中國政府關於在南海的領土主權和海洋權益的聲明

中華人民共和國政府關於在南海的領土主權和海洋權益的聲明
Statement of the Government of the People’s Republic of China on China’s Territorial Sovereignty and Maritime Rights and Interests in the South China Sea

爲重申中國在南海的領土主權和海洋權益，加強與各國在南海的合作，維護南海和平穩定，中華人民共和國政府聲明：
To reaffirm China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea, enhance cooperation in the South China Sea with other countries, and uphold peace and stability in the South China Sea, the Government of the People’s Republic of China hereby states as follows:

一、中國南海諸島包括東沙羣島、西沙羣島、中沙羣島和南沙羣島。中國人民在南海的活動已有2000多年曆史。中國最早發現、命名和開發利用南海諸島及相關海域，最早並持續、和平、有效地對南海諸島及相關海域行使主權和管轄，確立了在南海的領土主權和相關權益。
I. China’s Nanhai Zhudao (the South China Sea Islands) consist of Dongsha Qundao (the Dongsha Islands), Xisha Qundao (the Xisha Islands), Zhongsha Qundao (the Zhongsha Islands) and Nansha Qundao (the Nansha Islands). The activities of the Chinese people in the South China Sea date back to over 2,000 years ago. China is the first to have discovered, named, and explored and exploited Nanhai Zhudao and relevant waters, and the first to have exercised sovereignty and jurisdiction over them continuously, peacefully and effectively, thus establishing territorial sovereignty and relevant rights and interests in the South China Sea.

第二次世界大戰結束後，中國收復日本在侵華戰爭期間曾非法侵佔的中國南海諸島，並恢復行使主權。中國政府爲加強對南海諸島的管理，於1947年審覈修訂了南海諸島地理名稱，編寫了《南海諸島地理志略》和繪製了標繪有南海斷續線的《南海諸島位置圖》，並於1948年2月正式公佈，昭告世界。
Following the end of the Second World War, China recovered and resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Nanhai Zhudao which had been illegally occupied by Japan during its war of aggression against China. To strengthen the administration over Nanhai Zhudao, the Chinese government in 1947 reviewed and updated the geographical names of Nanhai Zhudao, compiled Nan Hai Zhu Dao Di Li Zhi Lue (A Brief Account of the Geography of the South China Sea Islands), and drew Nan Hai Zhu Dao Wei Zhi Tu (Location Map of the South China Sea Islands) on which the dotted line is marked. This map was officially published and made known to the world by the Chinese government in February 1948.

二、中華人民共和國1949年10月1日成立以來，堅定維護中國在南海的領土主權和海洋權益。1958年《中華人民共和國政府關於領海的聲明》、1992年《中華人民共和國領海及毗連區法》、1998年《中華人民共和國專屬經濟區和大陸架法》以及1996年《中華人民共和國全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於批准<聯合國海洋法公約>的決定》等系列法律文件，進一步確認了中國在南海的領土主權和海洋權益。
II. Since its founding on 1 October 1949, the People’s Republic of China has been firm in upholding China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea. A series of legal instruments, such as the 1958 Declaration of the Government of the People’s Republic of China on China’s Territorial Sea, the 1992 Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone, the 1998 Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf and the 1996 Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on the Ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, have further reaffirmed China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea.

三、基於中國人民和中國政府的長期歷史實踐及歷屆中國政府的一貫立場，根據中國國內法以及包括《聯合國海洋法公約》在內的國際法，中國在南海的領土主權和海洋權益包括：
III. Based on the practice of the Chinese People and the Chinese government in the long course of history and the position consistently upheld by successive Chinese governments, and in accordance with national law and international law, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, China has territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea, including, inter alia:
（一）中國對南海諸島，包括東沙羣島、西沙羣島、中沙羣島和南沙羣島擁有主權；
i. China has sovereignty over Nanhai Zhudao, consisting of Dongsha Qundao, Xisha Qundao, Zhongsha Qundao and Nansha Qundao;
（二）中國南海諸島擁有內水、領海和毗連區；
ii. China has internal waters, territorial sea and contiguous zone, based on Nanhai Zhudao;
（三）中國南海諸島擁有專屬經濟區和大陸架；
iii. China has exclusive economic zone and continental shelf, based on Nanhai Zhudao;
（四）中國在南海擁有歷史性權利。
iv. China has historic rights in the South China Sea.
中國上述立場符合有關國際法和國際實踐。
The above positions are consistent with relevant international law and practice.

四、中國一向堅決反對一些國家對中國南沙羣島部分島礁的非法侵佔及在中國相關管轄海域的侵權行爲。中國願繼續與直接有關當事國在尊重歷史事實的基礎上，根據國際法，通過談判協商和平解決南海有關爭議。中國願同有關直接當事國盡一切努力作出實際性的臨時安排，包括在相關海域進行共同開發，實現互利共贏，共同維護南海和平穩定。
IV. China is always firmly opposed to the invasion and illegal occupation by certain states of some islands and reefs of China’s Nansha Qundao, and activities infringing upon China’s rights and interests in relevant maritime areas under China’s jurisdiction. China stands ready to continue to resolve the relevant disputes peacefully through negotiation and consultation with the states directly concerned on the basis of respecting historical facts and in accordance with international law. Pending final settlement, China is also ready to make every effort with the states directly concerned to enter into provisional arrangements of a practical nature, including joint development in relevant maritime areas, in order to achieve win-win results and jointly maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea.

五、中國尊重和支持各國依據國際法在南海享有的航行和飛越自由，願與其他沿岸國和國際社會合作，維護南海國際航運通道的安全和暢通。
V. China respects and upholds the freedom of navigation and overflight enjoyed by all states under international law in the South China Sea, and stays ready to work with other coastal states and the international community to ensure the safety of and the unimpeded access to the international shipping lanes in the South China Sea.