest suspects for 'endangering state security or crimes of terrorism' and that authority has been used to detain dissidents, human rights activists and religious practitioners.

美國的上述報告還指稱，中國法律擴大了“危及國家安全或恐怖主義罪行”的定義，同時有關部門據此扣押異見者、人權倡導者和宗教人士。

Such assessments are irresponsible, China's Foreign Ministry said in response.

中國外交部迴應稱，這種論斷是不負責任的說法。

'China falls victim of terrorism, and always firmly opposes terrorism in any form and terrorist acts conducted or backed by any person under any name,' Foreign Ministry Spokesman Qin Gang said in a statement published on the ministry's website shortly after the U.S. report was released (in Chinese and English).

發言人秦剛在上述美國報告發布不久後中國外交部網站刊登的一份聲明中表示，中國是恐怖主義的受害者，一貫堅決反對任何形式的恐怖主義，反對任何人以任何名義實施或支持恐怖主義活動。

Despite Beijing's accusation that the U.S. has a double-standard when it comes to terrorism in China--a criticism repeated by Mr. Qin--Chinese are also conflicted about how to characterize violence with political overtones. Only days after the fiery car crash in Tiananmen Square was labeled terrorism, authorities declined to use the term when a middle-aged Chinese man was arrested for detonating explosives outside a Communist Party building in the city of Taiyuan.

儘管中國指責美國在中國的恐怖主義活動方面存在雙重標準（秦剛在聲明中重複了這一批評），中國人自己在如何界定有政治色彩的暴力行爲方面也自相矛盾。就在天安門撞車事件被認定爲恐怖主義之後剛過了幾天，中國一箇中年男子因在太原市的山西省委大樓前引爆爆炸物被捕，但有關部門拒絕使用“恐怖主義”這一表述。

On a tour of Xinjiang this week, Chinese President Xi Jinping spent much of his time signaling he has all the proof he needs about the threat faced by his country. Following the Urumqi explosion, he was quoted by the Xinhua news agency saying the 'anti-separatism battle in Xinjiang is long-term, complicated and acute.'

中國國家主席習近平本週視察新疆時強調了他深刻知曉中國面臨的威脅。在烏魯木齊爆炸案發生後，新華社援引習近平的話稱，必須深刻認識新疆分裂和反分裂鬥爭的長期性、複雜性和尖銳性。