新加坡:世界上最富的國家?

Yet another wealth report has put tiny Singapore on the top of its charts this time, as the wealthiest nation in the world by GDP per capita, beating out Norway, the U.S., Hong Kong and Switzerland.

又有一份財富報告將小國新加坡列爲榜首。這次，新加坡擊敗挪威、美國、香港和瑞士，成爲世界上按人均國內生產總值(GDP)計算最富裕的國家／地區。

The report, released in March by Knight Frank and Citi Private Wealth, estimates that Singapore's GDP per capita at US$56,532 in 2010, measured by purchasing power parity is the highest in the world, topping Norway (US$51, 226), the US (US$45, 511) and Hong Kong (US$45, 301). The report also predicts that Singapore will hold its place as the world's most affluent country in 2050 (by GDP per capita), followed closely by Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea who will displace Norway and Switzerland as the world's richest places.

據萊坊(Knight Frank)和Citi Private Wealth3月份發佈的這份報告估計，新加坡2010年按購買力平價衡量的人均GDP爲56,532美元，是全球最高的，超過了挪威（51,226美元）、美國（45,511美元）和香港（45,301美元）。報告還預計，2050年新加坡將保持其世界最富裕國家／地區的地位（按人均GDP計算），緊隨其後的是香港、臺灣和韓國，它們將超過挪威和瑞士成爲世界最富有的地方。

This figure is no doubt bolstered by the staggering number of millionaires in the city-state, which Knight Frank and Citi Private Wealth predict will only keep growing. According to their estimates, Singapore will see a 67% increase in centa-millionaires over the next four years an über-wealthy class with over US$100 million in disposable wealth. Earlier reports, like the Boston Consulting Group's Wealth Report released in June, said Singapore has the highest percentage of millionaire households in the world, a title the city-state has held on to for two years running.

這個數字無疑是在這個城市國家令人咂舌的百萬富翁人數的支撐下取得的。據萊坊和Citi Private Wealth預測，新加坡的百萬富翁只會繼續增多，而不會減少。據它們估計，未來四年，新加坡可支配資產超過一億美元的超級富豪人數將增加67%。此前包括波士頓諮詢公司(Boston Consulting Group)6月份發佈的“財富報告”在內的多份報告說，新加坡是世界上百萬富翁家庭比例最高的，這已是它連續第二年獲此殊榮。

Singapore is not the lone beneficiary of Southeast Asia's wealth explosion, and according to the report the number of people in the entire region with more than US$100 million in disposable assets (excluding property, for example) has increased by 80% in the past five years. Between 2010 and 2011, the number of these centa-millionaires grew 13% - higher than the global average at 6% - and will grow by 44% by 2016. Correspondingly, some Southeast Asian cities have seen property prices increase significantly in the past year, including the Indonesian island of Bali where property prices increased 15% and Jakarta, where they increased by 14.3%.

新加坡並不是東南亞財富出現爆炸性增長的唯一受益者。據上述報告說，過去五年中，東南亞地區可支配資產（不包括自住的房產）超過一億美元的富豪人數增加了80%。2010年至2011年，這類富豪人數增加了13%，高於全球6%的平均增幅，到2016年時這類富豪的人數還將增長44%。相應地，過去一年裏部分東南亞城市的房價大幅上漲，印度尼西亞巴厘島的房價漲了15%，雅加達的房價則漲了14.3%。

There are now 18, 000 people with US$100 million or more in disposable assets in Southeast Asia, China and Japan, according to Knight Frank's estimates more than North America, which has 17, 000, and Western Europe with 14, 000.

據萊坊估計，目前東南亞、中國和日本可支配資產超過一億美元的富豪有1.8萬人，比北美（1.7萬）和西歐（1.4萬）都要多。

Still, these ultra-high net worth individuals are not completely confident that their large masses of wealth will be completely unaffected by turbulence in the world economy and changing political situations, according to surveys conducted by Knight Frank. In Singapore, the wealthy are most afraid of the impact of the global financial crisis on their wealth, but those in Hong Kong are more worried about the devaluation of currency and those in India are most worried about domestic inflation.

儘管如此，據萊坊進行的調查顯示，對於自己的鉅額財富在全球經濟的動盪和瞬息萬變的政治局勢中是否將毫髮無損，這些高淨值超級富豪並非信心十足。在新加坡，有錢人最擔心全球金融危機對自己財富的衝擊，但香港富豪更擔心港元貶值，印度富豪則最擔心國內通貨膨脹。

With its high density of Louis Vuitton boutiques, luxury nightclubs and multi-million dollar property, Singapore is also growing in importance as a city for the world's high net worth individuals. Surveys asking über-wealthy individuals to rank cities in terms of 'economic activity, political power, quality of life, knowledge and influence' found that Singapore was the fifth most important city for the world's wealthiest individuals. Here, the city-state was beaten by London, New York, Hong Kong and Paris, indicating that the world's most global cities continue to lure the rich.

憑藉其林立的路易威登(Louis Vuitton)專賣店、豪華夜店、價格動輒數百萬美元的房產，新加坡作爲一個城市對全球高淨值個人來說也變得越來越重要。調查請受訪的超級富豪按“經濟活動、政治實力、生活質量、知識和影響力”這五項指標對各城市進行排名，結果發現，新加坡對全球富豪來說是第五大最重要的城市。在這方面，這個城市國家不及倫敦、紐約、香港和巴黎，看來世界上那些最全球化的大都市對有錢人的吸引力絲毫不減。

According to Knight Frank, even respondents in Asia-Pacific put London and New York ahead of Hong Kong and Singapore an indication that economic growth may not be the most important factor when a high-net worth individual chooses his city of residence.

據萊坊說，就連亞太地區的受訪者也把倫敦和紐約排在香港和新加坡之前，這表明經濟增長可能並非高淨值個人選擇居住城市時所考慮的最重要因素。

In the next 10 years, according to the report, Shanghai will be the fourth-most important city for the world's wealthy with the 'relative anonymity of… secondary cities' like Chongqing and Dalian likely to change in the near future, evidenced by an explosion of a luxury goods market in cities that are not yet on the map of the world's wealthy.

據上述報告說，未來10年，上海將成爲對全球富豪來說第四大最重要的城市，而重慶和大連等相對籍籍無名的二線城市，其排名在不久的將來則可能出現變化，證據就是在尚未獲得全球富豪關注的多個城市出現了奢侈品銷售的大幅增長。

The Knight Frank and Citi wealth report notes that 'many of those fast-growing Chinese cities… performed significantly less well for freedom of expression and human rights something that may hinder any future ascent to the top of the overall ranking.'

萊坊和Citi Private Wealth發佈的財富報告指出，中國很多迅速增長的城市在言論自由和人權方面的表現要差很多，這可能阻礙其未來躋身總排行榜前列。