美國前國防部長出回憶錄 批評奧巴馬控制慾強大綱

Former US Secretary of Defense Robert Gates has strongly criticised President Barack Obama's handling of the war in Afghanistan, US media have reported.

In Duty: Memoirs of a Secretary of War, Mr Gates says that the president was sceptical that his administration's Afghan strategy would succeed.

"I never doubted [his] support for the troops, only his support for their mission," Mr Gates is quoted as saying.

Mr Gates was Pentagon chief under Presidents Obama and George Bush. He was the first Pentagon head to serve presidents of different parties before leaving political office in 2011.

Although he describes Mr Obama as "a man of personal integrity" who was right in his decisions regarding Afghanistan, he says that the president was uncomfortable with the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan which he inherited from the Bush administration.

He also says Mr Obama was distrustful of the military that was providing him options.

He is quoted by newspapers as saying in the memoir that in March 2011 he did not trust Gen David Petraeus - the US military commander in Afghanistan in 2010-11 - and "could not stand" Afghan President Hamid Karzai.

The president "doesn't consider the war to be his," Mr Gates writes of a March 2011 meeting in the White House. "For him, it's all about getting out."

The Washington Post says that the memoir is "in contrast to his subdued, even-keeled public demeanour as Pentagon chief", and that Mr Gates "strikes an often bitter tone in his memoir".

It and other newspapers quote the former defence secretary voicing frustration in the memoir at the "controlling nature" of Mr Obama's White House, which he says constantly interfered in Pentagon affairs, even though civilian aides lacked knowledge of military operations.

The White House national security staff "took micromanagement and operational meddling to a new level," he writes, comparing their approach to that of the Nixon era of the 1970s.

"All too early in the administration," Mr Gates writes, "suspicion and distrust of senior military officers by senior White House officials - including the president and vice president - became a big problem for me as I tried to manage the relationship between the commander-in-chief and his military leaders."據美國《華盛頓郵報》1月8日報道，美國前國防部長羅伯特•蓋茨猛烈抨擊美國總統奧巴馬處理阿富汗戰爭的方式。

在《職責：戰爭部長回憶錄》一書中，蓋茨稱奧巴馬懷疑美國政府的阿富汗政策是否能夠取得成功。

“我從不懷疑他對軍隊的支持，只是懷疑他對這項任務是否足夠支持，”蓋茨這樣說道。

他曾在奧巴馬和布什的任期內擔任國防部長，2011年離任，他也是首位在民主黨和共和黨總統執政期間均能入主五角大樓的國防部長。

蓋茨認爲奧巴馬是“一個正直的人”，在阿富汗問題上的觀點是正確的，但他也稱，奧巴馬很不情願地從布什政府手中接管伊拉克戰爭和阿富汗戰爭。

報紙引述回憶錄稱，奧巴馬2011年並不信任美國駐阿富汗司令戴維•彼得雷烏斯，且“不能忍受”阿富汗總統卡爾扎伊。

蓋茨在回憶錄中寫道2011年3月份的一次會議時表示，奧巴馬“並不認爲這場戰爭跟自己有關，他關心的只有撤軍”。

《華盛頓郵報》評論說，蓋茨在回憶錄中措辭強硬，“一反他作爲國防部長被壓制的公衆形象”。

蓋茨表示，奧巴馬的“控制慾”很強。雖然白宮文官缺乏軍事知識，但是經常插手國防事務。

蓋茨認爲，和20世紀70年代的尼克松政府相比，奧巴馬手下的“白宮國家安全部門越來越多地插手具體管理和軍隊運行。”

“在管理過程中，”蓋茨寫道，“雖然我試圖緩解高級軍官和他的領導之間的關係，但是白宮高官——包括總統和副總統，對於高級軍官的懷疑和不信任已經成爲了我的一個難題。”